Download or read book The British Press and the Greek Crisis 1943 1949 written by Gioula Koutsopanagou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-01 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first detailed analysis of how interactions between government policy and Fleet Street affected the political coverage of the Greek civil war, one of the first major confrontations of the Cold War. During this period the exponential growth of media influence was an immensely potent weapon of psychological warfare. Throughout the 1940s the press maintained its position as the most powerful medium and its influence remained unchallenged. The documentary record shows that a British media consensus was more fabricated than spontaneous, and the tools of media persuasion and manipulation were extremely important in building acceptance for British foreign policy. Gioula Koutsopanagou examines how this media consensus was influenced and molded by the British government and how Foreign Office channels were key to molding public attitudes to British foreign policy. These channels included system of briefings given by the News Department to the diplomatic correspondents, and the contacts between embassies and the British foreign correspondents.
Download or read book The British press and Greek politics 1943 1949 written by Panagioula Koutsopanagou and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The British Council and Anglo Greek Literary Interactions 1945 1955 written by Peter Mackridge and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, and with British political influence over Greece soon to be ceded to the United States, there was a considerable degree of cultural interaction between Greek and British literati. Sponsored or assisted by the British Council, this interaction was notable for its diversity and quality alike. Indeed, the British Council in Greece made a more significant contribution to local culture in that period than at any other time, and perhaps in any other country. Many of the participants – among them Patrick Leigh Fermor, Steven Runciman, and Louis MacNeice – are well known, while others deserve to be better known than they are today. But what has been less fully discussed, and what the volume sets out to do, is to explore the two-way relations between Greek and British literary production in which the British Council played a particularly important role until the outbreak of armed conflict in Cyprus in 1955, which rendered further contacts of this kind difficult. Close attention is paid to the variety of ways – marked by personal affinities and allegiances, but also by political tensions – in which the British Council functioned as an agent of interaction in a climate where a complex blend of traditional Anglophilia or Philhellenism found itself encountering a new post-war and Cold War environment. What is distinctive about the volume, beyond the inclusion of much recent archival research, is its attention to the British Council as part of the story of Greek letters, and not just as a place in which various British men and women of letters worked. The British Council found itself, sometimes more through improvisation and personal affinities than through careful planning, at the heart of some key developments, notably in terms of important periodical publications which had a lasting influence on Greek letters. Though in the cultural forum that influence was arguably to be less pervasive than that of France, with its more ambitious cultural outreach, or than that of the USA in later decades, the role of the British Council in Greece in this crucial period of Greek (and indeed European) post-war history continues to make a rich case study in cultural politics. This volume thus fills a gap in the rich bibliography on Anglo-Greek relations and contributes to a wider scholarly and public discussion about cultural politics.
Download or read book Civil Wars of the World 2 volumes written by Karl DeRouen Jr. and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2007-05-10 with total page 995 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique two-volume reference is the most authoritative, up-to-date resource available for information and data on the most volatile civil wars around the globe since World War II. At a time when historians are devoting more and more research to conflicts within nations, Civil Wars of the World: Major Conflicts since World War II is an invaluable addition to the available resources. In two volumes, it ranges around the globe to cover the most volatile and deadly civil wars of the past 60 years, including the bloody impasses in the Middle East; devastating tribal warfare in Africa; Cold War–fueled conflicts in Eastern Europe and Asia; the seemingly unbreakable cycle of rebellion and repression in some regions of Latin America; and more. Civil Wars of the World moves country by country to describe the causes, course, and consequences of internal conflicts within each nation. Coverage includes the historical background of each country, geographic and economic factors, descriptions of rebel groups and governments (e.g., regime type, size of military, capacity), terrorism, foreign and/or intergovernmental organization (IGO) intervention (UN, foreign support for rebels), foreign aid, and prospects for peace.
Download or read book Head Hunters in the Malayan Emergency written by Dan Poole and published by Pen and Sword Military. This book was released on 2023-12-30 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Head Hunters in the Malayan Emergency investigates the infamous political scandal sparked after horrific photographs of war crimes during the Malayan Emergency were leaked to the British press. These photographs depicted British forces and their allies in Malaya scalping corpses and posing with decapitated human heads. The subsequent scandal, involving British generals, police, trade unions, and even Winston Churchill, led to the further discoveries that British forces had deployed over 1,000 men from Bornean headhunting tribes to Malaya, were publicly displaying corpses to terrify Malaya's civilian population into submission, and that photographs of such atrocities had become popular souvenirs among British troops. Using newly uncovered photographs, eyewitness accounts, and government documents, this research is the first ever attempt by any historian to create a complete history of the British-Malayan Headhunting Scandal, its political consequences, the stories of those involved, and its attempted cover-up.
