Download or read book The Determinants of Attendance of Major League Baseball Games from 1989 to 1999 and the Implications of the 1994 Labor Strike written by Katharine E. Willers and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis takes a look at the determining factors of attendance at Major League baseball games from 1989 to 1999. It also discusses what effects the labor strike of 1994 had on attendance.
Download or read book What Took Me Out to the Ball Game written by Katharine E. Willers and published by F Street Books. This book was released on 2011 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Baseball fans attend Major League Baseball games for many reasons-to watch their home team in the midst of a winning season; to bask in the afterglow of a recent World Series win; or to see a newly acquired All-Star. But many impersonal factors determine how many people attend a Major League Baseball game, including local unemployment rates, the presence of other professional sporting franchises, or the number of games broadcast on television. What Took Me Out to the Ball Game utilizes a linear regression analysis to examine competitive and team-market factors that permeated Major League Baseball during the 1990s and what impact they had on attendance at games. It examines the significance of twenty market and team-quality factors, in particular the impact of the 1994 labor strike which caused the cancellation of hundreds of games and the World Series in 1994. Katharine E. Willers is a lifelong baseball fan and economic enthusiast. Resulting from research she did for this book, she spent a summer as a researcher at the National Baseball Hall of Fame Library in Cooperstown, New York. Ms. Willers graduated magna cum laude from Cornell University with a BA in Economics and earned an MA in International Relations from The Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. After initially pursuing a career in business and marketing, she transitioned to a career in policy and international affairs. Katharine is married and currently resides in the Washington, DC area.
Download or read book The Baseball Bibliography written by Myron J. Smith and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2006 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "With over 57,000 entries, this two-volume set is the most comprehensive non-electronic, non-database, print bibliography on any American sport. Represented here are books and monographs, scholarly papers, government documents, doctoral dissertations, masters' theses, poetry and fiction, novels, pro team yearbooks, college and professional All-Star Game and World Series programs, commercially produced yearbooks, and periodical and journal articles"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book A Game of Failure written by Ryan J. Eckert and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper examines the past history of baseball labor relations, the 1994-1995 baseball strike itself and the eventual conclusion of the strike. It examines how the issues surrounding the strike were resolved, and how players, ownership, and fans emerged from the conflict." -- Introduction.
Download or read book A Game of Failure written by Ryan Eckert and published by . This book was released on 2016-04-27 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On August 12th, 1994, the Major League Baseball Players Association directed its members to go on strike, ultimately leading to cancellation of both the remainder of the 1994 baseball season and the 1994 World Series. The 232-day saga that ensued, and its fallout, would ultimately amount to the most financially and emotionally destructive episode in the history of American professional sports. This book examines the 1994 strike from all angles, including its long-stemming origins to its beginnings, the course taken by events throughout its nine-month duration, and evolving popular reactions throughout. It will consider the eventual mediation and resolution, and what the strike meant in both the short- and long-term for Major League Baseball and the relationship between the sport and American culture. The labor dispute that culminated in 1994's strike and cancelled World Series was hardly the first dispute between players and owners in Baseball, but rather can be seen as a culmination of an extended period of labor unrest throughout the second half of the twentieth century. Here we see the "final showdown" in the owners' long-standing efforts to break the union; both sides would eventually accept concessions and, finally, the result would be normalization of the previous imbalance of power. Such a dramatic course correction would prove to have negative consequences for the public perceptions of both players and owners. Unlike previous labor disputes, 1994 was met with overwhelming feelings of resentment and betrayal aimed at both sides. Consequently, the 1994-95 strike was definitive in establishing the American public's modern conception of the relationship among professional athletes, team owners, and fans.
Download or read book What Takes Me Out to the Ballgame written by James Richard West and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strike Three A Player s Journey Through the Infamous Baseball Strike Of 1994 written by Nikco Riesgo and published by Strike Three. This book was released on 2010-04-17 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russ Cohen gives us a look back at the baseball strike of 1994-1995 as seen through the eyes of Nikco Riesgo, a "replacement player."
Download or read book Bargaining with Baseball written by William B. Gould IV and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2014-01-10 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1995, William B. Gould IV, then chairman of the National Labor Relations Board, cast the deciding vote to obtain the injunction that ended the longest strike in baseball history. Sixteen years of peaceful relations between baseball labor and management have followed, as well as unprecedented prosperity in a relationship that had just endured 30 years of strikes and lockouts. This study, which clearly illustrates the practical impact of law on America's pastime, considers the 140-year sweep of labor-management relationships and conflict, exploring player-owner disputes, the development of free agency, the collective bargaining process, and the racial integration of baseball, among other topics. It concludes with a discussion of the "steroids era," the problem with maintaining Jackie Robinson's legacy in the 21st century, and globalization.
