Download or read book The British Fiscal Military States 1660 c 1783 written by Aaron Graham and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-26 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of the 'fiscal-military state', popularised by John Brewer in 1989, has become familiar, even commonplace, to many historians of eighteenth-century England. Yet even at the time of its publication the book caused controversy, and the essays in this volume demonstrate how recent work on fiscal structures, military and naval contractors, on parallel developments in Scotland and Ireland, and on the wider political context, has challenged the fundamentals of this model in increasingly sophisticated and nuanced ways. Beginning with a historiographical introduction that places The Sinews of Power and subsequent work on the fiscal-military state within its wider contexts, and a commentary by John Brewer that responds to the questions raised by this work, the chapters in this volume explore topics as varied as finance and revenue, the interaction of the state with society, the relations between the military and its contractors, and even the utility of the concept of the fiscal-military state. It concludes with an afterword by Professor Stephen Conway, situating the essays in comparative contexts, and highlighting potential avenues for future research. Taken as a whole, this volume offers challenging and imaginative new perspectives on the fiscal-military structures that underpinned the development of modern European states from the eighteenth century onwards.
Download or read book The Sinews of Power written by John Brewer and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Brewer provides a new framework for understanding Britain's emergence in the eighteenth century as a major international power. Warfare and taxes reshaped the English economy, but at the heart of these dramatic changes lay a tension between the nation's aspirations to be a major power and fear of the domestic consequences: the loss of liberty.
Download or read book Trust and Distrust written by Mark Knights and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-08 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mark Knights offers the first overview of Britain's history of corruption in office in the pre-modern era, 1600-1850. Drawing on extensive archival material, Knights shows how corruption in the domestic and imperial spheres interacted, and how the concept of corruption developed during this period, changing British ideas of trust and distrust.
Download or read book The Success of English Land Tax Administration 1643 1733 written by Stephen Pierpoint and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-21 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a thorough review of early English land taxes of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. It is a polemical work which is critical of the institutional English state narratives including Brewer’s ‘Sinews of Power’ and North and Weingast’s ‘credible commitment’ and some established works in the field particularly Ward’s ‘The English Land Tax in the Eighteenth-Century’ which is subject to a highly detailed critique. The book proposes that although this was a time of tension, with an English population divided by political and religious affiliations, unprecedented amounts of taxation were still collected. This was achieved by ceding immediate process ownership to local governors whilst arming them with clear success criteria, well-designed processes and innovative legislation targeted on a growing and commercialized economy. An important development was the state’s increasing ability to coordinate tax-gathering activities across the country. This book will be of interest to financial historians, academics, and researchers.
Download or read book The Dreadful Monster and its Poor Relations written by Julian Hoppit and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2021-05-27 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'An invaluable primer to some of the underlying tensions behind contemporary political debate' Financial Times It has always been an important part of British self-image to see the United Kingdom as an ancient, organic and sensibly managed place, in striking contrast to the convulsions of other European countries. Yet, as Julian Hoppit makes clear in this fascinating and surprising book, beneath the complacent surface the United Kingdom has in fact been in a constant, often very tense argument with itself about how it should be run and, most significantly, who should pay for what. The book takes its argument from an eighteenth century cartoon which shows the central state as the 'Dreadful Monster', gorging itself at the dinner table on all the taxes it can grab. Meanwhile the 'Poor Relations' - Scotland, Wales and Ireland, both poor because of tax but also poor in the sense of needing special treatment - are viewed in London as an endless 'drain on the state'. With drastically different levels of prosperity, population, industry, agriculture and accessibility between the United Kingdom's different nations, what is a fair basis for paying for the state?
Download or read book Execution State and Society in England 1660 1900 written by Simon Devereaux and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charts the history of execution laws and practices in the 'Bloody Code' era and its extraordinary transformation by 1900.