Download or read book Britain and the Greek Economic Crisis 1944 1947 written by Athanasios Lykogiannis and published by University of Missouri Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In October 1944, the National Unity Government of newly liberated Greece faced a severe inflationary crisis. Although Greece could count on considerable assistance and advice from its allies, particularly Great Britain, much depended on Greece's own actions and its determination to restore economic normality. Success was meager, and by the time the British pulled out of Greece in the spring of 1947, economic stability remained elusive. Britain and the Greek Economic Crisis, 1944-1947 concentrates on Anglo-Greek interactions in economic matters during the political and economic turmoil between the Axis occupation of Greece and the Greek civil war. By analyzing the Greek crisis primarily in economic terms, Athanasios Lykogiannis avoids the political partisanship that has colored much previous writing on the subject and throws light on many issues neglected by earlier authors. Drawing on a range of untapped British, American, and Greek archival sources, as well as extensive secondary sources, the author examines the interplay of political and economic factors, such as the ingrained polarization of Greek society and the weakness and timidity of the country's governments, that aggravated and prolonged the crisis.
Download or read book British Labour Government and The Greek Civil War written by Athanasios D Sfikas and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-07 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The British Labour Government and The Greek Civil War, 1945-49.
Download or read book Greece written by Roderick Beaton and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2019-03-07 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We think we know ancient Greece, the civilisation that shares the same name and gave us just about everything that defines 'western' culture today, in the arts, sciences, social sciences and politics. Yet, as Greece has been brought under repeated scrutiny during the financial crises that have convulsed the country since 2010, worldwide coverage has revealed just how poorly we grasp the modern nation. This book sets out to understand the modern Greeks on their own terms. How did Greece come to be so powerfully attached to the legacy of the ancients in the first place, and then define an identity for themselves that is at once Greek and modern? This book reveals the remarkable achievement, during the last 300 years, of building a modern nation on, sometimes literally, the ruins of a vanished civilisation. This is the story of the Greek nation-state but also, and perhaps more fundamentally, of the collective identity that goes with it. It is not only a history of events and high politics, it is also a history of culture, of the arts, of people and of ideas.
Download or read book The British Empire in the Middle East 1945 1951 written by William Roger Louis and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1984 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With intellectual rigor and careful attention to recently released papers, Wm. Roger Louis's study asks: Why did Britain's colonial empire begin to collapse in 1945 and how did the post-war Labour government attempt to sustain a vision of the old Empire through imperialism in the Middle East?
Download or read book Origins of the Cold War written by Melvyn P. Leffler and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition brings the collection up to date, including the newest research from the Communist side of the Cold War and the most recent debates on culture, race and intelligence.
Download or read book Transnational Moments of Change written by Gerd-Rainer Horn and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a broad introduction to the methodology & practice of transnational history, this work focuses on three defining moments of 20th century European history, when changes affected the whole of the continent.
Download or read book British Policy Towards Greece During the Second World War 1941 1944 written by Procopis Papastratis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1984-03 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines in detail how British policy towards Greece was formulated and implemented from 1941 to 1944. The defeat of Greece and the fall of the dictatorial regime of General Metaxas confronted the British with new problems, the most important being the reconciliation of military and political objectives. The main political objective was to ensure the continuation of Britain's political influence in Greece after the war. This policy would be greatly facilitated by the restoration of King George, a firm advocate of the British connection, though the King's popularity in Greece had been seriously eroded by his close association with the Metaxas dictatorship in the years before the war. However, a policy of support for the King ran counter to the support offered by the War Office and SOE to the National Liberation Front (EAM), a communist-dominated left-wing organization and by far the strongest resistance movement in Greece.
Download or read book A New Kind of War written by Howard Jones and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1997-05-15 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America's experience in Greece has often been cited as a model by those later policymakers in Washington who regard the involvement as a "victory" for American foreign policy. Indeed, President Johnson and others referred to Greece as the model for America's deepening involvement in Vietnam during the mid-1960's. Greece became the battlefield for a new kind of war--one that included the use of guerrilla warfare, propaganda, war in the shadows, terror tactics and victory based on outlasting the enemy. It was also a test before the world of America's resolve to protect the principle of self-determination. Jones argues that American policy towards Greece was the focal point in the development of a global strategy designed to combat totalitarianism. He also argues that had the White House and others drawn the real "lessons" from the intervention in Greece, the decisions regarding Vietnam might have been more carefully thought out.
