Download or read book Taking the Long View on Competition and the Mobile Employee written by Catherine Fisk and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An early twenty-first century effort by a national organization of lawyers and scholars in the United States to revise the law of employment provoked bitter disagreement over the proper contours of the law governing employee use of knowledge in competition with current or former employers. The controversy replicates a centuries-old debate over legal restrictions on employee mobility. Since the American colonies first began to recruit skilled British artisans to emigrate in violation of British law, Anglo-American courts and lawyers have disputed whether restrictions on employee mobility help or hinder economic development and free intellectual inquiry. While some uses of confidential workplace knowledge in post-employment competition may be wrongful, many recognize that information flows associated with employee mobility foster innovation. Moreover, as knowledge is inevitably both an attribute of employees and an asset of companies, strong moral as well as practical considerations limit the extent to which companies can and should invoke law to prevent competition from former employees. Businesses are even less likely than lawyers to reach a consensus about the desirable level of protection against competition from former employees. In cases pitting an enterprising employee against his or her former employer, it is always in the company's interest to restrict employee mobility. In the aggregate, however, companies benefit from employee mobility at least as much as they are harmed by it, for departing employees usually go to work for other companies that recruit employees to gain the benefit of their knowledge. Although some companies may believe they will be net consumers of technology developed by others and thus may want relatively lax restrictions on employee mobility, others may believe they are and will remain industry leaders or technology pioneers and may want stronger protections. This chapter responds to an invitation to offer lessons from the past to inform debates about the proper scope of legal regulation of postemployment competition. I offer two. The first is that the relationship between law, the rate and direction of innovation, and the welfare of a region or an economy as a whole is difficult to assess objectively and the optimal legal rules are likely to be a matter of substantial controversy. From the persistence of controversy flows the inescapable fact that clarity and precision in the law are unlikely to be obtained. The lack of legal clarity stymies efforts to identify which legal rules are correlated with which patterns of economic development, simply because it will be hard to know what companies and employees actually regarded the law as being and what legal rules actually were enforced. A second lesson of the past is that the norms of the workplace and the industry have always been as important as the law in determining the transmission of knowledge from employee mobility. In some eras, industries, and companies, employees controlled quite a bit of the intellectual property they produced. In others they did not. Even companies with restrictive policies toward IP ownership and postemployment competition negotiated individual arrangements granting some employees substantial control over their ideas. Moreover, scholarly and trade press literature documenting the twentieth century history of large companies' knowledge management policies suggests that companies with internal labor markets struggled to develop suggestion systems and other policies to motivate their employees to innovate. Thus, companies recognized the importance of norms even as they confronted limits on their power to create or change them. The conclusion that follows from these two lessons is that robust economic development can occur in legal regimes that treat employee knowledge as mobile and in those that treat it as the property of the employer and restrict knowledge mobility. Relatively little is known about the optimal level of restrictions on knowledge transmission associated with employee mobility. In the US, until the late nineteenth century, companies had few legal rights to restrict competition or use of knowledge by former employees, yet the nineteenth century witnessed rapid economic growth and technological development.1 Moreover, as scholars who have studied the growth of computer technology in the middle and late part of the twentieth century have shown, Silicon Valley grew notwithstanding, and may even have prospered precisely because, California does not enforce non-compete agreements against employees and Silicon Valley employers seldom resorted to trade secret litigation before the 1990s.2 In the early- and mid-twentieth century, however, some innovative companies did restrict transmission of employee knowledge. Both knowledge-protective legal regimes and lax legal regimes have existed in places and periods of economic growth.
Download or read book Research Handbook on Intellectual Property Rights and Inclusivity written by Cristiana Sappa and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2024-06-05 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This insightful Research Handbook discusses how exclusive intellectual property rights can affect inclusivity within individual, community and business contexts. It employs urban and rural frameworks to provide a multidimensional view of contemporary inclusivity and its relationship with intellectual property.
Download or read book Business Innovation and the Law written by Marilyn J. Pittard and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Business Innovation and the Law analyses the topical issue of protecting and promoting business research and development. It does so by examining business innovation through the lens of different legal disciplines Ð intellectual property, labour and employment laws, competition and corporate laws. Evaluating the impact of each of these areas using discipline-specific and industry perspectives, the book also explores questions about whether a more harmonized approach is necessary to provide appropriate protection. Approaches of the common law and civil jurisdictions, particularly the European Union, inform and provide guidance to the analysis of emerging issues in this field. This book provides insights into various approaches taken by both common law and civil law jurisdictions regarding the increasingly blurred line of ownership rights in innovative industries. It traverses various disciplines of law as well as jurisdictions. Using interdisciplinary perspectives to business innovation and inter-jurisdictional comparisons and analysis, this book will appeal to university administrators responsible for intellectual property policy, managers of technology transfer offices in universities, intellectual property lawyers, labour and employment lawyers and competition lawyers.
