Download or read book The Control of NATO Nuclear Forces in Europe During the Cold War written by Marco Carnovale and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-12-09 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the development of command and control systems for nuclear weapons in NATO Europe during the Cold War. This is a reprint of his book originally published in 1993.The United States and Europe had for a long time stressed different aspects of their common concern for the control of nuclear forces. The US mostly feared a failure of negative control, ie the possibility of accidental or inadvertent use. The Europeans shared this concern but emphasized the need for reliable positive control of the deterrent, ie the assurance that it would function as planned in an emergency. Unsurprisingly, American views prevailed, and moved the UK and France to develop their own national deterrent.Written at the end of the cold war, this book argued for the creation of a European deterrent, integrated with NATO, on the basis of the French and UK forces. Since then, these two countries have repeatedly discussed this issue, and that is why, twenty-five years after it was written, the conclusions of this book are still relevant for current policy. Renewed US unilateralism after the election of president Trump reinforces the notion that in the nuclear weapons domain, as in others, the Europeans should take more responsibility.The author holds a PhD in Defense Studies from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and is a retired member of the international staff at NATO Headquarters.

Download or read book Nuclear Command and Control in NATO written by S. Gregory and published by Springer. This book was released on 1995-12-18 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than forty years NATO premised its defence on credible nuclear deterrence. Underwriting this deterrence was NATO's strategy and the nuclear weapons and command and control systems intended to make the strategy an operational reality. This book examines NATO's attempts between 1952 and 1990 to achieve the political and military control of nuclear weapons operations in a multinational organisation. By using case-studies of US, British, French and NATO nuclear weapons operations and empirical evidence from Cold War crises it provides an analysis of NATO's experience and offers insights for the present day.

Download or read book The Nuclear Confrontation in Europe written by Jeffrey H. Boutwell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1985, this book explores the nuclear confrontation between East and West in Europe: where we stand, how we got there and what the future may hold. Its concluding chapter outlines the prospects for nuclear arms control in Europe, and it frames the debate over NATO strategy and the role of nuclear weapons in the years ahead. Can NATO reduce its reliance on nuclear weapons? Can it cope with the issues at all? The chapters on NATO theatre nuclear forces and doctrine provide a rich background to current policy issues. The public debate over NATO’s 1979 decision to deploy new American cruise and Pershing nuclear missiles in Europe was hardly unprecedented in NATO’s history: similar controversy surrounded NATO deliberations in the late 1950s and early 1960s. That debate, however, subsided in the mid-1960s; the nuclear question in Europe was relegated to the ‘wilderness’, though efforts – largely unavailing – continued within official circles to define more clearly the role of nuclear weapons in NATO’s defense. Against this backdrop, the nuclear debate emerged again in the 1970s. This title unravels the military and political considerations at play in that debate and maps the European politics surrounding it. Today it can be read in its historical context.

Download or read book The Crisis in Western Security written by Lawrence S. Hagen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-01-26 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 1982, examines the crisis of détente in Europe and between the superpowers, the crisis in arms control, and the heightening of tensions within NATO, and analyses the central precepts of Western policy and thought in these areas. These crises are examined in terms of the trends, thought and action in the area of Western security. In particular, the concept of strategic stability, the assumptions behind arms control, and between arms control and security policy, are critically analysed.

Download or read book Shadows of War written by Christoph Bluth and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2020-11-30 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The military dimension of the Cold War was characterised by the strategic nuclear stand-off between the United States and the Soviet Union as well as the large-scale regional military confrontation in Central Europe. As part of the process of East-West détente there was an effort to address the risks of war in Europe by means of an arms control process referred to as MBFR (Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions). The true purposes and intentions of both sides (NATO and the Warsaw Pact) in these negotiations have so far not been fully understood. This book is based on path-breaking archival research that clarifies the objectives and tactics of the parties to the negotiations and the reasons for why the negotiations ended without an agreement. It makes a major new contribution to the understanding of Cold War History.