Download or read book The Society of Prisoners written by Renaud Morieux and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019-10-15 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the eighteenth century, as wars between Britain, France, and their allies raged across the world, hundreds of thousands of people were captured, detained, or exchanged. They were shipped across oceans, marched across continents, or held in an indeterminate limbo. The Society of Prisoners challenges us to rethink the paradoxes of the prisoner of war, defined at once as an enemy and as a fellow human being whose life must be spared. Amidst the emergence of new codifications of international law, the practical distinctions between a prisoner of war, a hostage, a criminal, and a slave were not always clear-cut. Renaud Morieux's vivid and lucid account uses war captivity as a point of departure, investigating how the state transformed itself at war, and how whole societies experienced international conflicts. The detention of foreigners on home soil created the conditions for multifaceted exchanges with the host populations, involving prison guards, priests, pedlars, and philanthropists. Thus, while the imprisonment of enemies signals the extension of Anglo-French rivalry throughout the world, the mass incarceration of foreign soldiers and sailors also illustrates the persistence of non-conflictual relations amidst war. Taking the reader beyond Britain and France, as far as the West Indies and St Helena, this story resonates in our own time, questioning the dividing line between war and peace, and forcing us to confront the untenable situations in which the status of the enemy is left to the whim of the captor.
Download or read book The War Within written by Joël Félix and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The international financial crisis of 2007-08 and the ensuing scandals continue to raise important debates about the role of institutions in maintaining trust and fighting corruption, as well as in sustaining economic growth and political stability in a globalized world. This book proposes to historicize these problems by looking at the ways in which early-modern Europe responded to similar challenges brought about by the rising costs of international warfare in a period marked by the development of commercial capitalism and the rise of fiscal states. Building upon the expertise of a group of fiscal historians who are leaders in their respective fields, ten chapters successively examine how Spain, Britain, France, the Southern Low Countries, the Netherlands, Sweden and Prussia dealt with domestic conflicts arising from the business of war, especially issues of financial profit, fraud and corruption. Through a series of case studies, this volume explores how the various European polities engaged with the transformative effects of warfare on the relationship between private and public interests, paving the way for institutional reforms and transformed ethics.
Download or read book Political Economy in the Habsburg Monarchy 1750 1774 written by Simon Adler and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-11 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political Economy in the Habsburg Monarchy is an important study of the contribution of Austrian Enlightenment economist Ludwig Zinzendorf to the political economy of the Habsburg monarchy in the mid eighteenth century. Simon Adler provides the first comprehensive analysis, and first ever study in English, of the development of Zinzendorf’s thinking on the economy, commerce and, above all, state finances. Political Economy in the Habsburg Monarchy shows the extent to which Zinzendorf’s insights were part of the wider European movement dedicated to understanding political economy as an independent and important activity. It establishes Zinzendorf, a protégé of the State Chancellor Wenzel Anton Kaunitz, as a pivotal figure in the development of Austrian economic and financial policies during the 1750s and 1760s and explains how he challenged cameralism using the most advanced European economic ideas, notably from French writers around Vincent de Gournay. This book is based upon wide-ranging research of primary sources and comprehensive coverage of secondary literature and adds significantly to the ongoing historiographical turn towards political economy in the eighteenth century.
Download or read book Subsidies diplomacy and state formation in Europe 1494 1789 written by Svante Norrhem and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-18 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. This book examines early modern politics, diplomacy and finance by looking at the transfer of money and other resources between sovereigns in return for military or political service, often known as the payment of ‘subsidies’. Focusing on payments made by the French crown, the contributors explore how subsidies provided opportunities for princes, statesmen, generals and merchant-bankers to pursue their political goals. By highlighting the ways in which the payment and acceptance of subsidies shaped concepts of honour and reputation, the book shows how material interests and questions of identity coalesced. The construction of states and the political debates within polities are seen to have been influenced by the movement of money and resources across borders. Consequently, the interaction between financial and mercantile hubs and networks was vital to state formation in early modern Europe.
