Download or read book The Acquisition of Subject Pronouns in Second Language Spanish written by Bret Gene Linford and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Linguists have proposed that language learner behavior does not reflect a single system, but is a complex of quite different [linguistic modules] each obeying different principles (Sharwood Smith 1994). When different linguistic modules interact in language, there is an interface. Second language acquisition (SLA) researchers have proposed the Interface Hypothesis, which states that second language (L2) learners are able to acquire narrow syntax, but may experience delay with the interface of syntax and other modules (Sorace & Filiaci 2006). Additional research has proposed that syntaxsemantic features are acquired sooner than syntax-discourse features in SLA (Tsimpli & Sorace 2006). One way researchers have tested this hypothesis is by studying L2 learners of pro-drop languages like Spanish. Pro-drop languages allow subject pronouns to be expressed overtly, as in the Spanish phrase Yo veo (I see), or null, as in Veo. Studies show that native speaker distribution of subject pronouns deals with the interface of narrow syntax and features of discourse, semantics, etc. Although subject pronouns in Spanish are grammatically variable (i.e. either a null or overt subject pronoun is grammatically acceptable in many contexts), the actual distribution of null and overt subject pronouns in Spanish is predicted by variables such as the person and number of the subject, continuity of reference (i.e. whether the verb retains the same subject as the previous verb or not), clause type, and so on. Previous studies have found that L2 learners of null subject languages learn the narrow syntax of subject pronouns early (Rothman 2008), but their distribution of subject pronouns does not become more native-like until a late stage in their development. The current study analyzes 17 interviews in Spanish with English-speaking L2 learners of Spanish who have obtained varying degrees of proficiency: beginner, intermediate, advanced. The results support the Interface Hypothesis given that all interviewees produced null and overt subject pronouns, but the L2 learners differed greatly from native speakers with respect to sensitivity to interface features. The results do not confirm that syntax-semantic features are acquired before syntax-discourse features but do suggest that syntax-morphology features are acquired before other interface features.

Download or read book Subject Pronoun Expression in Spanish written by Ana M. Carvalho and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-26 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much recent scholarship has sought to identify the linguistic and social factors that favor the expression or omission of subject pronouns in Spanish. This volume brings together leading experts on the topic of language variation in Spanish to provide a panoramic view of research trends, develop probabilistic models of grammar, and investigate the impact of language contact on pronoun expression. The book consists of three sections. The first studies the distributional patterns and conditioning forces on subject pronoun expression in four monolingual varieties—Dominican, Colombian, Mexican, and Peninsular—and makes cross-dialectal comparisons. In the second section, experts explore Spanish in contact with English, Maya, Catalan, and Portuguese to determine the extent to which each language influences this syntactic variable. The final section examines the acquisition of variable subject pronoun expression among monolingual and bilingual children as well as adult second language learners.

Download or read book Subject Pronoun Expression in Spanish written by Ana M. Carvalho and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-26 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much recent scholarship has sought to identify the linguistic and social factors that favor the expression or omission of subject pronouns in Spanish. This volume brings together leading experts on the topic of language variation in Spanish to provide a panoramic view of research trends, develop probabilistic models of grammar, and investigate the impact of language contact on pronoun expression. The book consists of three sections. The first studies the distributional patterns and conditioning forces on subject pronoun expression in four monolingual varieties—Dominican, Colombian, Mexican, and Peninsular—and makes cross-dialectal comparisons. In the second section, experts explore Spanish in contact with English, Maya, Catalan, and Portuguese to determine the extent to which each language influences this syntactic variable. The final section examines the acquisition of variable subject pronoun expression among monolingual and bilingual children as well as adult second language learners.

Download or read book The Handbook of Spanish Second Language Acquisition written by Kimberly L. Geeslin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together a comprehensive collection of newly-commissioned articles, this Handbook covers the most recent developments across a range of sub-fields relevant to the study of second language Spanish. Provides a unique and much-needed collection of new research in this subject, compiled and written by experts in the field Offers a critical account of the most current, ground-breaking developments across key fields, each of which has seen innovative empirical research in the past decade Covers a broad range of issues including current theoretical approaches, alongside a variety of entries within such areas as the sound system, morphosyntax, individual and social factors, and instructed language learning Presents a variety of methodological approaches spanning the active areas of research in language acquisition

Download or read book The Acquisition of Spanish as a Second Language written by Kimberly L. Geeslin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-04-22 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers an introduction to the field of second language acquisition with a particular focus on second language Spanish. It connects key issues in the acquisition of Spanish as a second language to theoretical and empirical issues in the field of second language acquisition more generally by exemplifying central concepts in second language acquisition through the exploration of the most widely researched structures and most recent developments in the field of second language Spanish. It is written for a non-specialist audience, making it suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses and readers, while its treatment of recent empirical developments also makes it of interest to researchers in second language Spanish as well as allied fields.

Download or read book The Acquisition of Spanish written by Silvina Montrul and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book on the acquisition of Spanish that provides a state-of-the-art comprehensive overview of Spanish morphosyntactic development in monolingual and bilingual situations. Its content is organized around key grammatical themes that form the empirical base of research in generative grammar: nominal and verbal inflectional morphology, subject and object pronouns, complex structures involving movement (topicalizations, questions, relative clauses), and aspects of verb meaning that have consequences for syntax. The book argues that Universal Grammar constrains all instances of language acquisition and that there is a fundamental continuity between monolingual, bilingual, child and adult early grammatical systems. While stressing their similarities with respect to linguistic representations and processes, the book also considers important differences between these three acquisition situations with respect to the outcome of acquisition. It is also shown that many linguistic properties of Spanish are acquired earlier than in English and other languages. This book is a must read for those interested in the acquisition of Spanish from different theoretical perspectives as well as those working on the acquisition of other languages in different contexts.

Download or read book The Acquisition of Spanish in Understudied Language Pairings written by Tiffany Judy and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2015-02-18 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By examining the acquisition of Spanish in combination with languages other than English (Arabic, Basque, Catalan, Chinese, Dutch, Farsi, French, German, Nahuatl, Quechua, Portuguese, Swedish, Turkish), this volume advances novel data pertinent to the field’s understanding of acquisition of Spanish in the XXI century. Its crosslinguistic nature invites us to reconsider major theoretical questions such as the role of L1 transfer, linguistic typology, and onset of acquisition from a fresh perspective, and to question the validity of the traditional parameter (re)setting perspective taken in SLA. Additionally, this volume underscores the necessity of providing accurate descriptions of the language pairings investigated, emphasizing the interconnection between linguistic and SLA theory, and pushing us to a more atomic view of the system in which features and feature bundles mapped onto lexical items comprise the skeleton of language. This volume is of great relevance for researchers and students of SLA alike.

Download or read book Discourse and Grammatical Cues in the Acquisition of Spanish Pronouns written by Hannah Forsythe and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The L2 Acquisition of Spanish Subjects written by Margaret Lubbers Quesada and published by ISSN. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume has two principal objectives: the first is to understand what L2 learners are capable of acquiring in terms of subject expression in Spanish. The second is to identify the distinct contributions of each theoretical model and the like fin

Download or read book Object pronouns in Dependent Clauses written by Winthrop Holt Chenery and published by . This book was released on 1905 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Handbook of Spanish Second Language Acquisition written by Kimberly L. Geeslin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-08-14 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together a comprehensive collection of newly-commissioned articles, this Handbook covers the most recent developments across a range of sub-fields relevant to the study of second language Spanish. Provides a unique and much-needed collection of new research in this subject, compiled and written by experts in the field Offers a critical account of the most current, ground-breaking developments across key fields, each of which has seen innovative empirical research in the past decade Covers a broad range of issues including current theoretical approaches, alongside a variety of entries within such areas as the sound system, morphosyntax, individual and social factors, and instructed language learning Presents a variety of methodological approaches spanning the active areas of research in language acquisition

Download or read book Spanish in New York written by Ricardo Otheguy and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-06 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spanish in New York is a groundbreaking sociolinguistic analysis of immigrant bilingualism in a U.S. setting. Drawing on one of the largest corpora of spoken Spanish ever assembled for a single city, Otheguy and Zentella demonstrate the extent to which the language of Latinos in New York City represents a continuation of structural variation as it is found in Latin America, as well as the extent to which Spanish has evolved in New York City. Their study, which focuses on language contact, dialectal leveling, and structural continuity, carefully distinguishes between the influence of English and the mutual influences of forms of Spanish with roots in different parts of Latin America. Taking variationist sociolinguistics as its guiding paradigm, the book compares the Spanish of New Yorkers born in Latin America with that of those born in New York City. Findings are grounded in a comparative analysis of 140 sociolinguistic interviews of speakers with origins in Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico and Puerto Rico. Quantitative analysis (correlations, anovas, variable hierarchies, constraint hierarchies) reveals the effect on the use of subject personal pronouns of the speaker's gender, immigrant generation, years spent in New York, and amount of exposure to English and to varieties of Spanish. In addition to these speaker factors, structural and communicative variables, including the person and tense of the verb and its referential status, have a significant impact on pronominal usage in New York City.

Download or read book American Children s Acquisition of Spanish Syntax in the Madrid Environment written by Daniel P. Dato and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mexican Spanish in Houston Texas written by Sandra Baumel-Schreffler and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Processing Production and Placement written by Paul A. Malovrh and published by Trends in Applied Linguistics. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete theory of L2 (second language)acquisition should account for three aspects of L2 development: 1) the representation of L2 knowledge; 2) the relationship between input and L2 knowledge; and 3) the relationship between L2 knowledge and output. The research presented here is the first to analyze the L2 acquisition of object pronouns in Spanishwith such a tripartite framework; the aim is to identify an interface between the comprehension and production of the target structure throughout L2 development.

Download or read book Aspects of Second Language Learners Knowledge of Spanish Reflexive Pronouns written by Marciano Escutia and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book First and Second person Singular Subject Pronoun Expression in Dominican Spanish written by Christopher Champi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present dissertation analyzes first- and second-person singular subject pronoun expression in Dominican Spanish in adult-to-adult, caregiver, and child speech. Overall, despite the high rates of subject pronoun expression seen in this variety, the conditioning factors that govern subject pronoun expression in all dialects are found to be operative in Dominican Spanish. In addition, children were found to have acquired several of the constraints that govern first- and second-person singular subject pronoun expression in adult-to-adult speech. However, caregivers pronoun expression was shown to not be constrained by certain factors while others showed different patterns in comparison to adult-to-adult speech.First, adult-to-adult Dominican Spanish displays many of the same constraints on subject pronoun expression found in other varieties. However, the well-known effect of verb class operates differently in this variety. Nevertheless, when analyzing the most frequent verbs found in each category, several verb-particular constructions showing distinct patterns are revealed. Additionally, turn position in first-person singular pronoun expression shows more broad effects than what has been found for other varieties such that it is operative with all verb classes. Moreover, certain factors found to condition first-person singular pronoun expression do not extend to second-person singular pronoun expression, which suggests that pronouns of different grammatical person/number pattern in distinct ways. Nevertheless, Dominican Spanish does show slight differences in how and in which contexts certain conditioning factors operate, which are thought to be more revealing in determining dialectal differences than overall rates.With respect to child speech, the children showed to have already acquired many of the adult-like factors that constrain pronoun use in adult-to-adult speech. However, the well-known switch referent constraint was found to be inoperative in first-person singular pronoun expression in child speech. Despite this, a second measure of switch reference, that of intervening human subjects, did contribute to childrens first-person singular pronoun expression. Thus, the data presented here suggest this well-known constraint is acquired on the basis of the presence or absence of intervening human subjects between coreferential mentions. Outside of the result for switch reference, children showed to closely follow the patterns seen in caregivers, showing they are sensitive to the frequency and distributional patterns found in their input. Similarly, children produced adult-like usage patterns with certain lexically-specific constructions found in their input, demonstrating that these community-based items are an important locus of childrens acquisition of the dialect to which they are exposed.Finally, caregivers showed some differences with respect to which constraints are operative in their use of first-person singular subject pronouns in comparison to adult-to-adult speech. In particular, the constraint of turn position, while operative in adult-to-adult speech, does not significantly constrain caregivers first-person singular subject pronoun expression. Further analysis revealed this is due to the nature of child-caregiver interaction such that caregivers frequently refer to their children in order to hand the floor over to them and develop subsequent discourse. In fact, caregivers use of second person singular forms in child-caregiver interaction greatly exceeded their use of the same forms in their adult-to-adult interactions. This, together with their infrequent use of first-person singular forms, impedes a turn-position effect from emerging. Caregivers also showed to favor second-person singular pronoun expression with Wh-questions in the speech to their children, which differs from the pattern found in adult-to-adult speech with these same elements. Overall, the results show that caregivers adjust certain aspects of their speech when interacting with their children while at the same time they provide adult-like usage patterns for certain community-based lexically-specific constructions.