Download or read book The Agricultural Economy of Iraq written by Hugh Charles Treakle and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture in Iraq - geographical aspects, system of land tenure and agrarian reform, agricultural products, agricultural machinery, agricultural policy (to develop crops and raise standard of living of rural area population). Rural cooperatives, credit, trade, role of USA (economic aid), role of ILO and UN and specialized agencies. 2 maps. Selected references pp. 72-74.
Download or read book Agricultural value chain study in Iraq written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-02-26 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report covers the process and results from the value chain analysis conducted on the dates, tomatoes and wheat sector in Iraq. The study presents the results of a cross-national market and gender-sensitive value chain analysis conducted in Iraq – and at different levels of the selected value chains including inputs suppliers, cultivators, harvesters, consolidators, and processors/exporters. The assessment establishes an information base to support the creation of livelihood opportunities in specific subsectors – which will ultimately support domestic food production and economic growth over the long term.
Download or read book State and Agriculture in Iraq written by Kamil A. Mahdi and published by ISBS. This book was released on 2000 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to the oil booms of the 1950s and the 1970s, Iraq's agriculture experienced many decades of growth, thereby underpinning the development of the modern state and the class structure of the pre-1958 period. This book argues that, by the 1950s, the agricultural sector that had earlier been dynamic and export-oriented was already tending to stagnation before both the early oil boom and the radical land reform of 1958. The sector that had largely relied on renewable natural resources, indigenous technology and customary social organisation had given rise to highly iniquitous income and wealth distribution, and it became associated with an entrenched socio-political structure that resisted reform and failed to raise productivity. Mahdi's analysis of Iraq's pre-oil agriculture forms the background to the main part of this book that deals with the impact on agriculture and the country's economy of the large increases in oil revenues from the early 1950s until the eve of the Iran-Iraq war of 1980-8. The book places the rentier state and the different ways in which oil revenues affect the agricultural sector at the centre of an analysis of economic structure and performance. It offers a new interpretation of the stagnation and subsequent decline of agriculture, and rejects simple readings based on political and administrative failures of the agrarian reform in favour of a more nuanced analysis that also incorporates economic structure, organisation and policy.
Download or read book Agricultural growth is good for poverty reduction and female headed households in Iraq written by Al-Haboby, Azhr and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-05-29 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This note is based on findings produced under the Harmonized Support for Agriculture Development project (HSAD) managed by the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA); financed by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID); and implemented in partnership with the Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture, the Iraqi Kurdistan Region (IKR) Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources, ICARDA, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), and the University Consortium (UCON) of Texas A&M; University of California, Davis; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; and University of Florida.
Download or read book Agriculture for development in Iraq Estimating the impacts of achieving the agricultural targets of the national development plan 2013 2017 on economic growth incomes and gender equality written by Al-Haboby, Azhr and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-05-30 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper estimates the potential effects of achieving the agricultural goals set out in Iraqs National Development Plan (NDP) 20132017 using a dynamic computable general equilibrium model. The findings suggest that raising agricultural productivity in accordance with the NDP may more than double average agricultural growth rates and add an average of 0.7 percent each year to economywide gross domestic product during the duration of the plan. As a consequence, the economy not only diversifies into agriculture, but agricultural growth also lifts growth in the food processing and service sectors. Achieving the yield targets for cereals (especially wheat) and for fruits and vegetables will have the largest impact on economic growth and household incomes. Household incomes will rise by an estimated 3.3 percent annually. This increase in household incomes will benefit the poorest households and female-headed urban households the most due to a combination of lower food prices and higher incomes from labor and land. Reaping these benefits from agricultural growth will critically depend on the implementation of policies and investments to ensure that additional agricultural produce can be marketed efficiently domestically and compete with imports.
Download or read book Agriculture in Iraq written by U. S. Department U.S. Department of State and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-03-25 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mesopotamia, the ancient land of the "twin rivers" (the Tigris and Euphrates), with its bountiful land, fresh waters, and varying climates, contributed to the human civilization in many ways. The eastern limb of the Fertile Crescent was the cradle of the earliest known civilizations and served as the cultural heart from which the first ideas of sedentary agriculture, domestication of animals, the wheel, writing, and urban development are believed to have diffused westward to the Nile Valley and eastward to the Indus Valley. Since the beginning of recorded time, agriculture has been the primary economic activity of the people of old Mesopotamia and modern-day Iraq. Agriculture was the country's major economic activity in the 1920s; however, its contribution to the gross domestic product (GDP) dropped to 42% in 1981 and 18% in 1990. Even so, 13% of the labor force continues to be engaged in agriculture, more than in any other sector except services. The land area of Iraq is 438,317 km2, with a population of 22.8 m and a population density of 52 per km2. Arable land as percentage of total land is relatively small (12%) and agriculture, in 2001, contributed 6.1% to the GDP. More than half (53%) of the arable land is rainfed, nearly all of it in the northern uplands; however, most of the agricultural production comes from the more intensively cultivated areas of the irrigated plains. In the decade from 1977, Iraq was self sufficient in cereals, and agricultural imports amounted to 22% of total imports. During recent decades, however, Iraq has shifted from net food exporter to food importer. This shift was prompted by several factors, including population increase, a rising standard of living, increased industrialization, migration of farm workers to urban centers, and loss of soil productivity in poorly drained irrigated areas of the south. Increased funding for agricultural research is particularly critical in Iraq. Despite this nation's heavy dependence on agriculture, the public expenditures on research generally total less than 0.5 percent of its agricultural gross domestic product. By comparison, industrialized countries spend 2 to 5 percent.