Download or read book The Ashgate Companion to the History of Textile Workers 1650 2000 written by Els Hiemstra-Kuperus and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 861 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This impressive collection offers the first systematic global and comparative history of textile workers over the course of 350 years. This period covers the major changes in wool and cotton production, and the global picture from pre-industrial times through to the twentieth century. After an introduction, the first part of the book is divided into twenty national studies on textile production over the period 1650-2000. To make them useful tools for international comparisons, each national overview is based on a consistent framework that defines the topics and issues to be treated in each chapter. The countries described have been selected to included the major historic producers of woollen and cotton fabrics, and the diversity of global experience, and include not only European nations, but also Argentina, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Japan, Mexico, Turkey, Uruguay and the USA. The second part of the book consists of ten comparative papers on topics including globalization and trade, organization of production, space, identity, workplace, institutions, production relations, gender, ethnicity and the textile firm. These are based on the national overviews and additional literature, and will help apply current interdisciplinary and cultural concerns to a subject traditionally viewed largely through a social and economic history lens. Whilst offering a unique reference source for anyone interested in the history of a particular country's textile industry, the true strength of this project lies in its capacity of international comparison. By providing global comparative studies of key textile industries and workers, both geographically and thematically, this book provides a comprehensive and contemporary analysis of a major element of the world's economy. This allows historians to challenge many of the received ideas about globalization, for instance, highlighting how global competition for lower production costs is by no means a uniquely modern issue, and has b
Download or read book Readings and Exercises in Organizational Behavior written by Jane W. Gibson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-03 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reading and Exercises in Organizational Behavior covers readings and exercises on organizational behavior. The book presents articles on organizational behavior foundations, individual behavior in organizations, as well as group behavior in organizations. The text also includes articles on organizational design, job design, and the effects of job stress on performance. Articles on organizational processes dealing with decision making, communication, and performance appraisal are also considered. The book concludes by demonstrating articles on the nature and scope of organizational effectiveness, including topics on organizational climate, organizational change, and organizational development. Behavioral psychologists and students taking organizational behavior courses will find the text invaluable.
Download or read book Workers in Hard Times written by Leon Fink and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 2014-02-15 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seeking to historicize the 2007-2009 Great Recession, this volume of essays situates the current economic crisis and its impact on workers in the context of previous abrupt shifts in the modern-day capitalist marketplace. Contributors use examples from industrialized North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Australia to demonstrate how workers and states have responded to those shifts and to their disempowering effects on labor. Since the Industrial Revolution, contributors argue, factors such as race, sex, and state intervention have mediated both the effect of economic depressions on workers' lives and workers' responses to those depressions. Contributors also posit a varying dynamic between political upheaval and economic crises, and between workers and the welfare state. The volume ends with an examination of today's "Great Recession": its historical distinctiveness, its connection to neoliberalism, and its attendant expressions of worker status and agency around the world. A sobering conclusion lays out a likely future for workers--one not far removed from the instability and privation of the nineteenth century. The essays in this volume offer up no easy solutions to the challenges facing today's workers. Nevertheless, they make clear that cogent historical thinking is crucial to understanding those challenges, and they push us toward a rethinking of the relationship between capital and labor, the waged and unwaged, and the employed and jobless. Contributors are Sven Beckert, Sean Cadigan, Leon Fink, Alvin Finkel, Wendy Goldman, Gaetan Heroux, Joseph A. McCartin, David Montgomery, Edward Montgomery, Scott Reynolds Nelson, Melanie Nolan, Bryan D. Palmer, Joan Sangster, Judith Stein, Hilary Wainright, and Lu Zhang.
Download or read book The Politics of American Economic Policy Making written by Paul Peretz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-16 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reader on American government and the economy. It contains wide-ranging articles by people such as Richard Musgrave, Milton Friedman, James Buchanan, and Alan Greenspan.
Download or read book West s South Western Reporter written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mobile Enterprise Transition and Management written by Bhuvan Unhelkar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-06-25 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the rapid evolution of global communications, this book provides step-by-step guidance on how to configure, enact, and manage the process of integrating mobile technology within an organization. The mobile enterprise transition (MET) process presented considers input from the four significant dimensions of an organization - economic, technical, process, and social - making it a well-rounded and complete process. Based on extensive research, literature review, and practical experimentation, this comprehensive text presents emerging best practices, exhaustive case studies, and examples of successful transitions. It also provides detailed references, and a glossary of key terms and commonly used acronyms.
Download or read book Administrative Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book World Yearbook of Education 2008 written by Debbie Epstein and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines higher education in globalized conditions through a focus on the spatial, historic and economic relations of power in which it is embedded. Distinct geometries of power are emerging as the knowledge production capability of universities is increasingly globalized. Changes in the organization and practices of higher education tend to travel from the ‘West to the rest’. Thus, distinctive geographies of knowledge are being produced, intersected by geometries of power and raising questions about the recognition, production, control and usage of university-produced knowledge in different regions of the world. What flows of power and influence can be traced in the shifting geographies of higher education? How do national systems locate themselves in global arenas, and what consequences does such positioning have for local practices and relations of higher education? How do universities and university workers respond to the increasing commodification of knowledge? How do consumers of knowledge assess the quality of the ‘goods’ on offer in a global marketplace? The 2008 volume of the World yearbook addresses these questions, highlighting four key areas: Producing and Reproducing the University— How is the university adapting to the pressures of globalization? Supplying Knowledge—What structural and cultural changes are demanded from the university in its new role as a free market supplier of knowledge? Demanding Knowledge—Marketing and Consumption—How can consumers best assess the quality of education on a global scale? Transnational Academic Flows—What trends are evident in the flow of students, knowledge and capital, with what consequences? The 2008 volume is interdisciplinary in its approach, drawing on scholarship from accounting, finance and human geography as well as from the field of education. Transnational influences examined include UNESCO and OECD, GATS and the effects of digital technologies. Contrasting contexts include Central and Eastern Europe, Finland, China and India and England. With its emphasis on the interrelationship of knowledge and power, and its attention to emergent spatial inequalities, Geographies of Knowledge, Geometries of Power: Framing the Future of Higher Education provides a rich and compelling resource for understanding emergent practices and relations of knowledge production and exchange in global higher education.
Download or read book Transactions from the Annual Spring Conference and Resource Mart written by Association for Quality and Participation. Spring Conference and Resource Mart and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Women s Productive and Reproductive Labour written by Ayşe Arslan and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-27 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at the dynamic relationship between women’s productive and reproductive work in a Global South country from a Global South perspective. Applying a feminist political economy and historical materialist approach and building on an ethnographic extended case study, it analyses the relationships between class and gender across both the productive and reproductive realms at the macro and micro levels in the case of women garment workers in Turkey. Overall, it shows that the material and social conditions of women’s productive and reproductive work co-constitute each other. It suggests that productive and social reproductive labour should be examined as an integrated process and an interrelated social relation, in constant dialogue with other social relations. This book is of interest to researchers and students in the disciplines of gender studies, labour studies, feminist economics, sociology and development studies. Given that most studies on social reproduction have largely focused on the Global North, this book is of particular interest to those in search of a more comprehensive and holistic understanding. It is also of great relevance to policymakers concerned with gender and labour issues as well as labour and feminist activists.
Download or read book Fabricating the Keynesian Revolution written by David Laidler and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-03-28 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the emergence, in the inter-war years, of what came to be called 'Keynesian macroeconomics'.
Download or read book Review of Marketing Research written by Naresh Malhotra and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-19 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2017. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an Informa company.
Download or read book Human Resource Management Print and Interactive E Text written by Raymond J. Stone and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-09-15 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of Raymond Stone's Human Resource Management is an AHRI endorsed title that has evolved into a modern, relevant and practical resource for first-year HRM students. This concise 15-chapter textbook gives your students the best chance of transitioning successfully into their future profession by giving them relatable professional insights and encouragement to exercise their skills in authentic workplace scenarios.
Download or read book The Future of Human Resource Management written by Mike Losey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-05-13 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sixty-three stellar academics, consultants, and practitioners look at the future of human resources The follow-up to the bestselling Tomorrow's HR Management (978-0-471-19714-0), this book presents an international panel of expert contributors who offer their views on the state of HR and what to expect in the future. Topics covered include HR as a decision science, understanding and managing people, creating and adapting organizational culture, the effects of globalization, collaborative ventures, and investing in the next generation. Like its bestselling predecessor before it, The Future of Human Resource Management offers the very best thinking on the future of HR from the most respected leaders in the field.