Download or read book US Military Strategy and the Cold War Endgame written by Stephen J. Cimbala and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the end of the Cold War security concerns are more about regional and civil conflicts than nuclear or Eurasian global wars. Stephen Cimbala argues that deterrence characteristics of the pre-Cold War period will in the 21st century again become normative.

Download or read book The Control Of Nato Nuclear Forces In Europe written by Marco Carnovale and published by Westview Press. This book was released on 1993-02-17 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, the author examines the development of command and control systems for nuclear weapons in NATO Europe and finds them to be flawed. The author proposes to modify the current arrangements by enhancing Europe's role while simultaneously reducing NATO's nuclear arsenal.

Download or read book Tactical Nuclear Weapons and NATO written by Douglas T. Stuart and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: is understudied, both inside and outside of government. Tactical weapons, although less awesome than their strategic siblings, carry significant security and political risks, and they have not received the attention that is commensurate to their importance. Second, it is clear that whatever the future of these arms, the status quo is unacceptable. It is past the time for NATO to make more resolute decisions, find a coherent strategy, and formulate more definite plans about its nuclear status. Consequently, decisions about the role of nuclear weapons within the Alliance and the associated supporting analysis are fundamental to the future identity of NATO. At the Lisbon Summit in Portugal in November 2010, the Alliance agreed to conduct the Deterrence and Defense Posture Review (DDPR). This effort is designed to answer these difficult questions prior to the upcoming NATO Summit in May 2012.

Download or read book Tactical Nuclear Weapons and NATO written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "NATO has been a "nuclear" alliance since its inception. Nuclear weapons have served the dual purpose of being part of NATO military planning as well as being central to the Alliance's deterrence strategy. For over 4 decades, NATO allies sought to find conventional and nuclear forces, doctrines, and agreed strategies that linked the defense of Europe to that of the United States. Still, in light of the evolving security situation, the Alliance must now consider the role and future of tactical or non-strategic nuclear weapons (NSNWs). Two clear conclusions emerge from this analysis. First, in the more than 2 decades since the end of the Cold War, the problem itself -- that is, the question of what to do with weapons designed in a previous century for the possibility of a World War III against a military alliance that no longer exists -- is understudied, both inside and outside of government. Tactical weapons, although less awesome than their strategic siblings, carry significant security and political risks, and they have not received the attention that is commensurate to their importance. Second, it is clear that whatever the future of these arms, the status quo is unacceptable. It is past the time for NATO to make more resolute decisions, find a coherent strategy, and formulate more definite plans about its nuclear status. Consequently, decisions about the role of nuclear weapons within the Alliance and the associated supporting analysis are fundamental to the future identity of NATO. At the Lisbon Summit in Portugal in November 2010, the Alliance agreed to conduct the Deterrence and Defense Posture Review (DDPR). This effort is designed to answer these difficult questions prior to the upcoming NATO Summit in May 2012. The United States and its closest allies must define future threats and, in doing so, clarify NATO's identity, purpose, and corresponding force requirements. So far, NATO remains a "nuclear alliance," but it is increasingly hard to define what that means."--Publisher's website.

Download or read book Nuclear Command and Control in NATO written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than forty years NATO premised its defence on credible nuclear deterrence. Underwriting this deterrence was NATO's strategy and the nuclear weapons and command and control systems intended to make the strategy an operational reality. This book examines NATO's attempts between 1952 and 1990 to achieve the political and military control of nuclear weapons operations in a multinational organisation. By using case-studies of US, British, French and NATO nuclear weapons operations and empirical evidence from Cold War crises it provides an analysis of NATO's experience and offers insights for the present day.

