Download or read book The Ecole Normale Sup rieure and the Third Republic written by Robert J. Smith and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1981-06-30 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ecole Normale Supérieure was founded during the Revolutionary era to dominate the educational structure of France. During the Third Republic, the French academic elite trained at the Ecole Normale Supérieure greatly expanded its national role and enhanced its prestige and influence. In this book, the first full treatment of the social and political history of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in recent times, Robert J. Smith has examined the changing world of the normaliens under the Third Republic and their new, but temporary, cultural and political importance. His comparative study of the social origins, education, political ideas, and careers of the normaliens and students of other grandes écoles documents the segmented character of French elites and indicates the evolution of French society during this period.
Download or read book Women and the Politics of Education in Third Republic France written by Linda L. Clark and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Third Republic France (1870-1940), the directrice of a normal school (école normale) for training women teachers was the most important woman representative of public primary education in each department. Her role was central to the republican educational project designed to bolster the establishment of a stable democracy after the Franco-Prussian War. The laicization of public education figured prominently in republican efforts to combat the old alliance of "throne and altar" favoring monarchy and religious instruction in public schools. Although laymen taught most boys in public schools by 1870, many nuns staffed separate girls' public schools. Thus an 1879 law mandated new departmental normal schools to train lay women teachers. This study of 313 normal school directrices between 1879 and 1940, an important group of professional women not previously studied, explores the challenges they encountered and their responses. Often the target of political hostility, they defended republican schooling as they interacted with local notables and authorities. In an educational system divided by social class as well as by gender, they trained teachers for "children of the people" attending free primary schools, separate from the elite and less numerous secondary schools. Directrices were expected to be role models for women teachers and to emphasize women's duties as wives and mothers, yet their careers exemplified an alternative to domesticity at a time of much debate about women's appropriate roles. Eventually some pushed against the boundaries of prevailing gender norms as they also joined professional, philanthropic, and feminist associations and sometimes publicly supported women's suffrage. Women and the Politics of Education in Third Republic France deftly examines the history of these women and the nature of their contributions to French society.
Download or read book The Decline of the Third Republic 1914 1938 written by Philippe Bernard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1988-02-26 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed account of the Third Republic in France between the outbreak and conduct of the First World War and the fall of Leon Blum's Front Populaire soon after Hitler's invasion and annexation of Austria in 1938. Following the trauma of war, France slipped into the "era of illusions" which despite the comparative prosperity of the 1920s led to the slump and the severe social and economic unrest of the 1930s. The short-lived experiment of Blum's Front Populaire gave way to more conservatively-based ministries, but by 1938 a new common enemy began to draw together the political opinion of the country.
Download or read book Debating the Woman Question in the French Third Republic 1870 1920 written by Karen Offen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-11 with total page 711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Karen Offen offers a magisterial reconstruction and analysis of the debates around relations between women and men, how they are constructed, and how they should be organized, that raged in France and its French-speaking neighbors from 1870 to 1920. The 'woman question' encompassed subjects from maternity and childbirth, and the upbringing and education of girls to marriage practices and property law, the organization of households, the distribution of work inside and outside the household, intimate sexual relations, religious beliefs and moral concerns, government-sanctioned prostitution, economic and political citizenship, and the politics of population growth. The book shows how the expansion of economic opportunities for women and the drop in the birth rate further exacerbated the debates over their status, roles, and possibilities. With the onset of the First World War, these debates were temporarily placed on hold, but they would be revived by 1916 and gain momentum during France's post-war recovery.
Download or read book Teaching the Cult of Literature in the French Third Republic written by M. Guiney and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-09-17 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores literature in its role as a sacred text within the confines of 19th-century French primary and secondary education, helping the school to take over the role of spiritual authority from the Catholic Church.
Download or read book Contributions to L Ann e Sociologique written by Emile Durkheim and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2008-06-30 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These reviews, notices, and introductory sections by a major figure in intellectual history represent more than a decade of effort to define and clarify a new form of scientific investigation. Together, they offer a suggestive new picture of Emile Durkheim as "Scholarch" of the "French School" and master of a whole school of social thought. For fifteen years, Emile Durkheim worked on the journal L'Annee Sociologique—selecting, editing, writing, and shaping the goals and methods of the "French School" of sociology. Now, Durkheim's own contributions to L'Annee are available in English. Classified and explained by Durkheim scholar Yash Nandan, this useful collection clarifies the role of L'Annee Sociologique in the development of scientific sociology; the position of L'Annee in the body of Durkheim's own work and the development of Durkheim's ideas; the importance and function of Durkheim's categories of sociological data; Durkheim's view of contemporaries, including Simmel, Westermarck, Tarde, Glotz, and Steinmetz; the exchange of ideas between historians and the L'Annee group; and the reasons for L'Annee's reputation as a unique publication in the history of sociology. Professor Nandan has organized this material according to Durkheim's own classification system, with major sections on the concepts and methodologies of general, juridic, and moral sociology, criminal sociology, and the statistics on morals. Subdivisions treat issues in law, suicide, social, political, and domestic organization, juridic and moral systems, the social contexts of crime, the sociology of knowledge, political sociology, social history, and historical sociology.
Download or read book Writing History in the Third Republic written by Isabel Noronha-DiVanna and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2010-02-19 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Writing History in the Third Republic offers new insight to the historiographical output of French historians between 1860 and 1914, a period often referred to as of positivistic historians or the école méthodique. Asserting their independence from Germanic influence by emphasising the French element in their work, historians in the period described their approach as methodical and positivistic and maintained that this was a distinctively French way of studying history. A heightened concern with sources, with facts as basis for all true knowledge, and with truth itself were unifying elements of the historiography of those historians now called école méthodique. The école represented the most sophisticated theoretical considerations about history and a method for historical studies in French academia in the late nineteenth century. The purpose of this book is to reassess whether or not this school is legitimately to be seen as having emerged in the Third Republic in response to political developments of nineteenth-century France, or if the so-called méthodiques share more in terms of philosophy of history and methodology than previously emphasized by scholars. This book contributes to the debate surrounding the role of history and its method, offering a counter-argument to postmodernist scholars while reassessing the contribution of twentieth-century theorists of history to the history of historiography.
Download or read book Traces 5 Universities in Translation written by Brett de Bary and published by Hong Kong University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fate of the university has become an object of urgent concern for academics in many disciplines around the globe, as higher education has been commercialized by the global movement to “reform” toward new managerial structures common in business and industry. In English-language academic publishing, the future of the university has attracted the attention of critical theorists, but most works discussing the effects of profit-oriented corporatization on curriculum and pedagogy have focused on North America. Drawing on examples of university restructuring in China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Korea, Mexico, Singapore, Taiwan, Russia, and the United States, these trenchantpersonal essays take global transformation of the university in the age of informatic capital as an urgent question. Prominent scholars in humanities, cultural studies, translation, critical theory and postcolonial studies discuss theemergence of cognitive capitalism, neo-colonialism and the hegemony of academic English, academic freedom, and the rise of new, exploitative regimes of self-management that have implicated the university in a profound reorganization of labor dissolving distinctions between the “mental” and “manual.”
Download or read book Generation Existential written by Ethan Kleinberg and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When we think of Heidegger's influence in France, we tend to focus on such contemporary thinkers as Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, and Jean-François Lyotard. In Generation Existential, Ethan Kleinberg shifts the focus to the initial reception of Heidegger's philosophy in France by those who first encountered it. Kleinberg explains the appeal of Heidegger's philosophy to French thinkers, as well as the ways they incorporated and expanded on it in their own work through the interwar, Second World War, and early postwar periods. In so doing, Kleinberg offers new insights into intellectual figures whose influence on modern French philosophy has been enormous, including some whose thought remains under-explored outside France. Among Kleinberg's "generation existential" are Jean Beaufret, the only member of the group whom one could characterize as "a Heideggerian"; Maurice Blanchot; Alexandre Kojéve; Emmanuel Levinas; and Jean-Paul Sartre. In showing how each of these figures engaged with Heidegger, Kleinberg helps us to understand how the philosophy of this right-wing thinker had such a profound influence on intellectuals of the left. Furthermore, Kleinberg maintains that our view of Heidegger's influence on contemporary thought is contingent on our comprehension of the ways in which his philosophy was initially understood, translated, and incorporated into the French philosophical canon by this earlier generation.
Download or read book Samuel Beckett written by Andrew Gibson and published by Reaktion Books. This book was released on 2009-11-01 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Writer Samuel Beckett (1906–89) is known for depicting a world of abject misery, failure, and absurdity in his many plays, novels, short stories, and poetry. Yet the despair in his work is never absolute, instead it is intertwined with black humor and an indomitable will to endure––characteristics best embodied by his most famous characters, Vladimir and Estragon, in the play Waiting for Godot. Beckett himself was a supremely modern, minimalist writer who deeply distrusted biographies and resisted letting himself be pigeonholed by easy interpretation or single definition. Andrew Gibson’s accessible critical biography overcomes Beckett’s reticence and carefully considers the writer’s work in relation to the historical circumstances of his life. In Samuel Beckett, Gibson tracks Beckett from Ireland after independence to Paris in the late 1920s, from London in the ’30s to Nazi Germany and Vichy France, and finally through the cold war to the fall of communism in the late ’80s. Gibson narrates the progression of Beckett’s life as a writer—from a student in Ireland to the 1969 Nobel Prize winner for literature—through chapters that examine individual historical events and the works that grew out of those experiences. A notoriously private figure, Beckett sought refuge from life in his work, where he expressed his disdain for the suffering and unnecessary absurdity of much that he witnessed. This concise and engaging biography provides an essential understanding of Beckett's work in response to many of the most significant events of the past century.
Download or read book Catholic and French Forever written by Joseph F. Byrnes and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joseph Byrnes recounts the fights and reconciliations between French citizens who found Catholicism integral to their traditional French identity and those who found the continued presence of Catholicism an obstacle to both happiness and progress.