Download or read book The Big Three Allies and the European Resistance written by Associate Professor of Contemporary History Tommaso Piffer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-01-11 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comparative and pan-European study of the Big Three's involvement in Resistance movements across wartime Europe. From Yugoslavia to Poland and from Greece to France and Italy, the book vividly depicts and sharply analyses how this proxy war shaped the history of the post-war settlement.
Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of Non State Actors in East West Relations written by Péter Marton and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-11-11 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook introduces to readers (accessibly for specialist and non-specialist scholars, students and layman audiences) the diverse universe of non-state actors (NSAs) that have played or are currently playing a significant role in the context of East-West relations (from 1945 to the present). With a view to the oft-seen political debates about which non- state actors may be independent or controlled by particular states, and in what ways they may be useful or harmful to the interests of particular actors, this volume is interested in analysing and assessing the relationship of NSAs to key state actors in the context of the politics of East-West relations. Key state actors in this context include more than just the United States (on the one hand) and the Soviet Union or Russia (on the other hand). To offer a structured overview, the volume explores possible typologies of the relationships conceivable between NSAs and states. New concepts and organising principles are presented, to support a process-tracing analysis of the evolution of proxy ships, partnerships and other types of connections between states and non-state actors. Degrees, sources and types of control and influence are considered. Further, the Handbook's chapters also examine NSAs’ impact on the dynamics of interstate conflict and cooperation in the East-West dimension. The systematic examination of the relationship between states and NSAs in East-West relations proposed here is the first undertaking of its kind. International scholarship in political science and strategic analyses have so far neglected to develop an analytical framework and a truly nuanced understanding that could capture the intricate and multilevel relationships that exists between NSAs and states in this context.
Download or read book Airpower in Small Wars written by James S. Corum and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of airpower in wartime calls to mind the massive bombings of World War II, but airplanes have long been instrumental in small wars as well. Ever since its use by the French to put down rebellious Moroccan tribes in 1913, airpower has been employed to fight in limited but often lengthy small conflicts around the globe. This is the first comprehensive history of airpower in small wars-conflicts pitting states against non-state groups such as insurgents, bandits, factions, and terrorists-tracing it from the early years of the twentieth century to the present day. It examines dozens of conflicts with strikingly different scenarios: the Greek Civil War, the Philippine Anti-Huk campaign, French and British colonial wars, the war in South Vietnam before the American escalation, counterinsurgency in southern Africa, Latin American counterguerrilla operations, and counterinsurgency and counterterrorist campaigns in the Middle East over the last four decades. For each war, the authors describe the strategies employed on both sides of the conflict, the air forces engaged, and the specific airpower tactics employed. They discuss the ground campaigns and provide the political background necessary to understand the air campaigns, and in each case they judge the utility of airpower in its broadest sense. In their historic sweep, they show how forms of airpower evolved from planes to police helicopters, aircraft of the civilian air reserve, and today's unmanned aircraft. They also disclose how small wars after World War II required new strategies, operational solutions, and tactics. By taking this broad view of small-war airpower, the authors are able to make assessments about the most effective and least effective means of employing airpower. They offer specific conclusions ranging from the importance of comprehensive strategy to the need for the United States and its allies to expand small-wars training programs. Airpower in Small Wars will be invaluable for educating military professionals and policy makers in the subject as well as for providing a useful framework for developing more effective doctrine for employing airpower in the conflicts we are most likely to see in the twenty-first century.
Download or read book A Dictionary of 20th Century Communism written by Silvio Pons and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-12 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An encyclopedic guide to 20th-century communism around the world The first book of its kind to appear since the end of the Cold War, this indispensable reference provides encyclopedic coverage of communism and its impact throughout the world in the 20th century. With the opening of archives in former communist states, scholars have found new material that has expanded and sometimes altered the understanding of communism as an ideological and political force. A Dictionary of 20th-Century Communism brings this scholarship to students, teachers, and scholars in related fields. In more than 400 concise entries, the book explains what communism was, the forms it took, and the enormous role it played in world history from the Russian Revolution through the collapse of the Soviet Union and beyond. Examines the political, intellectual, and social influences of communism around the globe Features contributions from an international team of 160 scholars Includes more than 400 entries on major topics, such as: Figures: Lenin, Mao, Stalin, Ho Chi Minh, Pol Pot, Castro, Gorbachev Events: Cold War, Prague Spring, Cultural Revolution, Sandinista Revolution Ideas and concepts: Marxism-Leninism, cult of personality, labor Organizations and movements: KGB, Comintern, Gulag, Khmer Rouge Related topics: totalitarianism, nationalism, antifascism, anticommunism, McCarthyism Guides readers to further research through bibliographies, cross-references, and an index