Download or read book NATO in the First Decade after the Cold War written by Martin A. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an original and distinct analysis of NATO's post-Cold War evolution. Unlike so much of the available literature, it is not focused on what in the author's opinion NATO should be doing now that the Cold War is over. Rather, the author offers a comprehensive analysis and overview of the extent to which NATO can undertake new roles, tasks and missions in light of the extent to which it has retained significance and vitality as an international institution. The book's originality also lies in the way in which the author discusses NATO's adaptation within a framework provided by international relations theory, and in particular concepts which stress the role and importance of transnational political processes and international regimes. So far these have been little used in the analysis of military security relations and institutions. The book will be of interest to those researching and teaching international relations, European politics and security studies, as well as all those seeking a better understanding of the post-Cold War survival and development of a key international security institution.

Download or read book The Future of Extended Deterrence written by Stéfanie von Hlatky and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-04 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are NATO’s mutual security commitments strong enough today to deter all adversaries? Is the nuclear umbrella as credible as it was during the Cold War? Backed by the full range of US and allied military capabilities, NATO’s mutual defense treaty has been enormously successful, but today’s commitments are strained by military budget cuts and antinuclear sentiment. The United States has also shifted its focus away from European security during the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and more recently with the Asia rebalance. Will a resurgent Russia change this? The Future of Extended Deterrence brings together experts and scholars from the policy and academic worlds to provide a theoretically rich and detailed analysis of post–Cold War nuclear weapons policy, nuclear deterrence, alliance commitments, nonproliferation, and missile defense in NATO but with implications far beyond. The contributors analyze not only American policy and ideas but also the ways NATO members interpret their own continued political and strategic role in the alliance. In-depth and multifaceted, The Future of Extended Deterrence is an essential resource for policy practitioners and scholars of nuclear deterrence, arms control, missile defense, and the NATO alliance.

Download or read book Nuclear Deterrence in Europe written by James T. Quinlivan and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2011-08-05 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through a variety of policies and actions--and most recently in a new military doctrine adopted in February 2010--Russia has indicated the types of situations and threats that might cause it to resort to using nuclear weapons. This volume examines Russia's evolving framework for nuclear deterrence and its implications for U.S. military operations in Europe.

Download or read book Nuclear Policies in Europe written by Bruno Tertrais and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While international security has radically changed since 1989, nuclear weapons remain a subject of debate and contention. This paper provides an analytical framework for understanding post-Cold War Europe's strategic debates. It offers insights into Europe's national nuclear policies and perspectives. It examines the possible outcomes of current debates, and gives policy recommendations for managing the new nuclear debates faced by Europe, and by NATO.

Download or read book The Future of the U S Soviet Nuclear Relationship written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States and the Soviet Union could drastically reduce their nuclear arsenals below the levels prescribed by the new Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START). The end of the Cold War and the transformation of international security now under way present the United States with opportunities to develop new policies based on greater international cooperation with the Soviet Union and other major powers. This new book describes two lower levels of nuclear forces that could be achieved, as well as other related measures to improve international security.

Download or read book Transforming NATO in the Cold War written by Andreas Wenger and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-11-22 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive history of NATO in the 1960s, based on the systematic use of multinational archival evidence. This new book is the result of a gathering of leading Cold War historians from both sides of the Atlantic, including Jeremi Suri, Erin Mahan, and Leopoldo Nuti. It shows in great detail how the transformation of NATO since 1991 has opened up new perspectives on the alliance’s evolution during the Cold War. Viewed in retrospect, the 1960s were instrumental to the strengthening of NATO's political clout, which proved to be decisive in winning the Cold War – even more so than NATO's defense and deterrence capabilities. In addition, it shows that NATO increasingly served as a hub for state, institutional, transnational, and individual actors in that decade. Contributions to the book highlight the importance of NATO's ability to generate "soft power", the scope and limits of alliance consultation, the important role of common transatlantic values, and the growing influence of small allies. NATO's survival in the crucial 1960s provides valuable lessons for the current bargaining on the purpose and cohesion of the alliance. This book will be of much interest to students of international history, Cold War studies and strategic studies.

Download or read book Atomic Diplomacy written by Gar Alperovitz and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: