Download or read book The Dentate Gyrus and Its Role in Seizures written by Charles E. Ribak and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1992 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters of this book are grouped to provide a logical sequence for the reader. The first section, entitled Cell Types and Innervation Patterns brings together six presentations that address different aspects of the detailed anatomy of the dentate gyrus. Particular emphasis is placed on the three major cell types, granule cells, basket cells and the heterogeneous cells of the hilus. In addition, two of the chapters focus on the termination pattern of chemically-identified afferents to this region. The section concludes with a paper that bridges the gap between anatomy and the next section: Cellular Physiology and Functional Plasticity of neurons in the dentate gyrus. The five chapters in the second section are devoted to the electrophysiology of different neuronal types of the dentate gyrus. The middle section, entitled Seizures and the Regulation of Gene Expression and Protein Content, demonstrates some remarkable alterations in the expression of neuropeptides, growth factors and intracellular calcium-regulating proteins in experimental models of epilepsy.
Download or read book Jasper s Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies written by Jeffrey Noebels and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 1258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jasper's Basic Mechanisms, Fourth Edition, is the newest most ambitious and now clinically relevant publishing project to build on the four-decade legacy of the Jasper's series. In keeping with the original goal of searching for "a better understanding of the epilepsies and rational methods of prevention and treatment.", the book represents an encyclopedic compendium neurobiological mechanisms of seizures, epileptogenesis, epilepsy genetics and comordid conditions. Of practical importance to the clinician, and new to this edition are disease mechanisms of genetic epilepsies and therapeutic approaches, ranging from novel antiepileptic drug targets to cell and gene therapies.
Download or read book The Dentate Gyrus A Comprehensive Guide to Structure Function and Clinical Implications written by Helen E. Scharfman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 841 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dentate gyrus is a part of the brain that has been a topic of intense interest since the beginning of neuroscience, and pioneering studies from the distant and recent past attest to this. One of the reasons for such interest is that this structure provides some of the most remarkable examples of plasticity within the nervous system. In addition, it is critical to normal cognitive function, although exactly how and when is still a question that eludes answers. Furthermore, abnormalities within the dentate gyrus appear to play a role in diverse clinical conditions, from depression to epilepsy and traumatic brain injury. The primary goal of this book is to provide a context, or background, upon which the detailed knowledge of the current era can be appreciated. A series of overviews are provided to clarify essentials related to structural organization and development, cellular components, neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, plasticity, and clinical relevance. * Covers the topic comprehensively from anatomy to cellular and systems perspectives* Includes basic research and addresses translational implications, so it will be useful to both researchers in the laboratory and clinicians who conduct experiments in humans* Chapters provide fundamentals, but also details and ample references for further review of the topic
Download or read book Seizures and Epilepsy written by Jerome Engel Jr and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of 'Seizures and Epilepsy' is completely revised, due to tremendous advances in the understanding of the fundamental neuronal mechanisms underlying epileptic phenomena, as well as current diagnosis and treatment, which have been heavily influenced over the past several decades by seminal neuroscientific developments, particularly the introduction of molecular neurobiology, genetics, and modern neuroimaging. This resource covers a broad range of both basic and clinical epileptology.
Download or read book SIDS Sudden Infant and Early Childhood Death written by Roger W. Byard and published by . This book was released on 2018-04 with total page 844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers aspects of sudden infant and early childhood death, ranging from issues with parental grief, to the most recent theories of brainstem neurotransmitters. It also deals with the changes that have occurred over time with the definitions of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome), SUDI (sudden unexpected death in infancy) and SUDIC (sudden unexpected death in childhood). The text will be indispensable for SIDS researchers, SIDS organisations, paediatric pathologists, forensic pathologists, paediatricians and families, in addition to residents in training programs that involve paediatrics. It will also be of use to other physicians, lawyers and law enforcement officials who deal with these cases, and should be a useful addition to all medical examiner/forensic, paediatric and pathology departments, hospital and university libraries on a global scale. Given the marked changes that have occurred in the epidemiology and understanding of SIDS and sudden death in the very young over the past decade, a text such as this is very timely and is also urgently needed.
Download or read book The Causes of Epilepsy written by Simon Shorvon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-02 with total page 1013 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanded and revised, this unique book provides concise descriptions of the many causes of epilepsy, for use in clinical practice.
