Download or read book Teaching Machines in the Modern Military Organization written by Gordon A. Eckstrand and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Teaching Machines written by Audrey Watters and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2023-02-07 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How ed tech was born: Twentieth-century teaching machines--from Sidney Pressey's mechanized test-giver to B. F. Skinner's behaviorist bell-ringing box. Contrary to popular belief, ed tech did not begin with videos on the internet. The idea of technology that would allow students to "go at their own pace" did not originate in Silicon Valley. In Teaching Machines, education writer Audrey Watters offers a lively history of predigital educational technology, from Sidney Pressey's mechanized positive-reinforcement provider to B. F. Skinner's behaviorist bell-ringing box. Watters shows that these machines and the pedagogy that accompanied them sprang from ideas--bite-sized content, individualized instruction--that had legs and were later picked up by textbook publishers and early advocates for computerized learning. Watters pays particular attention to the role of the media--newspapers, magazines, television, and film--in shaping people's perceptions of teaching machines as well as the psychological theories underpinning them. She considers these machines in the context of education reform, the political reverberations of Sputnik, and the rise of the testing and textbook industries. She chronicles Skinner's attempts to bring his teaching machines to market, culminating in the famous behaviorist's efforts to launch Didak 101, the "pre-verbal" machine that taught spelling. (Alternate names proposed by Skinner include "Autodidak," "Instructomat," and "Autostructor.") Telling these somewhat cautionary tales, Watters challenges what she calls "the teleology of ed tech"--the idea that not only is computerized education inevitable, but technological progress is the sole driver of events.

Download or read book USAF Instructors Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 1280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book USAF Instructor s Journal written by United States. Air Force. Air Training Command and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Classroom Arsenal written by Douglas D. Noble and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A quarter of a century after its initial publication, The Classroom Arsenal remains pivotal in understanding and challenging the relentless promotion of technology to reform education. This seemingly benign education technology juggernaut carries forward the momentum of military agendas in man-machine systems detailed in the book. Promoters continue to flood schools with technology and its (still unfulfilled) promise of cutting edge, "personalized learning." Meanwhile, they continue as well their insatiable pursuit of federal funding, educational legitimacy, corporate profits, and access to student subjects and their accumulated learning data for product development.? Less understood, though, is a companion enterprise, there from the start, to replace teaching and learning in traditional classrooms by efficient automated systems that manage and monitor human cognition and learning for high-performance systems, from weapons systems to high tech corporations. As education is moved?imperceptibly away from its traditional humanistic aims and from the classroom itself, the goal of this human engineering project, the depersonalized accumulation of cognitive components for a 21st century militarized economy, best befits the book’s original title: "The Human Arsenal." This ongoing military/corporate-sponsored enterprise continues to impact education today, largely unnoticed. One example is the federally-funded Advanced Distributed Learning Initiative (ADL), which has been a major force behind the implementation of electronic learning systems, now used in all Defense Department and federal employee training. With the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) ADL is developing structures to capture students’ soft skills, and the Army Research Laboratory is developing "intelligent tutoring systems" to enable "instructional management of affect, engagement, and grit (perseverance)." ADL through the Department of Defense has developed Experience API, a learning technology that can monitor all student online and offline interactions and archive these in date lockers or learning record stores. ADL has already impacted thousands of school districts through nonprofits such as IMS Global and Future Ready Schools, part of an industry massively subsidized by high tech corporations and valued at $255 billion annually. A $90 million Advanced Research Projects Agency for Education (ARPA-ED), modeled after the military’s ARPA,?has been proposed to fund "dramatic breakthroughs in learning and teaching." These include "digital tutors as effective as personal tutors" and, with the Navy’s Full Spectrum Learning project, "data collection tools for personalized education modeled after corporate data analysis that identifies consumer patterns and preferences." ADL is just one example of how the military/corporate ed tech enterprise is changing public education by hollowing?it out into something that can be digitized, data-driven, automated, and monitored. Its promoters envision education as children interacting with online learning systems where, based on past performance, algorithms will serve up what each student needs to know next. Through this digital curriculum, students create virtual educational identities at very young ages and learning devices are watching students as much as students are watching them. Such is the education landscape presaged by The Classroom Arsenal a quarter century ago, whose origins and trajectories need to be deeply understood now more than ever.

Download or read book U S Government Research Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 1216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Programmed Instruction and Teaching Machines written by Jerome Edward Leavitt and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Programmed Instruction Teaching Machines written by William Edward Dodd and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International annotated bibliography on the application of programmed instruction to vocational training and the learning of languages - includes USA research abstracts, teaching methods and training centres, periodicals on the psychological aspects of education, directories of information sources, and references.

Download or read book Air Force Manual written by United States. Department of the Air Force and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Instructors Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Personnel Literature written by United States. Office of Personnel Management. Library and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Motivation and the Automation of Training a Literature Review written by Alvin Ugelow and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlling the motivation of learner in their continuing use of the new auto-instructional devices could become a serious problem, since neither the devices themselves nor the performance knowledge they provide seems sufficient to maintain extended participation in the instruction. A selective review of the literature on knowledge of results, praise and reproof, competition, task interruption, and readability suggests techniques for better controlling such participation. Potentially useful applications are discussed, and limited try-out of variations, both within the program and instructional environment, is encouraged. (Author).

Download or read book Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Programmed Instruction a Selected Bibliography written by Charles S. Morrill and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An extensice list of publication concerned with programmed instruciton. Listing is alphabetical by author or, in case of corporate author, by title.

Download or read book Communication Processes written by Frank A. Geldard and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-05-03 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Communication Processes contains the proceedings of a Symposium on Communication Processes held in Washington, D.C. held in 1963 under the auspices of the NATO Science Committee. The symposium provided a forum for discussing communication processes, with participants exploring a wide range of topics organized around data presentation and transmission; language barriers and language training; group communication; and man-computer communication. This volume is comprised of 19 chapters and begins with an overview of research in communication processes, followed by a discussion on the role of science and technology in the Atlantic community. The next chapter is devoted to data presentation, with emphasis on information processing and human factor problems, including the role of redundancy in improving perceptual discrimination. The role of the human operator with respect to the use of speech, the use of keyboards and continuous controls, and the monitoring of some automatic process is then examined. Subsequent chapters deal with the language barrier as an obstacle to communication and how language training can help overcome it; group communication; and man-computer communication. The nature of human-computer interaction and the problems of man-computer communications are examined. This book will be helpful to practitioners and researchers of communication.

Download or read book Catalog of Technical Reports written by United States. Dept. of Commerce. Office of Technical Services and published by . This book was released on with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Technical Report S written by United States. Army. Behavioral Science Research Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: