Download or read book Tau Neutrino Component to Tritium Beta Decay written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A framework is given for explaining anomalous results of neutrino mass experiments that measure the high energy electron spectrum of tritium[beta] decay. The experimental results have been fit to a negative neutrino mass square. We show that there is a consistent phenomenological interpretation due to a positive mass tau neutrino component of the[beta] decay spectrum, with strong near threshold final state interactions with the He nucleus. If this enhancement is due to new interactions between low energy tau neutrinos and nuclei, then the tritium 0 decay experiments could be used as detectors for cosmic background tau neutrinos. The model predicts a distinctive spectrum shape that is consistent with a recent high statistics LLNL experiment. A fit to the experiment gives a tau neutrino mass of 23 eV. Tau neutrinos of this mass would dominate the mass of the universe. Requirements for a theoretical model are given, as well as models that realize different aspects of these requirements. While qualitatively successful, the theoretical models have such severe quantitative difficulties that the accuracy of the molecular physics of the T-[sup 3]He ion, assumed in the analysis of the experimental data, is called into question.
Download or read book Investigation of Neutrino Mass and Mixing in Tritium Beta Decay written by Moustafa Yahia Bahran and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics of Massive Neutrinos written by Felix Boehm and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992-06-26 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrinos play a decisive part in nuclear and elementary particle physics, as well as in astrophysics and cosmology. Some of their most basic properties, such as their mass and charge conjugation symmetry, are largely unknown. This book focuses on what we know and may hope to know about the mass of the neutrino and its particle-antiparticle symmetry. Topics include neutrino mixing, neutrino decay, neutrino oscillations, double beta decay, solar neutrinos, supernova neutrinos and related issues. The authors stress the physical concepts, and discuss both theoretical and experimental techniques. This updated second edition differs from the first in that it contains an expanded coverage of experimental results and theoretical advances. Since publication of the first edition, many issues that were at that time unresolved, such as tritium beta decay and reactor neutrino oscillations, have been clarified and are discussed here. Also included is an expanded coverage of solar and supernova neutrinos. This book deals with one of the most intriguing issues in modern physics, and will be of value to researchers, graduate students and advanced undergraduates specializing in experimental and theoretical particle physics and nuclear physics.
Download or read book The Beta Spectrum of Tritium and the Mass of the Neutrino written by Robert James Douglas Moffat and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Assessment of Anti neutrino Mass Determination Via Electrostatic Measurement of Tritium Beta decay written by Philip Andrew Le Bas and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Current Aspects of Neutrino Physics written by David O. Caldwell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, written by leading experts of the field, gives an excellent up-to-date overview of modern neutrino physics and is useful for scientists and graduate students alike. The book starts with a history of neutrinos and then develops from the fundamentals to the direct determination of masses and lifetimes. The role of neutrinos in fundamental astrophysical problems is discussed in detail.
Download or read book Molecular Effects in Tritium Beta decay Neutrino mass Measurements written by Laura I. Bodine and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of the molecular final state distribution is crucial to extracting a neutrino mass from molecular tritium-based experiments including the upcoming Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Mass Experiment. This dissertation studies molecular systematics for the upcoming neutrino mass measurements and discusses the measurement of molecular dissociation as a test of final state distribution calculations.
Download or read book Molecular Effects in the Neutrino Mass Determination from Beta decay of the Tritium Molecule written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular final state energies and transition probabilities have been computed for beta-decay of the tritium molecule. The results are of sufficient accuracy to make a determination of the electron neutrino rest mass with an error not exceeding a few tenths of an electron volt. Effects of approximate models of tritium beta-decay on the neutrino mass determination are discussed. 14 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.