Download or read book Global Minority Rights written by Joshua Castellino and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important volume brings together a range of material in different areas of law and the social sciences that address questions concerning the rights of minorities. The discipline is arguably one of the oldest branches of public international law, and owes its heritage to those who struggled to create standards to protect the numerically inferior and non-dominant communities from the excesses of the majority. While reflecting this rich heritage, the works contained in this volume show the extent to which policy constructs (especially in law) have begun to pay heed to the need to include minorities in different domestic settings across the globe. To provide readers with a structured approach to understanding global minority rights law the editor divides the issues into six main headings, namely: Historical Development; Conceptual Development; Contemporary Challenges; Fundamental Norms of Minority Protection; Specific Rights of Minorities; Human Rights and Minority Rights.
Download or read book The Search for Social Peace written by Judith F. Stone and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1985-08-01 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last one hundred years, programmatic social reform legislation has increasingly been accepted as an essential economic, social and political component of advanced capitalist nations. The Search for Social Peace investigates the reform movement in Francefrom its origins in the 1890s until the First World Warand details the struggle to end class conflict and achieve social peace. Who the reformers were, what they argued and how successful they were in fulfilling their promises are among the questions answered in The Search for Social Peace. Facing the pressures of an industrializing economy and the rise of an active, enfranchised working class, French reformers coalesced into a parliamentary force which, by 1910, could claim passage of a number of major reform laws. Judith Stone examines the results of this reform effort and demonstrates why legislation failed to alter deeply entrenched patterns in labor relations. Her study deepens our understanding of the social and political stalemate during the Third Republic. Social legislation, its cost and impact on the labor market and labor relations, is again the subject of intense debate. The current political climate makes all the more relevant the earlier reform effort, its supporters, their goals, their opponentsall of which are covered in this lucid work.
Download or read book The Third Republic from Its Origins to the Great War 1871 1914 written by Jean-Marie Mayeur and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1984 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed account of French history from the oripins of the Thrid Republic, born out of the collapse of Napoleon III's Second Empire, to the coming of the Great WAr in 1914. Part 1 begins with the fall of the "notables" and the victory of the republicans. Then follows a picture of the economy and society of late nineteenth-century France, and an examination of spiritual and cultural development under the increasing threat from nationalist and socialist forces. The moderates' brief ascendancy at the end of the century followed by the extreme sentiments unleashed at the time of the Dreyfus affair, brings the story in Part 2 to a more passionately political period, when the republic finallynbecame established as a bulwark of bourgeois prosperity, witnessing the rise of the banks and big business, and the dangerous revival of colonial expansion.
Download or read book Emile Durkheim written by Peter Hamilton and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1995 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Madame le Professeur written by Jo Burr Margadant and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collective biography of France's first generation of female secondary schoolteachers, this book examines the conflict between their public and private lives and places their new professional standing wtihin the political culture of the Third Republic. Jo Burr Margadant charts the responses of women who attended the nornmal school of Sevres during the 1880s to their roles as teachers and subordinates in the public school system, their plight as outsiders in the social community, and their gains toward educational reforms. These women emerge as pioneers struggling to forge careers in an elite profession, which was separate and inferior to its male equivalent and also controlled by men. Margadant explains that the first women teacher in girls' colleges and lycees were expected to project an intellectually assertive presence in the classroom while maintaining a maternal solicitude toward students and a modest, self-effacing style with superiors. Many who succeeded progressed to administrative jobs and, in some cases, filled official posts left vacant by men during the First World War. The author shows how these achievements led to the transformations of girls' secondary schools into replicas of those for boys and to equal treatment for women and men in the teaching profession. Jo Burr Margadant is Lecturer in History at Santa Clara University. Originally published in 1990. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Download or read book Writing the History of the Mind written by Cristina Chimisso and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-11 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For much of the twentieth century, French intellectual life was dominated by theoreticians and historians of mentalité. Traditionally, the study of the mind and of its limits and capabilities was the domain of philosophy, however in the first decades of the twentieth century practitioners of the emergent human and social sciences were increasingly competing with philosophers in this field: ethnologists, sociologists, psychologists and historians of science were all claiming to study 'how people think'. Scholars, including Gaston Bachelard, Georges Canguilhem, Léon Brunschvicg, Lucien Lévy-Bruhl, Lucien Febvre, Abel Rey, Alexandre Koyré and Hélène Metzger were all investigating the mind historically and participating in shared research projects. Yet, as they have since been appropriated by the different disciplines, literature on their findings has so far failed to recognise the connections between their research and their importance in intellectual history. In this exemplary book, Cristina Chimisso reconstructs the world of these intellectuals and the key debates in the philosophy of mind, particularly between those who studied specific mentalities by employing prevalently historical and philological methods, and those who thought it possible to write a history of the mind, outlining the evolution of ways of thinking that had produced the modern mentality. Dr Chimisso situates the key French scholars in their historical context and shows how their ideas and agendas were indissolubly linked with their social and institutional positions, such as their political and religious allegiances, their status in academia, and their familial situation. The author employs a vast range of original research, using philosophical and scientific texts as well as archive documents, correspondence and seminar minutes from the period covered, to recreate the milieu in which these relatively neglected scholars made advances in the history of philosophy and science, and produced
