Download or read book The Benefits and Risks Associated with Use of the Wind Tunnel in Safe Separation Flight Test written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flight test demonstrating safe separation of stores from aircraft has gained greater importance since World War II. With the expansion of aircraft flight envelopes, the impact of the aircraft flow field on store separation has also expanded. At best the store fell away from the aircraft; at worst it could tumble or hit the aircraft causing significant structural damage. Early safe separation flight test programs took a simple approach, starting slow and in straight and level flight and then in small increments, building up to supersonic straight path dives. Unfortunately, this approach required a great deal of stores as well as numerous flights. As the cost of operating test aircraft and weapons has increased, this approach has become increasingly expensive. Wind tunnels have been used with great success since the dawn of aviation as a tool to engineer new concepts in aerodynamics. Once only the domain for flow visualization of airfoils, they have matured into a system that can test high angles of attack at full scale to small scale hypersonic flow. From this growth has emerged the capability to model the flow field around an aircraft and predict the separation characteristics of weapons from the aircraft. By using the wind tunnel to find the worst-case separation characteristics, flight test engineers could reduce the build up necessary and the number of flights required. This was seemingly the answer to the need of program managers as the way to reduce risk and cost. This thesis examined the results of two modern safe separation programs, the Mk-82 Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) and the GBU-24B/B Low Level Laser Guided Bomb, for the technical and cost impact of the wind tunnel. This examination has shown that the realities of flight test and the limitations of wind tunnel predictions have combined to reduce the wind tunnel effectiveness in providing a cost savings to safe separation programs. For the JDAM, the wind tunnel was able to significantly reduce the number of flights required to demonstrate safe separation, but weapon umbilical failures required more flights to be added back into the program. The GBU-24B/B on the U.S. Navy's new Super Hornet aircraft is in jeopardy of failing to meet fleet operational requirements as a result of waiting for wind tunnel data. In contrast, the GBU-24B/B program conducted on the older Hornet was completed without the wind tunnel in significantly less time and cost. Program managers and engineers must weigh the benefits of having wind tunnel data with the risks that come with the wind tunnel. In some cases, the wind tunnel may come at a higher a price and require more time than a conventional flight test program without wind tunnel predictions.
Download or read book Information Technology New Generations written by Shahram Latifi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-15 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a collection of peer-reviewed, scientific articles from the 14th International Conference on Information Technology – New Generations, held at the University of Nevada at Las Vegas on April 10–12, at Tuscany Suites Hotel in Las Vegas. The Book of Chapters addresses critical areas of information technology including web technology, communications, computing architectures, software engineering, security, and data mining.
Download or read book High Speed Store Separation written by Robert L. Black and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Utilizing Wind Tunnel Test Data and Analysis to Determine Flight Test Envelopes for Safe Store Release written by A. Cenko and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On Subscale Flight Testing written by Alejandro Sobron and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-11-05 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Downscaled physical models, also referred to as subscale models, have played an essential role in the investigation of the complex physics of flight until the recent disruption of numerical simulation. Despite the fact that improvements in computational methods are slowly pushing experimental techniques towards a secondary role as verification or calibration tools, real-world testing of physical prototypes still provides an unmatched confidence. Physical models are very effective at revealing issues that are sometimes not correctly identified in the virtual domain, and hence can be a valuable complement to other design tools. But traditional wind-tunnel testing cannot always meet all of the requirements of modern aeronautical research and development. It is nowadays too expensive to use these scarce facilities to explore different design iterations during the initial stages of aircraft development, or to experiment with new and immature technologies. Testing of free-flight subscale models, referred to as Subscale Flight Testing (SFT), could offer an affordable and low-risk alternative for complementing conventional techniques with both qualitative and quantitative information. The miniaturisation of mechatronic systems, the advances in rapid-prototyping techniques and power storage, as well as new manufacturing methods, currently enable the development of sophisticated test objects at scales that were impractical some decades ago. Moreover, the recent boom in the commercial drone industry has driven a quick development of specialised electronics and sensors, which offer nowadays surprising capabilities at competitive prices. These recent technological disruptions have significantly altered the cost-benefit function of SFT and it is necessary to re-evaluate its potential in the contemporary aircraft development context. This thesis aims to increase the comprehension and knowledge of the SFT method in order to define a practical framework for its use in aircraft design; focusing on low-cost, short-time solutions that don’t require more than a small organization and few resources. This objective is approached from a theoretical point of view by means of an analysis of the physical and practical limitations of the scaling laws; and from an empirical point of view by means of field experiments aimed at identifying practical needs for equipment, methods, and tools. A low-cost data acquisition system is developed and tested; a novel method for semi-automated flight testing in small airspaces is proposed; a set of tools for analysis and visualisation of flight data is presented; and it is also demonstrated that it is possible to explore and demonstrate new technology using SFT with a very limited amount of economic and human resources. All these, together with a theoretical review and contextualisation, contribute to increasing the comprehension and knowledge of the SFT method in general, and its potential applications in aircraft conceptual design in particular.
