Download or read book Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-09-03 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates indicate that as many as 1 in 4 Americans will experience a mental health problem or will misuse alcohol or drugs in their lifetimes. These disorders are among the most highly stigmatized health conditions in the United States, and they remain barriers to full participation in society in areas as basic as education, housing, and employment. Improving the lives of people with mental health and substance abuse disorders has been a priority in the United States for more than 50 years. The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 is considered a major turning point in America's efforts to improve behavioral healthcare. It ushered in an era of optimism and hope and laid the groundwork for the consumer movement and new models of recovery. The consumer movement gave voice to people with mental and substance use disorders and brought their perspectives and experience into national discussions about mental health. However over the same 50-year period, positive change in American public attitudes and beliefs about mental and substance use disorders has lagged behind these advances. Stigma is a complex social phenomenon based on a relationship between an attribute and a stereotype that assigns undesirable labels, qualities, and behaviors to a person with that attribute. Labeled individuals are then socially devalued, which leads to inequality and discrimination. This report contributes to national efforts to understand and change attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that can lead to stigma and discrimination. Changing stigma in a lasting way will require coordinated efforts, which are based on the best possible evidence, supported at the national level with multiyear funding, and planned and implemented by an effective coalition of representative stakeholders. Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Evidence for Stigma Change explores stigma and discrimination faced by individuals with mental or substance use disorders and recommends effective strategies for reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek treatment and other supportive services. It offers a set of conclusions and recommendations about successful stigma change strategies and the research needed to inform and evaluate these efforts in the United States.

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 4 written by Vikram Patel and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mental, neurological, and substance use disorders are common, highly disabling, and associated with significant premature mortality. The impact of these disorders on the social and economic well-being of individuals, families, and societies is large, growing, and underestimated. Despite this burden, these disorders have been systematically neglected, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, with pitifully small contributions to scaling up cost-effective prevention and treatment strategies. Systematically compiling the substantial existing knowledge to address this inequity is the central goal of this volume. This evidence-base can help policy makers in resource-constrained settings as they prioritize programs and interventions to address these disorders.

Download or read book Australia s Health 2012 written by and published by AIHW. This book was released on 2012 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Understanding Pathophysiology ANZ adaptation written by Judy Craft and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2010-10-22 with total page 2926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new pathophysiology textbook specifically for Australian and New Zealand nursing studentsUnderstanding Pathophysiology provides nursing students with the optimal balance between science, clinical case material and pharmacology. With entrenched bio-medical terminology that can be difficult to relate to nursing practice, pathophysiology is a complex, though essential, component of all undergraduate nursing courses. Understanding Pathophysiology: ANZ Edition overcomes this difficulty by presenting the topic in an accessible manner appropriate to undergraduate nursing students in Australia and New Zealand. The book prioritises diseases relevant to nursing students and presents them according to prevalence and rate of incidence in Australia and New Zealand. This focused approach prepares students for the presentations they will experience in a clinical setting. Understanding Pathophysiology: ANZ Edition explores each body system first by structure and function, then by alteration. This establishes the physiology prior to addressing the diseases relative to the system and allows students to analyse and compare the normal versus altered state. This local edition of Understanding Pathophysiology incorporates a lifespan approach and explores contemporary health with specific chapters on stress, genes and the environment, obesity and diabetes, cancer, mental illness and Indigenous health issues. Clinical case studies are included in each chapter, with each patient case study highlighting the relevant medical symptoms of a given disease within a clinical setting. This is then analysed with respect to the relevancy of each symptom, their respective affect on body systems and the best course of pharmacological treatment. Elsevier’s Evolve website provides extensive support materials for students and lecturers. Also available for purchase with this textbook is an e-book, Pathophysiology Online – a set of online modules, and a mobile study guide application. • pathophysiology presented at an appropriate level for undergraduate nursing students in Australia and New Zealand • an adaptation of a US edition – Understanding Pathophysiology, 4th Edition • diseases are addressed according to prevalence, incidence and relevance • a ‘systems’ approach is incorporated with a ‘lifespan’ approach within the alterations chapters • a new section on contemporary health issues examines the effects of an aging population and lifestyle choices on a society’s overall health • new chapters on topics including homeostasis; genes and the environment; obesity and diabetes; mental health and Indigenous health issues • chapter outlines and key terms appear at the beginning of each chapter • concept maps provide visual representation of the key concepts addressed in each chapter • clinical case studies feature in each chapter to bring pathophysiology into practice • helpful ‘focus on learning’ boxes in each chapter • key terms are bolded in the text and listed in the glossary • summaries of main points feature in each chapter • review questions at chapter end are accompanied by answers provided online

Download or read book Facing Addiction in America written by Office of the Surgeon General and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All across the United States, individuals, families, communities, and health care systems are struggling to cope with substance use, misuse, and substance use disorders. Substance misuse and substance use disorders have devastating effects, disrupt the future plans of too many young people, and all too often, end lives prematurely and tragically. Substance misuse is a major public health challenge and a priority for our nation to address. The effects of substance use are cumulative and costly for our society, placing burdens on workplaces, the health care system, families, states, and communities. The Report discusses opportunities to bring substance use disorder treatment and mainstream health care systems into alignment so that they can address a person's overall health, rather than a substance misuse or a physical health condition alone or in isolation. It also provides suggestions and recommendations for action that everyone-individuals, families, community leaders, law enforcement, health care professionals, policymakers, and researchers-can take to prevent substance misuse and reduce its consequences.

Download or read book Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness written by Joris C. Verster and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-06 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug abuse and addiction are common in clinical practice. Often they interfere with patient treatment or require an alternative approach. Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment is a major contribution to the literature, a gold standard title offering a comprehensive range of topics for those who care for patients with addiction, conduct research in this area, or simply have an interest in the field. Offering state-of-the-art information for all those working with drug abusing or addicted patients, or for those interested in this topic from other research perspectives, the volume is a first of its kind book -- rich, comprehensive, yet focused, addressing the needs of the very active theoretical, basic, and clinical research in the field. Comprised of 46 chapters organized in four sections and developed by the leading international experts, Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment covers virtually every core, as well as contemporary, topic on addiction, from the established theories to the most modern research and development in the field. Enhancing the educational value of the volume, every chapter includes an abstract and two boxes summarizing learning objectives and directions for future research. Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment discusses the topic in a authoritative, systematic manner and is an indispensable reference for all clinicians and researchers interested in this rapidly changing field.

Download or read book Regulating Alcohol around the World written by Tiffany Bergin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the World Health Organization estimating that nearly four percent of global deaths are due to alcohol, alcohol misuse can be an extremely damaging social problem, and one that governments around the world have endeavored to address through a range of policy strategies. Regulating Alcohol around the World explores historical and contemporary case studies in multiple countries to gain a richer understanding of the political, economic, and other forces that influence alcohol-related policymaking. The case studies presented in the book investigate a range of different kinds of alcohol policies, including prohibition strategies, general efforts to reduce alcohol’s social harms, and more targeted policies. The explanatory value of leading theories from political science, policy studies, anthropology, and other fields is assessed, with particular reference to the influence of cultural and historical factors on approaches to alcohol regulation. The book adopts a global perspective and offers guidance for students, researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and other stakeholders about the lessons that can be learned from previous efforts to change alcohol policies. As such, it will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of health and alcohol abuse prevention, as well as scholars and students of social policy, criminology, and the sociology of health, addiction, and social problems.

Download or read book Behavioral Neurobiology of Alcohol Addiction written by Wolfgang Sommer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-28 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question how alcohol alters mood states and why this may end up becoming an addiction is puzzling alcohol researchers since decades. In this volume, an assembly of highly distinguished experts and leaders in alcohol addiction research provides lucid presentations of the current knowledge and research challenges as well as interesting viewpoints on future research directions aimed to stimulate communication and convergence between clinical and preclinical researchers, and to renew interest in the vibrant field of alcohol addiction research among a wide scientifically minded audience. Five Current Topics are discussed in this volume: Neurobiological mechanisms of alcoholism, Genetics, Clinical phenotypes and their preclinical models, Brain imaging, and Translational approaches for treatment development, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological. These areas have in our opinion brought alcohol research substantially forward and influenced our thinking about how to reach our common paramount goal, namely to offer effective treatment solutions for an extensive group of patients with largely unmet medical needs.

Download or read book Substance Abuse Disorders written by Hamid Ghodse and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-08 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substance abuse disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and are frequently comorbid with other psychiatric and health conditions and accompanied by social problems; however, they remain under-recognized and under-treated. Many physicians and mental health practitioners receive little-to-no training in the identification and treatment of these disorders. Approaches to their prevention include some of the major success stories in modern public health as well as some of the deepest controversies in public life. This new title in the WPA series Evidence and Experience in Psychiatry informs psychiatrists and a wide range of professional groups from health and social services about these disorders and their treatment and control. 'Highly Commended' in the Psychiatry section of the 2012 BMA Book Awards

Download or read book Applied Topics in Health Psychology written by Marie Louise Caltabiano and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-08-14 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This selection of in-depth, critical and comprehensive chapters on topical issues in applied health psychology features the work of key researchers and practitioners in the Australasian health system and deals with both theoretical and methodological aspects of the subject. The first health psychology text aimed specifically at regional postgraduate trainees Covers an array of topics and issues and focuses on applied aspects of clinical health and health promotion Includes both specialized topics and new frontiers of research Contextualizes health psychology teaching and learning for Australasian students

Download or read book Recreational Drug Consumption written by Pratima Ramful Srivastava and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-09 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recreational drug policies and regulations are complex issues with many dimensions. This book attempts to answer several questions raised in current drug policy debates. Developing cost-effective drug programs and policies require a sound knowledge of drug users and their characteristics and the relationship across drugs. Who are the drug users? Can demographic factors help towards predicting drug usage? What sub-population groups should be targeted for drug campaigns and educational programs? Can a drug policy aimed at discouraging the use of one drug likely to affect the use of other drugs which are its economic substitutes or complements? What are the implications of drug use? Policymakers and researchers in the area of health and social development would find this book very useful.

Download or read book Assessing Fitness for Military Enlistment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-02-27 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) faces short-term and long-term challenges in selecting and recruiting an enlisted force to meet personnel requirements associated with diverse and changing missions. The DoD has established standards for aptitudes/abilities, medical conditions, and physical fitness to be used in selecting recruits who are most likely to succeed in their jobs and complete the first term of service (generally 36 months). In 1999, the Committee on the Youth Population and Military Recruitment was established by the National Research Council (NRC) in response to a request from the DoD. One focus of the committee's work was to examine trends in the youth population relative to the needs of the military and the standards used to screen applicants to meet these needs. When the committee began its work in 1999, the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force had recently experienced recruiting shortfalls. By the early 2000s, all the Services were meeting their goals; however, in the first half of calendar year 2005, both the Army and the Marine Corps experienced recruiting difficulties and, in some months, shortfalls. When recruiting goals are not being met, scientific guidance is needed to inform policy decisions regarding the advisability of lowering standards and the impact of any change on training time and cost, job performance, attrition, and the health of the force. Assessing Fitness for Military Enlistment examines the current physical, medical, and mental health standards for military enlistment in light of (1) trends in the physical condition of the youth population; (2) medical advances for treating certain conditions, as well as knowledge of the typical course of chronic conditions as young people reach adulthood; (3) the role of basic training in physical conditioning; (4) the physical demands and working conditions of various jobs in today's military services; and (5) the measures that are used by the Services to characterize an individual's physical condition. The focus is on the enlistment of 18- to 24-year-olds and their first term of service.

Download or read book The New Governance of Addictive Substances and Behaviours written by Peter Anderson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the findings of a five year project studying the pace and impact of addictions in Europe, this work deconstructs the failures and promises of European governance polices for reducing the harm done by legal and illegal drugs and posits a nine point plan as a way forward to redesign addictions governance

Download or read book Public Health and Plain Packaging of Cigarettes written by Tania Voon and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Voon, Mitchell, and Liberman offer a penetrating analysis of the monumental struggle against smoking in the 21st century – the leading preventable cause of death in the world. Their book is undoubtedly the seminal scholarly examination of plain packaging of tobacco products. "Big Tobacco" is challenging plain packaging rules in trade, investment, and constitutional forums around the world. It is simply impossible to understand the law, policy, and profound social implications of tobacco control without this masterful text.' – Lawrence O. Gostin, Georgetown University and World Health Organization Centre on Public Health Law and Human Rights, US 'This book is a "must read" for anyone interested in tobacco regulation at the international level. Written by an impressive array of experts in a variety of fields, it deals with international rules on trade, investment, intellectual property, and public health, as well as constitutional issues in Australia – at the vanguard of plain packaging of tobacco – and other jurisdictions. It is an informative and timely guide to current debates on these important issues.' – Lorand Bartels, University of Cambridge, UK 'This book provides a definitive account of Australia's pioneering public health legislation on the plain packaging of tobacco products. the regime was designed to implement the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and address the impacts of "the tobacco epidemic". A number of nation states plan on emulating Australia's exemplary regime. In a panic, the tobacco industry has sought to challenge the plain packaging of tobacco products under both Australian constitutional and administrative law, and international trade, investment, and intellectual property laws. This book provides a lucid, thoughtful, and intelligent analysis of the "mega-litigation" over the plain packaging of tobacco products, and highlights the necessity for public health measures in this area. It is a timely and prescient work.' – Matthew Rimmer, the Australian National University College of Law and ACIPA, Australia Tobacco use represents a critical global health challenge. the World Health Organization estimates that tobacco kills nearly 6 million people a year, with the toll expected to rise to 8 million annually over the next two decades. This detailed book, written by health and legal experts from institutions around the globe, examines legal issues arising from Australia's world-first introduction of mandatory plain packaging of tobacco products. the book offers an in-depth exploration of relevant domestic and international legal questions in fields such as intellectual property, constitutional law, health, trade and investment. the authors' analysis sheds light on broader questions relating to the capacity of governments to regulate tobacco products and the tobacco industry, and to regulate in the interests of public health more generally. the answers to these questions are of vital interest not only to Australia but also to the international community, with states' regulatory sovereignty increasingly being challenged in local and international courts and tribunals. This timely study is designed to assist international organisations, NGOs, policymakers, and scholars in law, medicine and health-related areas. Health professionals and advisors will also find much of interest here.

Download or read book Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.

Download or read book Addiction Neuroethics written by Adrian Carter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-11-17 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addiction is a significant health and social problem and one of the largest preventable causes of disease globally. Neuroscience promises to revolutionise our ability to treat addiction, lead to recognition of addiction as a 'real' disorder in need of medical treatment and thereby reduce stigma and discrimination. However, neuroscience raises numerous social and ethical challenges: • If addicted individuals are suffering from a brain disease that drives them to drug use, should we mandate treatment? • Does addiction impair an individual's ability to consent to research or treatment? • How will neuroscience affect social policies towards drug use? Addiction Neuroethics addresses these challenges by examining ethical implications of emerging neurobiological treatments, including: novel psychopharmacology, neurosurgery, drug vaccines to prevent relapse, and genetic screening to identify individuals who are vulnerable to addiction. Essential reading for academics, clinicians, researchers and policy-makers in the fields of addiction, mental health and public policy.

Download or read book Global Handbook of Health Promotion Research Vol 1 written by Louise Potvin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-13 with total page 869 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While research teams are producing relevant and valid knowledge for health promotion, there is not yet a structured manual and distinct field of health promotion research. This timely "state-of-the-art" handbook contributes to the structuring of such a field of research. This collection of original contributions explores the major epistemological, methodological, and ethical challenges facing health promotion research. It brings together experts from different "research traditions" that coexist in the field. The handbook covers the existing knowledge production and sharing practices to delineate the "discipline" and its agenda for future research. Ultimately, it contributes to the creation of a global community of health promotion researchers. The handbook is organized by four types of practices (what people actually do) studied in health promotion; the practices of: Individuals and populations in relation to their health and its determinants Professionals who intervene to improve population health Policy-makers and institutions involved in the advocacy, design, and implementation of policies and programs Researchers and innovators (academic scholars and global agencies) through which investment in research and production of evidence-based guidelines are made. Global Handbook of Health Promotion Research, Vol. 1: Mapping Health Promotion Research is a highly relevant reference tool for researchers and graduate students in health promotion, public health, education and socio-health sciences; practitioners in health, medical, and social sectors; policy-makers; and health research administrators.