Download or read book A Study of the Implications of the 1994 Major League Baseball Player s Strike and an Analysis of the Marketing Strategies Used by Major League Baseball and Four Teams in Response to the Strike written by Robyn M. Bolton and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the 1994 players' strike, its impact on Major League Baseball, and the marketing efforst of Major League Baseball and four teams following the strike.
Download or read book The Effects of the 1994 Major League Baseball Strike on the Business of Professional Baseball written by Adam Gruber and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Examination of the Labor Market in Major League Baseball and the Ramifications of the 1994 Strike on Players Owners and Fans written by Tracy K. Schneider and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Relationship Between Promotions and Attendance at Major League Baseball Games written by Michael J. Lucas and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Congressional Responses to Selected Work Stoppages in Professional Sports written by L. Elaine Halchin and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-10-20 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to the 2011 National Football League (NFL) lockout, developments in professional football's labor-management relations had prompted questions regarding how, when, and in what manner a new collective bargaining agreement (CBA) might be drafted. Interest in this matter included, on the part of some observers, questions about how Congress responded to previous work stoppages in professional sports. In attempting to address this particular question, this report examines congressional responses to the 1982 and 1987 work stoppages in the NFL. With the conclusion of the 2011 NFL lockout in July, this work stoppage is also included. Additionally, this report examines the 1994 Major League Baseball strike, which is useful considering the extent of congressional activity surrounding this strike. Compared to the 1994 baseball strike, the 1982 and 1987 football strikes and the 2011 lockout did not garner much attention from Congress in terms of legislative measures and hearings. Three legislative measures were introduced in response to the 1982 strike; one each was introduced in response to the 1987 strike and the 2011 lockout. Members introduced or offered 22 legislative measures and held five hearings that were related to the baseball strike. With one exception (S.Res. 294, 100th Congress), none of these measures was approved by either house. Members who introduced, or otherwise supported, legislative measures offered reasons for promoting congressional intervention. Their arguments touched on, for example, the economic impact of work stoppages, the role of baseball's antitrust exemption in establishing a climate conducive to players' strikes, previous congressional involvement in professional sports, and a responsibility to ensure the continuity of football (or baseball). Disagreeing that congressional intervention was warranted, other Members offered several reasons why Congress ought not to intervene. For example, one Member suggested that repealing baseball's antitrust exemption would alter the balance of power in professional baseball. Other Members believed that more pressing matters deserved Congress's attention. At least one Member suggested that a particular bill, if enacted, would have the effect of favoring the players over the owners.
Download or read book Factors that Affect the Attendance of a Major League Baseball Club written by Gerald Richard Curtis and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Take Me Out to the Ball Game written by Lieberman Research Inc and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of the first phase research was: (1) to provide preliminary insights and hypotheses concerning the factors which encourage or discourage attendance at major league baseball games, (2) to develop a basic understanding of the place enjoyed by baseball in the fan's sports framework, and (3) to make sure that phase two coveers the concerns of the major league clubs."--leaf 1.
Download or read book What is the Effect of Major League Baseball Broadcasts on Attendance in Minor League Cities written by Gordon McLendon and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Game day Promotions on Increasing Game Attendance and Fan Engagement for Major League Baseball Teams written by Andrea Weed and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study applies contingency theory to analyze how effective promotions are at increasing attendance and facilitating fan engagement. Contingency theory framework assumes there is neither a best way to organize nor is any strategy equally effective (Galbraith, 1973; Shank & Lyberger, 2014). This is consistent with the results from this study, as there were significant findings but no clear or definitive answers. This study utilized an online survey of MLB consumers ages 18 or older that attended a game during 2014 or 2015, within 150 miles of an MLB ballpark, and without season tickets (N = 382). Scale psychometrics for identity antecedents and motivations was used to analyze areas of fan engagement. Multiple linear regression equations were completed, indicating that the effect of external contingencies on willingness to attend games varies within levels of fan engagement, and appeal of game-day promotions varies within levels of fan engagement. A comparison of means also found that effect of promotions on willingness to attend games does not vary within promotional categories. The findings support contingency theory and provide important implications for next-step strategies for scholarship and industry.
