Download or read book The 3D Microenvironment as a Regulatory Cue During Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteogenic Differentiation written by Amanda Waite Lund and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transcriptional Characterization of Osteogenic and Adipogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in 2D and 3D Peptide Hydrogel Culture System written by R M Imtiaz Karim Rony and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent stem cell that can differentiate into mesodermal lineages such osteoblast, adipocytes, and chondrocytes, or can be transdifferentiated into clinically relevant lineages such as cardiac or neural cells using in vitro reprogramming techniques. In addition to the multilineage differentiation potential, MSCs from most tissue origins such bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) or adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) have immune modulatory functions which indicate their promise in clinical applications for cell-based therapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems, which utilize 3D scaffolds or hydrogels to provide a physiological 3D microenvironment that mimics the native extracellular matrix, have been largely embraced to study cellular function and cell fate determination using different cell types. Although many investigators have shown that stem cell self-renewal/differentiation is modulated by the 3D scaffold chemistry and/or its surface topology, less attention has been given to undercover how such 3D scaffold affects chromatin organization and gene expression of key developmental regulators or lineage specifiers at the transcription and translation level during the course of stem cell differentiation. In this novel study, we have established a Corning PuraMatrix Peptide Hydrogel based 3D culture system for BM-MSCs and have analyzed key transcription factors regulating osteogenic (RUNX2, OSX, TWIST1) and adipogenic (PPARy, C/EBPa, CHOP10) differentiation of BM-MSCs grown in a 2D culture and a PuraMatrix peptide hydrogel-based 3D culture. BM-MSCs adopt a completely different morphology and metabolism when encapsulated in PuraMatrix peptide hydrogel. Moreover, expression of these key osteogenic (RUNX2, OSX, TWIST1) and adipogenic (PPARy, C/EBPa, CHOP10) transcription factors are differentially expressed between 2D and 3D culture system at different stages of BM-MSCs differentiation.
Download or read book Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by the Design of a Natural Microenvironment written by Sonja Kreß and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regulation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Within Chemical Microenvironment of Bone Marrow Stem Cell Niche written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been used extensively in skeletal tissue engineering and regeneration. However, maintaining the properties of BMSCs in culture for subsequent applications still remains a great challenge for researchers. To this end, an emerging research approach of constructing a culture environment mimicking the bone marrow stem cell niche for regulation of BMSCs has been developed. This dissertation work aims to investigate the regulatory effects of soluble factors in the bone marrow niche on BMSCs, and further apply the knowledge to the maintenance of BMSC properties for tissue regeneration applications. First, using soluble factors extracted from bone marrow for BMSC culture, we found that bone marrow extract can maintain properties of BMSCs. We also found that the treatment of bone marrow extract can support cell quiescence, delay cellular senescence, enhance cell proliferation, and inhibit the multilineage differentiation of BMSCs while directing the cell fate toward osteogenic and chondrogenic cell lineages. Second, by analyzing the composition of bone marrow extract, we identified that lipocalin-2 (LCN2) and prolactin (PRL) are responsible for the regulatory effects of bone marrow extract on BMSCs. Treating BMSCs with the combination of LCN2 and PRL can delay cellular senescence and direct the cells toward osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages. Third, we also identified that bone marrow extract contains endothelin-1 (ET1). We demonstrated that endothelial cells secrete ET1 to direct cell fates of BMSCs through the AKT signaling pathway. Lastly, we found that pretreatment with LCN2 and PRL in BMSC culture can enhance the in vivo bone forming capacity of these cells. Together, we demonstrated that understanding the in vivo regulation of BMSC activities in the bone marrow stem cell niche can aid in improving BMSC-based tissue regeneration.
Download or read book The Effect of Mechanical Cues on in Vitro Aging and Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells written by Courtney Eileen LeBlon and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue engineering is a field that aims to replace or repair damaged tissue through the use of stem cells, biomaterials, and biomolecules. Human mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent adult stem cells that can be autologously transplanted. This work describes the effect of mechanical cues on human mesenchymal stem cells. An analysis on the age-related stiffening of these cells, and its effect on osteogenic and myogenic differentiation, is presented. This study gives insight to those using stem cells in vitro for extended periods of time. The effect of mechanical loading on stem cell differentiation is examined. Tensile and compressive loading are used to induce myogenic and osteogenic differentiation, respectively, in the absence of chemical cues. This study demonstrates that loading alone can accelerate differentiation. A 3-D cell culture method for cardiomyocyte differentiation is also explored. Numerous cardiomyocyte markers were observed, signifying that this method may be superior to chemical induction methods. A biodegradation study of four porous polymers is also presented, as scaffold choice is of great importance in the area of tissue engineering. This research provides guidance to those using human mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering.
Download or read book Muscle Regeneration written by Alexander Mauro and published by Raven Press (ID). This book was released on 1979 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In Situ Tissue Regeneration written by Sang Jin Lee and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-17 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Situ Tissue Regeneration: Host Cell Recruitment and Biomaterial Design explores the body’s ability to mobilize endogenous stem cells to the site of injury and details the latest strategies developed for inducing and supporting the body’s own regenerating capacity. From the perspective of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, this book describes the mechanism of host cell recruitment, cell sourcing, cellular and molecular roles in cell differentiation, navigational cues and niche signals, and a tissue-specific smart biomaterial system that can be applied to a wide range of therapies. The work is divided into four sections to provide a thorough overview and helpful hints for future discoveries: endogenous cell sources; biochemical and physical cues; smart biomaterial development; and applications. Explores the body’s ability to mobilize endogenous stem cells to the site of injury Details the latest strategies developed for inducing and supporting the body’s own regenerating capacity Presents smart biomaterials in cell-based tissue engineering applications—from the cell level to applications—in the first unified volume Features chapter authors and editors who are authorities in this emerging field Prioritizes a discussion of the future direction of smart biomaterials for in situ tissue regeneration, which will affect an emerging and lucrative industry
Download or read book Advanced Surfaces for Stem Cell Research written by Ashutosh Tiwari and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-11-29 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book outlines first the importance of Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM), which is a natural surface for most of cells. In the following chapters the influence of biological, chemical, mechanical, and physical properties of surfaces in micro and nano-scale on stem cell behavior are discussed including the mechanotransduction. Biomimetic and bioinspired approaches are highlighted for developing microenvironment of several tissues, and surface engineering applications are discussed in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and different type of biomaterials in various chapters of the book. This book brings together innovative methodologies and strategies adopted in the research and development of Advanced Surfaces in Stem Cell Research. Well-known worldwide researchers deliberate subjects including: Extracellular matrix proteins for stem cell fate The superficial mechanical and physical properties of matrix microenvironment as stem cell fate regulator Effects of mechanotransduction on stem cell behavior Modulation of stem cells behavior through bioactive surfaces Influence of controlled micro and nanoengineered surfaces on stem cell fate Nanostructured polymeric surfaces for stem cells Laser surface modification techniques and stem cells applications Plasma polymer deposition: a versatile tool for stem cell research Application of bioreactor concept and modeling techniques in bone regeneration and augmentation treatments Substrates and surfaces for control of pluripotent stem cell fate and function Application of biopolymer-based, surface modified devices in transplant medicine and tissue engineering Silk as a natural biopolymer for tissue engineering
Download or read book Methods of Tissue Engineering written by Anthony Atala and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2001-10-12 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference book combines the tools, experimental protocols, detailed descriptions and know-how for the successful engineering of tissues and organs in one volume.
Download or read book Handbook of Imaging in Biological Mechanics written by Corey P. Neu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-10-24 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging imaging techniques have opened new fronts to investigate tissues, cells, and proteins. Transformative technologies such as microCT scans, super-resolution microscopy, fluorescence-based tools, and other methods now allow us to study the mechanics of cancer, dissect the origins of cellular force regulation, and examine biological specimens
Download or read book Advances in Regenerative Medicine Role of Nanotechnology and Engineering Principles written by Venkatram Prasad Shastri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-14 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on “Nanoengineered Systems for Regenerative Medicine” that was organized under the auspices of the NATO Security through Science Program. I would like to thank NATO for supporting this workshop via a grant to the co-directors. The objective of ARW was to explore the various facets of regenerative me- cine and to highlight role of the “the nano-length scale” and “nano-scale systems” in defining and controlling cell and tissue environments. The development of novel tissue regenerative strategies require the integration of new insights emerging from studies of cell-matrix interactions, cellular signalling processes, developmental and systems biology, into biomaterials design, via a systems approach. The chapters in the book, written by the leading experts in their respective disciplines, cover a wide spectrum of topics ranging from stem cell biology, developmental biology, ce- matrix interactions, and matrix biology to surface science, materials processing and drug delivery. We hope the contents of the book will provoke the readership into developing regenerative medicine paradigms that combine these facets into cli- cally translatable solutions. This NATO meeting would not have been successful without the timely help of Dr. Ulrike Shastri, Sanjeet Rangarajan and Ms. Sabine Benner, who assisted in the organization and implementation of various elements of this meeting. Thanks are also due Dr. Fausto Pedrazzini and Ms. Alison Trapp at NATO HQ (Brussels, Belgium). The commitment and persistence of Ms.
Download or read book The Biology and Therapeutic Application of Mesenchymal Cells 2 Volume Set written by Kerry Atkinson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 1080 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Biology and Therapeutic Application of Mesenchymal Cells comprehensively describes the cellular and molecular biology of mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells, describing their therapeutic potential in a wide variety of preclinical models of human diseases and their mechanism of action in these preclinical models. Chapters also discuss the current status of the use of mesenchymal stem and stromal cells in clinical trials in a wide range of human diseases and disorders, for many of which there are limited, or no other, therapeutic avenues. Provides coverage on both the biology of mesenchymal stem cells and stromal cells, and their therapeutic applications Describes the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem and stromal cells in a wide variety of preclinical models of human diseases and their mechanism of action in these preclinical models Discusses the current status of mesenchymal stem and stromal cells in clinical trials in a wide range of human diseases and disorders, for many of which there are limited, or no other, therapeutic avenues Written and edited by leaders in the field The Biology and Therapeutic Application of Mesenchymal Cells is an invaluable resource for those studying stem cells, cell biology, genetics, gene or cell therapy, or regenerative medicine.
Download or read book Cell Growth written by Michael N. Hall and published by CSHL Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent breakthroughs in the field of cell growth, particularly in the control of cell size, are reviewed by experts in the three major divisions of the field: growth of individual cells, growth of organs, and regulation of cell growth in the contexts of development and cell division. This book is an introductory overview of the field and should be adaptable as a textbook.
Download or read book Nanoscience written by Claire Dupas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-13 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practically-oriented overview of nanotechnologies and nanosciences is designed to provide students and researchers with essential information on both the tools of manufacture and specific features of the nanometric scale. Specific applications and techniques covered include nanolithography, STM and AFM, nanowires and supramolecules, molecular electronics, pptronics, and simulation. Each section devotes space to industrial applications and prospective developments. The book provides the only pedagogical review on major nanosciences topics at this level.
Download or read book Stem Cells written by Ariff Bongso and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cell biology has drawn tremendous interest in recent years as it promises cures for a variety of incurable diseases. This book deals with the basic and clinical aspects of stem cell research and involves work on the full spectrum of stem cells isolated today. It also covers the conversion of stem cell types into a variety of useful tissues which may be used in the future for transplantation therapy. It is thus aimed at undergraduates, postgraduates, scientists, embryologists, doctors, tissue engineers and anyone who wishes to gain some insight into stem cell biology. This book is important as it is comprehensive and covers all aspects of stem cell biology, from basic research to clinical applications. It will have 33 chapters written by renowned stem cell scientists worldwide. It will be up-to-date and all the chapters include self-explanatory figures, color photographs, graphics and tables. It will be easy to read and give the reader a complete understanding and state of the art of the exciting science and its applications.
Download or read book Fullerens Graphenes and Nanotubes written by Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2018-05-28 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fullerens, Graphenes and Nanotubes: A Pharmaceutical Approach shows how carbon nanomaterials are used in the pharmaceutical industry. While there are various books on the carbonaceous nanomaterials available on the market, none approach the subject from a pharmaceutical point-of-view. In this context, the book covers different applications of carbonaceous nanomaterials. Chapters examine different types of carbon nanomaterials and explore how they are used in such areas as cancer treatments, pulse sensing and prosthetics. Readers will find this book to be a valuable reference resource for those working in the areas of carbon materials, nanomaterials and pharmaceutical science. Explains how the unique properties of carbon-based nanomaterials allow them to be used to create effective drug delivery systems Covers how carbon-based nanomaterials should be prepared for use in pharmaceutical applications Discusses the relative toxicity of a range of carbon-based nanomaterials Considers the safety of their use in different types of drugs
Download or read book Stem Cell Regulators written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-11-23 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1943, Vitamins and Hormones is the longest-running serial published by Academic Press. The Editorial Board now reflects expertise in the field of hormone action, vitamin action, X-ray crystal structure, physiology and enzyme mechanisms. Under the capable and qualified editorial leadership of Dr. Gerald Litwack, Vitamins and Hormones continues to publish cutting-edge reviews of interest to endocrinologists, biochemists, nutritionists, pharmacologists, cell biologists and molecular biologists. Others interested in the structure and function of biologically active molecules like hormones and vitamins will, as always, turn to this series for comprehensive reviews by leading contributors to this and related disciplines. This volume focuses on stem cell regulators. Longest running series published by Academic Press Contributions by leading international authorities