Download or read book Techniques for Direct Neutrino Mass Measurement Utilizing Tritium beta decay written by Daniel Lawrence Furse and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis documents efforts performed in the service to two direct neutrino mass experiments, namely KATRIN at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Karlsruhe, Germany and Project8 at the University of Washington in Seattle. These experiments aim to utilize a measurement of the shape of the endpoint of the tritium beta decay spectrum to determine the neutrino mass, which is a technique that relies only on basic kinematics and enjoys a long and distinguished history. Additionally, these experiments utilize classical electrodynamics in their analysis of the beta electron spectrum, at KATRIN through the use of a MAC-E filter and at Project8 through magnetic confinement of electrons within a waveguide and the measurement of their weakly energy dependent relativistic cyclotron frequencies, which is an entirely new technique. In the thesis, both experiments are described in detail with particular attention paid to the components involved in energy analysis. Exploiting these experiments' similarities, an extensive simulation package called KASSIOPEIA has been prepared, which is the principal effort described herein. KASSIOPEIA is applied to both KATRIN and Project8, which in the case of KATRIN delivers valuable and detailed information regarding the performance of the electrostatic spectrometers used there, in particular the main and monitor spectrometers. In its application to Project8, KASSIOPEIA is used to determine precise electron trajectories, which can be used to simulate the signals these electrons induce in the waveguide. This thesis also includes experimental results obtained at the monitor spectrometer of the KATRIN experiment, which demonstrate the efficacy of the magnetic pulse technique at ejecting problematic stored electrons at MAc-E filters. The magnetic pulse technique relies on using a set of external aircoils surrounding a MAC-E filter to reverse and rapidly restore the magnetic field in the spectrometer symmetry plane, causing stored particle to hit the vessel walls. Owing to its success as demonstrated in this work, this technique will be employed at the main spectrometer during the upcoming data taking run at KATRIN. Finally, this thesis presents some results from the inaugural run at Project8, which showed that the theretofore undemonstrated technique, named Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy (CRES), is capable of detecting the signal a single electron excites in a waveguide as it its magnetically trapped inside. In the history of tritium based neutrino mass experiments this technique is unique, and presents an entirely complimentary approach to that used at KATRIN. Based as it is on a frequency measurement, the technique shows great promise to mature into an extremely high precision form of electron spectroscopy, with many applications throughout nuclear physics.
Download or read book Neutrino Mass written by Guido Altarelli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-02-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the current state of knowledge of neutrino masses and the related question of neutrino oscillations. After an overview of the theory of neutrino masses and mixings, detailed accounts are given of the laboratory limits on neutrino masses, astrophysical and cosmological constraints on those masses, experimental results on neutrino oscillations, the theoretical interpretation of those results, and theoretical models of neutrino masses and mixings. The book concludes with an examination of the potential of long-baseline experiments. This is an essential reference text for workers in elementary-particle physics, nuclear physics, and astrophysics.
Download or read book The Tritium Recycling System for the Neutrino Mass Experiment at Texas NEXTEX written by Michael Eckart and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades people have tried to measure the rest masses of the neutrinos, but this quest has not yet been successful. The most commonly used method to determine the rest mass of the electron anti-neutrino is to measure the high energy end of the tritium beta decay spectrum. Various experiments suffered from conceptional problems, so that currently only an upper limit of 2.3 eV is known for the rest mass of the electron anti-neutrino. The Neutrino Experiment at the University of Texas (NEXTEX) has been thoroughly designed to avoid many problems that have been encountered in former attempts to measure the rest mass. The goal of NEXTEX is to lower the upper limit to less than 0.8 eV and by doing so possibly measure the rest mass of the electron anti-neutrino for the first time. The tritium recycling system is an important part of this experiment and the purpose of this thesis is not only to describe this recycling system in detail, but also to provide information about various potential problems that might arise and how they have been solved. These potential problems include catalysts, unwanted surface reactions and the solubility of tritium in Fomblin. The latter has just recently been investigated and a great deal of attention will therefore be dedicated to the presentation of the latest results.
Download or read book KATRIN written by A. Osipowicz and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Problems and Progress in Tritium Beta Decay written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been nearly eight years since the group led by Lubimov first saw evidence for a finite neutrino mass in the tritium beta decay spectrum. Their measurement provided a great stimulus to the field; the number of experiments currently underway reflects the significance of their claim. The fact that further data are only now beginning to appear reflects the difficulty of this measurement. As an introduction to related papers in these proceedings, we briefly consider the key elements involved in neutrino-mass measurements using tritium beta decay and list the experiments currently underway in the field. 5 refs., 1 tab.