Download or read book Breaking Out of Fragility written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iraq is at a crossroads. Almost two decades after the 2003 war, the country remains caught in a fragility trap, facing increasing political instability, growing social unrest, and a deepening state-citizen divide. Amid a multitude of crises—including an oil price shock, the COVID-19 pandemic, and recent instability and protests—coupled with poor economic policies, a lack of reforms, and an inability to tackle corruption, Iraq is having its worst annual economic growth performance in 2020 since the fall of the Saddam regime. But with every crisis comes an opportunity to reform. Iraq can embark on a long but much-needed path toward structural transformation, one that could leave its economy less dependent on oil and more driven by private sector activity. Such a path can no longer be avoided, as has been illustrated by the widespread protests since October 2019. This report highlights what Iraq can do to sustain future growth; it also shows why Iraq has not yet managed to achieve high levels of diversified growth alongside peace, stability, and a better standard of living for its people. Iraq’s high levels of fragility and conflict--reinforced by high oil dependency--hinder the country’s prospects for economic reform and growth. Despite Iraq’s existing sociopolitical and economic environment, three encouraging messages emerge from this report. First, there is a peace dividend in Iraq. Iraq’s per capita GDP was about one-fifth lower in 2018 than it would have been if not for the conflict beginning in 2014. Thus, maintaining peace can by itself be a strong driver of growth. Second, Iraq has latent export potential for a variety of goods that, if tapped, could diversify the country’s economy, raise living standards, and boost economic resilience. Third, Iraqi agriculture could be revived to serve as a pillar of a more diversified and private sector†“led economy.
Download or read book The Agriculture of West Asia written by Henrietta Holm Tegeler and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Iraq s Economic Predicament written by Kamil A. Mahdi and published by ISBS. This book was released on 2002 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the book, the authors examine a range of policies and institutional reform measures necessary to tackle the structural problems of the Iraqi economy.
Download or read book FAO Mediterranean Development Project Iraq written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Political Economy of Iraq written by Gunter, Frank R. and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-10-15 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of The Political Economy of Iraq is as comprehensive and accessible as the first with updated data and analysis. Frank R. Gunter discusses in detail how the convergence of the ISIS insurgency, collapse in oil prices, and massive youth unemployment produced a serious political crisis in 2020. This work ends with a discussion of key policy decisions that will determine Iraq’s future. This volume will be a valuable resource for anyone with a professional, business, or academic interest in the post-2003 political economy of Iraq.
Download or read book Iraq s Burdens written by Abbas Alnasrawi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2002-11-30 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil revenue has been an economic curse for Iraq. In the second half of the 20th century the international oil sector shaped Iraq's economy, forcing it to rely too heavily on revenue brought in by oil production and exports. Iraq's failure to use copious oil rents to diversify the economy has proven disastrous for its people and economy. Its over-reliance on oil revenues coupled with the consequences of its war with Iran, the Gulf War, and the ensuing economic sanctions have led the country to economic destruction, sanctions, and enormous debt. Iraq is a major oil producing country, a founding member of OPEC, and possesses the world's second highest amount of oil reserves. Yet few studies exist on Iraq's oil industry and its impact on the economic and political fortunes of the country. Alnasrawi remedies this by helping us understand this important Arab, Middle Eastern, oil-exporting country that has been a constant focus of U.S. foreign policy since 1990. Alnasrawi concludes that the availability of capital is an insufficient condition for economic development, and may in fact retard it, as it did in this now reviled and wrecked country.
Download or read book The Economic Development of Iraq written by World Bank and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Iraq written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-08-18 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper focuses on the Iraqi oil sector and analyzes the developments and prospects after the twin shock. The Iraqi economy was affected by the two major challenges during 2014—ISIS insurgency and the fall in global oil prices. Iraq’s oil sector has performed well despite the security challenges that emerged after the onset of the ISIS insurgency in June 2014. On average, Iraq earned $97 per barrel on oil exported in 2014. Asia remained the leading destination of the Iraqi oil exports during 2013–14, and its share increased from 50 percent in 2012 to 65 percent in 2014.
Download or read book Communism and Agrarian Reform in Iraq written by Rony Gabbay and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1978 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book OECD FAO Agricultural Outlook 2021 2030 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-07-05 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Agricultural Outlook 2021-2030 is a collaborative effort of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. It brings together the commodity, policy and country expertise of both organisations as well as input from collaborating member countries to provide an annual assessment of the prospects for the coming decade of national, regional and global agricultural commodity markets. The publication consists of 11 Chapters; Chapter 1 covers agricultural and food markets; Chapter 2 provides regional outlooks and the remaining chapters are dedicated to individual commodities.
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Agricultural Policy Rural Development and Entrepreneurship in Contemporary Economies written by Jean Vasile, Andrei and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-11-29 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Promoting rural entrepreneurship is a necessary step to limit the negative effects of classical agricultural policy based on a linear process and attracting secondary resources to the economic process. The analysis of agricultural policy and rural development in conjunction to entrepreneurship in terms of production may represent a further step in understanding the role and importance of diversifying the rural potentials in contemporary economies. The Handbook of Research on Agricultural Policy, Rural Development, and Entrepreneurship in Contemporary Economies is an essential publication of academic research that examines agricultural policy and its impact on shaping future resilient economy in rural areas and identifies green business models and new business patterns in rural communities. Covering a range of topics such as entrepreneurship, product management, and marketing, this book is ideal for researchers, policymakers, academicians, economists, agriculture professionals, rural developers, business investors, and students.
