Download or read book Technologies for Lowest NOx and Particulate Emissions in DI diesel Engine Combustion written by Andrea Gianfranco Maria Bertola and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technologies for Lowest NOx and Particulate Emissions in DI diesel Engine Combustion written by Andrea Gianfranco Maria Bertola and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Demonstration of a Diesel Fuel borne Catalyst System and Low NOx Control Technology for Reducing Particulate and NOx Emissions written by Michael D. Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines written by B. Ashok and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines: Approaches Toward NOx Free Automobiles presents the fundamental theory of emission formation, particularly the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and its chemical reactions and control techniques. The book provides a simplified framework for technical literature on NOx reduction strategies in IC engines, highlighting thermodynamics, combustion science, automotive emissions and environmental pollution control. Sections cover the toxicity and roots of emissions for both SI and CI engines and the formation of various emissions such as CO, SO2, HC, NOx, soot, and PM from internal combustion engines, along with various methods of NOx formation. Topics cover the combustion process, engine design parameters, and the application of exhaust gas recirculation for NOx reduction, making this book ideal for researchers and students in automotive, mechanical, mechatronics and chemical engineering students working in the field of emission control techniques. Covers advanced and recent technologies and emerging new trends in NOx reduction for emission control Highlights the effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on engine performance parameters Discusses emission norms such as EURO VI and Bharat stage VI in reducing global air pollution due to engine emissions
Download or read book SAE 2006 05 0182 Potential of Existing Emission Control Technologies for Diesel Engines Fuelled With Biodiesel written by Koji Yamane and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes the potential of existing exhaust emission reduction technologies for diesel engines fuelled with biodiesel. We examined improvements in in-cylinder combustion technologies using common-rail, high-pressure injection equipment, after-treatment technology using diesel particulate filters:DPF and diesel oxidation catalysts (DOC), and fuel treatment technology by the addition of a cetane improver. An additive, 2-ethyl-hexyl-nitrate:EHN, was tested using both neat biodiesel fuel and a 20% biodiesel/low-sulfur gasoil blend:B20 using a DI diesel engine with a common-rail injection system. The EHN was effective for reducing soluble organic fraction:SOF in particulate matter:PM at low engine loads for neat biodiesel fuel. EHN addition reduced NOx for both B20 and gasoil. Engine bench tests and vehicle road tests were conducted using a passive DPF system without a catalyst or electric heater for filter regeneration. For gasoil, regeneration of the DPF was required at approximately 300 km. However, regeneration of the DPF was not necessary when using biodiesel fuel. The DPF is effective for reducing both soot particles and SOF in PM at high and low engine loads. Self-regeneration of the DPF occurs when engine loads change from low to high and when potassium hydroxide catalysts are incorporated into the biodiesel production process; transesterification and refining process. We found that a diesel oxidation catalysts:DOC is effective at reducing SOF, unburned hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and aldehydes in exhaust emission. In addition, we devised a strategy for emission control using existing technologies. First, NOx emissions could be reduced by retarding the timing of injection such that it was the same as that of gasoil. This control of timing is particularly important given that the ignitability of biodiesel greater than that of gasoil. SOF in PM will be reduced by DPF, DOC and cetane improver at low engine loads. In general, soot emission associated with biodiesel is less than that of gasoil because biodiesel is oxygenated and free of aromatic hydrocarbon diesel fuel. Furthermore, soot emission can be suppressed by high-pressure injection and DPF, while the gaseous exhaust emissions, CO, HC, and aldehydes, will be reduced by DOC. Finally, the combination of conventional emission control technologies, DPF, DOC, fuel additives, will necessitate high-pressure injection in order to meet the stringent diesel engine emission targets for biodiesel-fuelled diesel engines by 2010.
Download or read book Cost Effectiveness and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.