Download or read book The Physics of Neutrinos written by Vernon Barger and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-30 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physics of neutrinos--uncharged elementary particles that are key to helping us better understand the nature of our universe--is one of the most exciting frontiers of modern science. This book provides a comprehensive overview of neutrino physics today and explores promising new avenues of inquiry that could lead to future breakthroughs. The Physics of Neutrinos begins with a concise history of the field and a tutorial on the fundamental properties of neutrinos, and goes on to discuss how the three neutrino types interchange identities as they propagate from their sources to detectors. The book shows how studies of neutrinos produced by such phenomena as cosmic rays in the atmosphere and nuclear reactions in the solar interior provide striking evidence that neutrinos have mass, and it traces our astounding progress in deciphering the baffling experimental findings involving neutrinos. The discovery of neutrino mass offers the first indication of a new kind of physics that goes beyond the Standard Model of elementary particles, and this book considers the unanticipated patterns in the masses and mixings of neutrinos in the framework of proposed new theoretical models. The Physics of Neutrinos maps out the ambitious future facilities and experiments that will advance our knowledge of neutrinos, and explains why the way forward in solving the outstanding questions in neutrino science will require the collective efforts of particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, and cosmology.
Download or read book Tritium Neutrino Mass Experiments written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current status of the experimental search for neutrino mass is reviewed, with emphasis on direct kinematic methods, such as the beta decay of tritium. The situation concerning the electron neutrino mass as measured in tritium beta decay is essentially unchanged from a year ago, although a great deal of experimental work is in progress. The ITEP group continues to find evidence for a nonzero mass, now slightly revised to 26(5) eV. After correcting for recently discovered errors in the energy loss distribution and source thickness, however, the Z/umlt u/rich group still claims and upper limit of 18 eV. There may be evidence for neutrino mass and mixing in the SN1987a data, in the same range suggested by the ITEP experiment. 42 refs., 3 figs.
Download or read book Neutrinos in Cosmology Astro Particle and Nuclear Physics written by Amand Faessler and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-06-06 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrinos in Cosmology, Astro, Particle and Nuclear Physics
Download or read book From the sun s energy source to the formation of the solar system written by Dan Bar-Zohar and published by Dan Bar Zohar. This book was released on 2006-12-04 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest observation of hundreds of exoplanets and the discovery of supermassive black hole at the center of many galaxies set the foundation for the theory presented in this book. The theory suggest that the sun and stars energy source is not from fusion, but instead from magnetic fields spreads in the galaxy by the supermassive black hole at the center of every galaxy. This idea changes every aspect of astronomy and cosmology. The big bang is no longer necessary to explain the source of the mass in the universe and the expansion of the universe. According to this theory the matter in the universe is created in the cores of stars by conversion of energy to mass. The expansion of the universe is induced by the rapid formation of new galaxies. Stars grow slowly and gradually over tens of billion of years by conversion of energy to mass. The gradual growth of stars and the planet search programs that found hundreds of nearby planets indicate that stars are born from planets. This invalidates the solar nebula hypothesis as the source of the stars and the solar system. Stars fluctuate from a main sequence state to a red giant state. They stay in the main sequence when they receive strong magnetic fields and they turn into a red giant when the magnetic fields are weakened. The sun also fluctuated from a main sequence to a red giant. When the sun was a red giant it had strong solar wind that supplied the material to created the planets. The solar system contains hard evidence that the sun was a red giant, those are short lived isotopes and chondrules. The fact that there is hard evidenced to a red giant sun confirm this theory. Highlights of this theory include the following: 1. The sun energy source is from magnetic fields from the galactic center. 2. The heat induced by the magnetic fields leads to high energy collision between particle in the sun core that creates new particle and increase the sun mass. 3. All the stars in the galaxy create new mass so the total mass and the size of the galaxy is increasing. 4. The stars in the galaxy eject dust that freefall to the galactic center supermassive black hole. Thorough the dynamo effect the gravitational potential energy of the debris and dust is converted to magnetic fields. 5. As the galaxy mass and size increase, globular clusters are detached form the main galaxy to create new galaxies. 6. Galaxies spawn new galaxies and the total number of galaxies in the universe increase. 7. The universe expands and accelerates from the increase in the number of the galaxies. 8. The Big Bang cosmological model is replaced by a new cosmological model that resembles the steady state theory. 9. Stars grow gradually from conversion of energy to mass. 10.Stars are born from planets, they first grow by accretion and then by conversion of energy to mass. 11.Stars fluctuate from main sequence to a red giant. When the magnetic fields are strong the star is in the main sequence, when the magnetic fields are weakened the star turn to a red giant. 12.The sun was a red giant 4.6 billions years ago. 13.The planets were created from the strong solar wind of the red giant sun.