Download or read book The Plastic Mind written by Sharon Begley and published by Hachette UK. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, the conventional wisdom of neuroscience held that the hardware of the brain is fixed - that we are stuck with what we were born with. But recent pioneering experiments in neuroplasticity reveal that the brain is capable not only of altering its structure but also of generating new neurons, even into old age. The brain can adapt, heal, renew itself after trauma and compensate for disability. In this groundbreaking book, highly respected science writer Sharon Begley documents how this fundamental paradigm shift is transforming both our understanding of the human mind and our approach to deep-seated emotional, cognitive and behavioural problems. These breakthroughs show that it is possible to reset our happiness meter, regain the use of limbs disabled by stroke, train the mind to break cycles of depression and OCD and reverse age-related changes in the brain.
Download or read book Cognitive Plasticity in Neurologic Disorders written by Joseph I. Tracy and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume makes clear that the cognitive and behavioural symptoms of neurologic disorders and syndromes are dynamic and changing. Each chapter describes the neuroplastic processes at work in a particular condition, giving rise to these ongoing cognitive changes.
Download or read book Seizures and the Developing Brain written by Aristea S. Galanopoulou and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seizures are more common early in life than in adulthood. Bidirectional interactions between seizures and normal developmental processes define their expression and outcomes. Several developmentally regulated factors control neuronal excitability. GABAA receptors hold a central role as they control neuronal activity in an age-specific manner. Early in development, GABAA receptors have depolarizing effects, which contribute to the increased susceptibility of immature neurons to seizures but they are also essential for normal brain development. During development, there is a gradual shift to the "adult-type" hyperpolarizing GABAA receptor signaling, creating more efficient inhibition. Seizures may disrupt GABAA receptor signaling by changing the expression of their subunits and by changing the direction of GABAA responses, which, in certain situations, may be detrimental for brain development. Furthermore, subcortical nuclei, such as the substantia nigra, control the expression and propagation of seizures in an age- and sex-dependent manner. These endogenous control centers and signaling pathways are further modified by independent genetic epigenetic, biologic, or other factors, which further increase the heterogeneity in presentation of seizures, their treatment, and their comorbidities. Elucidation of these complex interactions and identification of biomarkers guiding therapeutic interventions will be necessary to improve our ability to treat early-life epilepsies.
Download or read book Introduction to Epilepsy written by Gonzalo Alarcón and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-26 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers all aspects of epilepsy, from basic mechanisms to diagnosis and management, as well as legal and social considerations.
Download or read book Galanin written by Tomas Hökfelt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-18 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galanin is a neuropeptide found both in the central and peripheral nervous system. The 29-amino acid peptide (named after its N-terminal glycine and C-terminal alanine) was identified in 1983 by its C-terminal amidation. This 'reverse' approach, that is to discover a substance through a distinct chemical feature, and only subsequently to characterize its biological activity, was novel and has been successful in the identification of several other peptides. After the structure of galanin was determined in 1983, functional studies were performed with material purified from natural sources until the synthetic form of the peptide became available. Galanin can act as transmitter, modulator and trophic factor, and is involved in a number of physiological processes such as hormone secretion, cardiovascular mechanisms, feeding and cognition. This peptide may also be of significance for a number of pathological processes/disorders including pain, depression, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, addiction and cancer. This wide diversity of actions is mediated by three galanin receptor subtypes. The studies reviewed in this volume give a fairly complete overview of the spectrum of the biological actions and functions of galanin and its receptors and on possible therapeutic applications in a number of pathological conditions.
Download or read book The Hippocampus written by Ales Stuchlik and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-07-11 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hippocampus is an important brain region, a true central hub for memory of various kinds and other processes. Neuropsychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, drug addiction, and schizophrenia are characterized by hippocampal alterations. The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is a site exhibiting adult neurogenesis. This book covers the topic of the hippocampus from various perspectives. It discusses adult neurogenesis, effect of enriched environments on hippocampal plasticity, and long-term potentiation-associated gene expression. The book also addresses multiscale representations of complex environments and strategies in the hippocampus-dependent spatial tasks. Finally, insight into the hippocampus as a link between negative affect and relapse to psychostimulants is provided. The book collects evidence of various hippocampal functions in healthy and disordered brain.