Download or read book Store Separation Testing Techniques at the Arnold Engineering Development Center written by J. B. Carman (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the current captive trajectory support (CTS) hardware, system operation, and the captive trajectory applications program for the Aerodynamic Wind Tunnel (4T). Also included are brief descriptions of additional CTS applications and some guidelines for potential users of the system.
Download or read book Testing Near Airspeed Limits During Safe Separation Flight Test written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although all flight tests possess their own inherent risks, safe store separation tests, especially those targeting release conditions at or near maximum sanctioned clearance limits, add more hazards to an already bloated list of obstacles. Since the success of most modern flight test programs is measured in terms of cost, schedule, and performance, an unsuccessful test flight can add tens of thousands of dollars and months to an already beleaguered program. With ever-increasing flight hour costs and dwindling budgets, reducing or eliminating unnecessary or unsuccessful sorties is essential. Thetrick, then, is to fly to achieve desired test conditions, yet not exceed aircraft limitations and cause the tester to return to base prematurely or, worse, not return at all. With the requirement to test near the aircraft airspeed limits, occasional clearance limit violations are expected. However, during the weapons separation Follow on Testand Evaluation (FOT & E) phase of the F/A-18 E and F model Super Hornet, of the 55 attempts at test endpoint conditions targeting 600 knots calibrated airspeed (KCAS), 1.20 indicated Mach number (IMN), and 0.5 g normal acceleration, 11 resulted in airspeedlimit exceedances. These failures accounted for 20% of the total number of attempts. Aircraft clearance limits are imposed by many engineering disciplines. Thorough knowledge of these aircraft limits and their genesis is vital for effective risk assessment, decision making, and avoidance. This thesis examines modern weapons separation test techniques for the F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, the obstacles faced with regard to testing near airspeed limits, the planning and flight techniques required to overcome them, results, and lessons learned for test planners and pilots alike.
Download or read book Definition of Safe separation Criteria for External Stores and Pilot Escape Capsules written by Eugene E. Covert and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The 34th AIAA ASME ASCE AHS ASC Structures Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference Adaptive Structures Forum 93 1655 93 1718 addendum of papers out of sequence written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recommended Practice written by and published by Amer Inst of Aeronautics &. This book was released on 2003 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind tunnel testing is a critical component in the development of aerodynamic vehicles and associated technologies. While the time and expense of wind tunnel testing is significant, it is an essential risk reduction tool. This book describes the various aspects of test program development, implementation, and management.
Download or read book Analytic Investigation of Wind Tunnel Test Anomalies to Determine Flight Test Envelopes for Safe Store Release written by A. Cenko and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Collection of Technical Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Introductory Guide to EC Competition Law and Practice written by Valentine Korah and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 2354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wind Tunnel Test Techniques written by Colin Britcher and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-10-20 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind Tunnel Test Techniques: Design and Use at Low and High Speeds with Statistical Engineering Applications provides an up-to-date treatment of the topic. Beginning with a brief history of wind tunnels and its types and uses, the book goes on to cover subsonic, supersonic and hypersonic wind tunnel design and construction, calibration, boundary corrections, flow quality assessment, pressure surveys, and dynamic testing. It also focuses on wind tunnel facilities, making it useful for both the designer and operator. Engineers and graduate students in aerospace, automotive and similar programs will find this book useful in their work with experimental aerodynamics, gas dynamics, facility design and performance. Deals with a broad range of flow speeds in wind tunnels, from low speed to high speed Provides a discussion of similarity laws as well as material on statistical analysis Includes coverage on facility-to-facility and facility-to-CFD correlation Presents advanced topics such as cryogenic wind tunnels, ground simulation in automotive testing, and propulsion testing
Download or read book Longitudinal Airplane Dynamics Wind Tunnel Test Equipment written by O. B. Tufts and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Numerical Study of Support Interferences on the SOAR Separation Wind Tunnel Test written by Alberto Ghiraldo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A process of support design for wind tunnel models and the evaluation of interferences effect are described in this chapter. The work was performed at the Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (VKI; Sint-Genesius-Rode, Belgium), and it was commissioned by the S3-Swiss Space System company. The work concerns the separation wind tunnel test of the Suborbital Aircraft Reusable (SOAR) vehicle from an Airbus commercial plane carrier. The supports are designed for future separation wind tunnel test of the SOAR version V10 in the VKI-S1 wind tunnel. They are designed in scale 1:180 for the test of the SOAR in the presence of the Airbus and in scale 1:80 for the SOAR alone test. Two different shapes of support (circular and elliptic) are tested in each case. First there are the supports designed, then the results of the finite element method (FEM) static structural analysis and vibrational analysis, and finally the result of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) campaign. The flow and the force interferences caused by the support are investigated by comparing simulations with and without support. The behavior of the two shapes and of the dimensional variations are investigated at an angle of attack between 0° and 15° and at Mach 0.7.