Download or read book The Sinews of Habsburg Power written by William D. Godsey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sinews of Habsburg Power traces the development of the central European Habsburg monarchy into one of early modern Europe's leading powers. In particular, it looks to the domestic foundations of that power, which were upheld by the growth of a permanent standing army.
Download or read book Taxation Politics and Protest in Ireland 1662 2016 written by Douglas Kanter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the politics of taxation in Ireland between the seventeenth and twenty-first centuries. Combining political, economic, and policy history, it contributes to a growing interdisciplinary literature on public finance, while also providing context for the ongoing debate on taxation and austerity in post-Celtic Tiger Ireland. Taxation, Politics, and Protest in Ireland illuminates a neglected aspect of Irish history, and will be of interest to scholars, policymakers, and members of the public who wish to understand a subject that is central to the modern Irish experience.
Download or read book Four Nations Approaches to Modern British History written by Naomi Lloyd-Jones and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-26 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection brings together leading and emerging scholars to evaluate the viability of four nations approaches to the history of the United Kingdom from the eighteenth to the twentieth century. It recognises the separate histories of England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales and explores the extent to which they share a common, ‘British’ history. They are entwined, with the points at which they interweave and detach dependent upon the nature of our inquiry, where we locate our ‘core’ and our ‘periphery’, and the ‘cause’ and ‘effect’ of our subject. The collection demonstrates that four nations frameworks are relevant to a variety of topics and tests the limits of the methodology. The chapters illuminate the changing shape of modern British history writing, and provide fresh perspectives on subjects ranging from state governance, nationalism and Unionism, economics, cultural identities and social networking.
Download or read book The Early Modern State Drivers Beneficiaries and Discontents written by Pepijn Brandon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the course of the early modern period, the capacity of European states to raise finances, wage wars, subject their own and far away populations, and exert bureaucratic power over a variety of areas of social life increased dramatically. Nevertheless, these changes were far less absolute and definitive than the literature on the rise of the "modern state" once held. While war pushed the boundaries of the emerging fiscal military states of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, rulers remained highly dependent on negotiations with competing elite groups and the private networks of contractors and financial intermediaries. Attempts to increase control over subjects often resulted in popular resistance, that in their turn set limits to and influenced the direction of the development of state institutions. Written in honour of the leading historian of war and state formation in the early modern Low Countries, Marjolein 't Hart, the chapters gathered in this volume examine the main drivers, beneficiaries and discontents of state formation across and beyond Europe in the early modern period.
Download or read book War Trade and the State written by David Ormrod and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2020 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reassessment of the Anglo-Dutch wars of the second half of the seventeenth century, demonstrating that the conflict was primarily about trade.
Download or read book Scots and Catalans written by J. H. Elliott and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-02 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A landmark account that reveals the long history behind the current Catalan and Scottish independence movements A distinguished historian of Spain and Europe provides an enlightening account of the development of nationalist and separatist movements in contemporary Catalonia and Scotland. This first sustained comparative study uncovers the similarities and the contrasts between the Scottish and Catalan experiences across a five-hundred-year period, beginning with the royal marriages that brought about union with their more powerful neighbors, England and Castile respectively, and following the story through the centuries from the end of the Middle Ages until today’s dramatic events. J. H. Elliott examines the political, economic, social, cultural, and emotional factors that divide Scots and Catalans from the larger nations to which their fortunes were joined. He offers new insights into the highly topical subject of the character and development of European nationalism, the nature of separatism, and the sense of grievance underlying the secessionist aspirations that led to the Scottish referendum of 2014, the illegal Catalan referendum of October 2017, and the resulting proclamation of an independent Catalan republic.
Download or read book A Velvet Empire written by David Todd and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Empire without sovereignty: the political economy of French informal imperialism -- 2. Algeria, informal empire manqué -- 3. Champagne capitalism: the commodification of luxury and the French empire of taste -- 4. Conquest by money: the geopolitics and logistics of investment colonization -- 5. Agents of informal empire: French expatriates and extraterritorial jurisdiction in Egypt.