Download or read book Recent Advances in Epilepsy Research written by Devin K. Binder and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epilepsy research has entered an exciting phase as advances in molecular analysis have supplemented in vitro and in vivo electrophysiologic and phenotypic characterization. Recent Advances in Epilepsy Research sets forth a series of chapter reviews by researchers involved in these advances. This volume is a composite profile of some exciting recent investigations in select areas of enquiry. Key features: neurogenetics of seizure disorders, new developments in cellular and molecular neurobiology of seizure disorders, the role of growth factors in seizures, new advances in the roles of metabotropic glutamate receptors and GABA receptors and transporters, gap junctions, neuroimmunology of epilepsy, malformations of cortical development, neurogenesis, new animal models of epilepsy and the use of brain stimulation to treat epilepsy. This book should be of interest to a wide variety of audiences, including graduate students in neurobiology and related disciplines, neuroscientists, medical students, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and industry including pharmaceutical companies and medical device companies. There are many ideas in this book that will lead ingenious innovators in academia and industry to develop new and better therapies.
Download or read book Reorganization of Dentate Gyrus Microcircuits During Epileptogenesis written by Ryan Thomas Jones and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a form of acquired epilepsy characterized by recurrent and unprovoked seizures. TLE often develops following a precipitating neurological insult, such as traumatic brain injury, stroke, infection, prolonged febrile seizures or status epilepticus. These insults can initiate a constellation of genetic, functional, network and systems level reorganization that transforms a normal non-epileptic brain into one capable of generating recurrent and unprovoked seizures. The period of time between neurological insults and the onset of epilepsy is known as the latent period and is believed to be the period of time during which underlying epileptogenic processes occur. The dentate gyrus (DG) region of the hippocampus plays a key role in contextual learning and memory and strongly regulates the flow of neural activity from cortical regions into seizure-prone hippocampal regions through emergent properties of its neural microcircuit. In TLE, this filtering function is disrupted and can contribute to generation of seizures. Recent studies have described pathological high-frequency oscillations (pHFOs) in the DG and identified them as potential biomarkers of underlying proconvulsant network abnormalities. Moreover, pHFOs appear to be harbingers of TLE and are generated in the DG prior to the onset of an epileptic phenotype and therefore may reflect underlying network reorganization during the epileptogenesis. Currently, little is known about the emergence of pHFOs after epilepsy-inducing neuronal insults or the pathological microcircuit that generates them. To address this we used a new mouse model of TLE to track the temporal and spectral evolution of pHFOs during epileptogenesis. Moreover, we investigated how disrupted integration of newly generated granule cells into the DG during epileptogenesis contributes to the disruption of DG microcircuit function. We found that DG pHFOs are generated in bursts in vivo during epileptogenesis but that their burst properties do not evolve over time. In contrast, pHFO spectral dynamics appear to evolve during the latent period, suggesting that pHFO properties change according to the epileptogenic stage. In vitro electrophysiologcal and optogenetic experiments revealed that NGCs abnormally integrate into the DG microcircuit during epileptogenesis and that optogenetic activation of these neurons is sufficient to induce pHFOs in the DG.
Download or read book The Functional Organization of the Dentate Gyrus in the Normal and Epileptic Rat written by Golijeh Golarai and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Basic Epilepsy Research written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-05-27 with total page 1853 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a truly translational area of biomedical investigation, epilepsy research spans an extraordinary breadth of subjects and involves virtually every tool that modern neuroscience has at its disposal. The Encyclopedia of Basic Epilepsy Research provides an up to date, comprehensive reference for all epilepsy researchers. With an expert list of authors, the encyclopedia covers the full spectrum of research activities from genes and molecules to animal models and human patients. The encyclopedia's electronic format also provides unparalleled access to frequent updates and additions, while the limited edition print version provides another option for owning this content. The Encyclopedia of Basic Epilepsy Research is an essential resource for researchers of all levels and clinicians who study epilepsy. The only comprehensive reference for basic research and current activities in epilepsy Electronic format provides fast and easy access to updates and additions, with limited print version available as well Contains over 85 articles, all written by experts in epilepsy research
Download or read book The Mouse Nervous System written by Charles Watson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-11-28 with total page 815 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mouse Nervous System provides a comprehensive account of the central nervous system of the mouse. The book is aimed at molecular biologists who need a book that introduces them to the anatomy of the mouse brain and spinal cord, but also takes them into the relevant details of development and organization of the area they have chosen to study. The Mouse Nervous System offers a wealth of new information for experienced anatomists who work on mice. The book serves as a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students in neuroscience. Systematic consideration of the anatomy and connections of all regions of the brain and spinal cord by the authors of the most cited rodent brain atlases A major section (12 chapters) on functional systems related to motor control, sensation, and behavioral and emotional states A detailed analysis of gene expression during development of the forebrain by Luis Puelles, the leading researcher in this area Full coverage of the role of gene expression during development and the new field of genetic neuroanatomy using site-specific recombinases Examples of the use of mouse models in the study of neurological illness