Download or read book Engine Emission Control Technologies written by G. Amba Prasad Rao and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-06-09 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume covers the important issues related to environmental emissions from SI and CI engines as well as their formation and various pollution mitigation techniques. The book addresses aspects of improvements in engine modification, such as design modifications for enhanced performance, both with conventional fuels as well as with new and alternative fuels. It also explores some new combustion concepts that will help to pave the way for complying with new emission concepts. Alternative fuels are addressed in this volume to help mitigate harmful emissions, and alternative power sources for automobiles are also discussed briefly to cover the switch over from fueled engines to electrics, including battery-powered electric vehicles and fuel cells. The authors explain the different technologies available to date to overcome the limitations of conventional prime movers (fueled by both fossil fuels and alternative fuels). Topics examined include: • Engine modifications needed to limit harmful emissions • The use of engine after-treatment devices to contain emissions • The development of new combustion concepts • Adoption of alternative fuels in existing engines • Switching over to electrics—advantages and limitations • Specifications of highly marketed automobiles • Emission measurement methods
Download or read book Diesel Technology written by National Research Council (U.S.). Diesel Impacts Study Committee. Technology Panel and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1982 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advanced Direct Injection Combustion Engine Technologies and Development written by H Zhao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-12-18 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 2 of the two-volume set Advanced direct injection combustion engine technologies and development investigates diesel DI combustion engines, which despite their commercial success are facing ever more stringent emission legislation worldwide. Direct injection diesel engines are generally more efficient and cleaner than indirect injection engines and as fuel prices continue to rise DI engines are expected to gain in popularity for automotive applications. Two exclusive sections examine light-duty and heavy-duty diesel engines. Fuel injection systems and after treatment systems for DI diesel engines are discussed. The final section addresses exhaust emission control strategies, including combustion diagnostics and modelling, drawing on reputable diesel combustion system research and development. - Investigates how HSDI and DI engines can meet ever more stringent emission legislation - Examines technologies for both light-duty and heavy-duty diesel engines - Discusses exhaust emission control strategies, combustion diagnostics and modelling
Download or read book Optimizing Low Temperature Diesel Combustion LTC D FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies Program Solicitation for University Research and Graduate Automotice Technology Education GATE Centers of Excellence written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The engine industry is currently facing severe emissions mandates. Pollutant emissions from mobile sources are a major source of concern. For example, US EPA mandates require emissions of particulate and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from heavy-duty diesel engine exhaust to drop at least 90 percent between 1998 and 2010. Effective analysis of the combustion process is required to guide the selection of technologies for future development since exhaust after-treatment solutions are not currently available that can meet the required emission reduction goals. The goal of this project is to develop methods to optimize and control Low Temperature Combustion Diesel technologies (LTC-D) that offers the potential of nearly eliminating engine NOx and particulate emissions at reduced cost over traditional methods by controlling pollutant emissions in-cylinder. The work was divided into 5 Tasks, featuring experimental and modeling components: 1.) Fundamental understanding of LTC-D and advanced model development, 2.) Experimental investigation of LTC-D combustion control concepts, 3.) Application of detailed models for optimization of LTC-D combustion and emissions, 4.) Impact of heat transfer and spray impingement on LTC-D combustion, and 5.) Transient engine control with mixed-mode combustion. As described in the final report (December 2008), outcomes from the research included providing guidelines to the engine and energy industries for achieving optimal low temperature combustion operation through using advanced fuel injection strategies, and the potential to extend low temperature operation through manipulation of fuel characteristics. In addition, recommendations were made for improved combustion chamber geometries that are matched to injection sprays and that minimize wall fuel films. The role of fuel-air mixing, fuel characteristics, fuel spray/wall impingement and heat transfer on LTC-D engine control were revealed. Methods were proposed for transient engine operation during load and speed changes to extend LTC-D engine operating limits, power density and fuel economy. Low emissions engine design concepts were proposed and evaluated.
Download or read book An In Cylinder Study of Soot and NO in a DI Diesel Engine Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clearly the reduction of NOx and particulate emissions remains a major challenge to Diesel engine manufacturers due to increasingly stringent emission standards in the US and other countries. The well documented NOx/particulate trade-off observed in Diesel engines makes the simultaneous reduction of both emissions particularly difficult for manufacturers to achieve. In an effort to provide an improved understanding of the fundamental processes which result in this trade-off, a program was carried out at Penn State to develop the appropriate engine facilities and laser diagnostics to permit in-cylinder studies of Diesel combustion and emissions production with the support of the Department of Energy Advanced Industrial Technology Division . This work has also been supported by the Cummins Engine Company, Lubrizol Corporation and the National Science Foundation. An optically accessible, direct injection, Diesel engine was constructed for these studies. The major objective of the, design of the engine was to maximize optical access under conditions representative of Diesel engine combustion in small bore, commercial engines. Intake air is preheated and boosted in pressure to make the in-cylinder conditions of heat release and pressure as realistic as possible. Another important objective of the design was flexibility in combustion chamber geometry to permit a variety of head and bowl geometries to be studied. In all the results reported in this report a square bowl was used to simplify the introduction of laser light sheets into the engine.
Download or read book Diesel Combustion and Emissions written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Developments in Combustion Technology written by Konstantinos Kyprianidis and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-10-05 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past few decades, exciting developments have taken place in the field of combustion technology. The present edited volume intends to cover recent developments and provide a broad perspective of the key challenges that characterize the field. The target audience for this book includes engineers involved in combustion system design, operational planning and maintenance. Manufacturers and combustion technology researchers will also benefit from the timely and accurate information provided in this work. The volume is organized into five main sections comprising 15 chapters overall: - Coal and Biofuel Combustion - Waste Combustion - Combustion and Biofuels in Reciprocating Engines - Chemical Looping and Catalysis - Fundamental and Emerging Topics in Combustion Technology
Download or read book Internal Combustion Engines written by Institution of Mechanical Engineers and published by Woodhead Publishing Limited. This book was released on 2009-11-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary: This book contains the papers presented at the IMechE's Internal Combustion Engines: Performance, fuel economy and emissions conference, held at the IMechE, London, 8-9 December 2009. This conference, the latest in the successful biannual series on internal combustion engines, addresses drivers of change, technological developments and advances in the latest research. It examines developments for personal transport applications, though many of the drivers of change apply to light and heavy-duty, on and off-highway, transport and other sectors. The conference focuses on spark ignition engine technology for fuel economy, engine downsizing design and analysis, diesel engine design and analysis, and fuels. About the editors: The Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) is one of the leading professional engineering institutions in the world. Contents: SI ENGINES: TECHNOLOGY FOR FUEL ECONOMY A comparison of inlet valve operating strategies in a single cylinder spark ignition engine Future gasoline engine downsizing technologies - CO2 improvements and engine design considerations SI ENGINES: DOWNSIZING, DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Variable valve actuation enabled high efficiency gasoline engine A variable compression opposed-piston SI engine Application of high-precision absolute pressure sensors for gas exchange analysis DIESEL ENGINES: DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Effects of cooled and super-cooled low pressure EGR systems on the LD diesel engine performances Effect of compression ratio on combustion stability and performance of a DI diesel engine under cold conditions Effect of charge density on emissions in a HD-LTC diesel engine by retarding intake valve timing and rising boost pressure EMISSIONS CONTROL: NOx AND PARTICULATES Measures to improve the NOx-PM trade off for passenger car Diesel engines at elevated engine load Low particulate combustion development of the JCB Dieselmax mid-range off highway engine Exhaust inorganic nanoparticle emissions from internal combustion engines FUELS AND DIESEL ENGINES In-cylinder fuel injection and combustion analysis on 2nd generation bio-fuels in a single cylinder CR DI diesel optical engine Low NOx, low smoke operation of a diesel engine using a gasoline fuel Dual-fuel and low-carbon HGVs using bio methane Investigation of fuel properties and characterization of new generation alternative fuel for diesel engine LOW-TEMPERATURE COMBUSTION Hydrogen homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine with DME as an ignition promoter HCCI simulation of a non reciprocating internal combustion engine The effects of exhaust back pressure on conventional and low temperature diesel combustion FUELS AND SI ENGINES Omnivore: an automotive flex-fuel 2-stroke engine with variable compression ratio, variable charge trapping and direct fuel injection A study of gasoline-alcohol blended fuels in a turbocharged DISI engine The nature of "superknock" and its origins in SI engines
Download or read book Recent Technologies for Enhancing Performance and Reducing Emissions in Diesel Engines written by Basha, J. Sadhik and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-02-21 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today’s global context, there has been extensive research conducted in reducing harmful emissions to conserve and protect our environment. In the automobile and power generation industries, diesel engines are being utilized due to their high level of performance and fuel economy. However, these engines are producing harmful pollutants that contribute to several global threats including greenhouse gases and ozone layer depletion. Professionals have begun developing techniques to improve the performance and reduce emissions of diesel engines, but significant research is lacking in this area. Recent Technologies for Enhancing Performance and Reducing Emissions in Diesel Engines is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on technical and environmental enhancements to the emission and combustion characteristics of diesel engines. While highlighting topics such as biodiesel emulsions, nanoparticle additives, and mathematical modeling, this publication explores the potential additives that have been incorporated into the performance of diesel engines in order to positively affect the environment. This book is ideally designed for chemical and electrical engineers, developers, researchers, power generation professionals, mechanical practitioners, scholars, ecologists, scientists, graduate students, and academicians seeking current research on modern innovations in fuel processing and environmental pollution control.
Download or read book Particulate Emissions from Vehicles written by Peter Eastwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public health risks posed by automotive particulate emissions are well known. Such particles are sufficiently small to reach the deepest regions of the lungs; and moreover act as carriers for many potentially toxic substances. Historically, diesel engines have been singled out in this regard, but recent research shows the need to consider particulate emissions from gasoline engines as well. Already implicated in more than one respiratory disease, the strongest evidence in recent times points to particle-mediated cardiovascular disorders (strokes and heart attacks). Accordingly, legislation limiting particulate emissions is becoming increasingly stringent, placing great pressure on the automotive industry to produce cleaner vehicles - pressure only heightened by the ever-increasing number of cars on our roads. Particulate Emissions from Vehicles addresses a field of increased international interest and research activity; discusses the impact of new legislation globally on the automotive industry; and explains new ways of measuring particle size, number and composition that are currently under development. The expert analysis and summary of the state-of-the-art, which encompasses the key areas of combustion performance, measurement techniques and toxicology, will appeal to R&D practitioners and engineers working in the automotive industry and related mechanical fields, as well as postgraduate students and researchers of engine technology, air pollution and life/ environmental science. The public health aspects will also appeal to the biomedical research community.
Download or read book Effects of Oxygenated Fuels on Direct Injection Diesel Combustion and Emissions written by Brian Eric Hallgren and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
