Download or read book Systematic review of effects on biodiversity from oil palm production written by Sini Savilaakso and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2014-12-29 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past decade there has been a growing interest in bioenergy, driven by concerns about global climate change, growing energy demand, and depleting fossil fuel reserves. The predicted rise in biofuel demand makes it important to understand the potential consequences of expanding biofuel cultivation. A systematic review was conducted on the biodiversity impacts of three first-generation biofuel crops (oil palm, soybean, and jatropha) in the tropics. The study focused on the impacts on species richness, abundance (total number of individuals or occurrences), community composition, and ecosystem functions related to species richness and community composition.
Download or read book Systematic Review of Effects on Biodiversity from Oil Palm Production written by Sini Savilaakso and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Palm oil and biodiversity written by Sini Savilaakso and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2014-06-10 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The environmental impacts of palm oil production have been in the spotlight for many years. Opinions abound about the impacts of oil palm plantations on biodiversity and ecosystem function, but how many of these are supported by research and to what extent are policies and practice informed by science? This Info Brief summarizes a systematic review of the scientific evidence and highlights some of the findings of immediate interest to policy and research communities.
Download or read book Social impacts of oil palm in Indonesia written by Tania Murray Li and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2015-05-07 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil palm plantations and smallholdings are expanding massively in Indonesia. Proponents highlight the potential for job creation and poverty alleviation, but scholars are more cautious, noting that social impacts of oil palm are not well understood. This report draws upon primary research in West Kalimantan to explore the gendered dynamics of oil palm among smallholders and plantation workers. It concludes that the social and economic benefits of oil palm are real, but restricted to particular social groups. Among smallholders in the research area, couples who were able to sustain diverse farming systems and add oil palm to their repertoire benefited more than transmigrants, who had to survive on limited incomes from a 2-ha plot.
Download or read book Does production of oil palm soybean or jatropha change biodiversity and ecosystem functions in tropical forests written by Sini Savilaakso and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2014-12-29 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofuels, or fuels derived from transformation of biological matter, are hailed by some as a promising source of renewable energy potentially reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A widespread adoption of biofuels will however present its own set of challenges and consequences. Direct or indirect land use change due to expansion of feedstock cultivation can cause deforestation and forest degradation leading to biodiversity losses and other environmental concerns like soil degradation and erosion, water pollution and scarcity, and the risk of crop species invading natural ecosystems. Although biofuel production is currently not the main use of palm oil and soybean and hence, has so far contributed only little to the land-use change patterns, it has been predicted to grow. Therefore, it is important to know the potential consequences of the expansion of biofuel cultivation may have for biodiversity in order to provide policy guidance.
Download or read book The palm oil global value chain written by Pacheco, P. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2017-03-03 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is abundant literature focusing on the palm oil sector, which has grown into a vigorous sector with production originating mainly from Malaysia and Indonesia, and on increased palm oil consumption in many countries around the globe, particularly European Union states, China and India. This sector expansion has become quite controversial, because while it has negative social and environmental impacts, it also leads to positive benefits in generating fiscal earnings for producing countries and regular income streams for a large number of large- and small-scale growers involved in palm oil production. This document reviews how the social, ecological, and environmental dynamics and associated implications of the global palm oil sector have grown in complexity over time, and examines the policy and institutional factors affecting the sector's development at the global and national levels. This work examines the geographies of production, consumption and trade of palm oil and its derivatives, and describes the structure of the global palm oil value chain, with special emphasis on Malaysia and Indonesia. In addition, this work reviews the main socioenvironmental impacts and trade-offs associated with the palm oil sector's expansion, with a primary focus on Indonesia. The main interest is on the social impacts this has on local populations, smallholders and workers, as well as the environmental impacts on deforestation and their associated effects on carbon emissions and biodiversity loss. Finally, the growing complexity of the global oil palm value chain has also driven diverse types of developments in the complex oil palm policy regime governing the sector's expansion. This work assesses the main features of this emerging policy regime involving public and private actors, with emphasis on Indonesia. There are multiple efforts supporting the transition to a more sustainable palm oil production; yet the lack of a coordinated public policy, effective incentives and consistent enforcement is clear and obvious. The emergence of numerous privately driven initiatives with greater involvement of civil society organizations brings new opportunities for enhancing the sector's governance; yet the uptake of voluntary standards remains slow, and any push for the adoption of more stringent standards may only widen the gap between large corporations and medium- and smallscale growers. Greater harmonization between voluntary and mandatory standards, as well as among private initiatives is required. Commitments to deforestation-free supply chains have the potential to reduce undesired environmental impacts from oil palm expansion, and while this risks excluding smallholders from the supply chains, such commitments may function to leverage the upgrading of smallholder production systems. Their success, however, will require greater public and private sector collaboration.
Download or read book The Tropical Oil Crop Revolution written by Derek Byerlee and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a broad synthesis of the major supply and demand drivers of the dramatic expansion of oil crops in the tropics; its economic, social, and environmental impacts; and the future outlook to 2050. It is a comprehensive review of the oil crop sector with a major focus on oil palm and soybeans, the two most dynamic crops in world agriculture in recent decades.
Download or read book Fuelling Exclusion written by Lorenzo Cotula and published by IIED. This book was released on 2008 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Palms of controversies written by Alain Rival and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2014-07-17 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid development of oil palm cultivation feeds many social issues such as biodiversity, deforestation, food habits or ethical investments. How can this palm be viewed as a miracle plant by both the agro-food industry in the North and farmers in the tropical zone, but a serious ecological threat by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) campaigning for the environment or rights of local indigenous peoples? In the present book the authors – a biologist and an agricultural economist- describe a global and complex tropical sector, for which the interests of the many different stakeholders are often antagonistic. Oil palm has become emblematic of recent changes in North-South relationship in agricultural development. Indeed, palm oil is produced and consumed in the South; its trade is driven by emerging countries, although the major part of its transformations is made in the North that still hosts the largest multinational agro industries. It is also in the North that the sector is challenged on ethical and environmental issues. Public controversy over palm oil is often opinionated and it is fed by definitive and sometimes exaggerated statements. Researchers are conveying a more nuanced speech, which is supported by scientific data and a shared field experience. Their work helps in building a more balanced view, moving attention to the South, the region of exclusive production and major consumption of palm oil.
Download or read book Biofuels and Sustainability written by Kazuhiko Takeuchi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-13 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents a comprehensive analysis of biofuel use strategies from an interdisciplinary perspective using sustainability science. This interdisciplinary perspective (social science-natural science) means that the strategies and policy options proposed will have significant impacts on the economy and society alike. Biofuels are expected to contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, revitalizing economies in agricultural communities and alleviating poverty. However, despite these anticipated benefits, international organizations such as the FAO, OECD and UN have published reports expressing concerns that biofuel promotion may lead to deforestation, water pollution and water shortages. The impacts of biofuel use are extensive, cross-sectoral and complex, and as such, comprehensive analyses are required in order to assess the extent to which biofuels can contribute to sustainable societies. Applying interdisciplinary sustainability science concepts and methodologies, the book helps to enhance the establishment of a sustainable society as well as the development of appropriate responses to a global need for urgent action on current issues related to biofuels.
Download or read book The Hamburger Connection Hangover Cattle Pasture Land Degradation and Alternative Land Use in Central America written by L. Szott and published by Bib. Orton IICA / CATIE. This book was released on 2000 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Managing oil palm landscapes written by Lesley Potter and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2015-05-26 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study comprises a review of oil palm development and management across landscapes in the tropics. Seven countries have been selected for detailed analysis using surveys of the current literature, mainly spanning the last fifteen years. Indonesia and Malaysia are the obvious leaders in terms of area planted and levels of production and export, but also in literature generated on social and environmental challenges. In Latin America, Colombia is the dominant producer with oil palm expanding in disparate landscapes with a strong focus on palm oil-based biodiesel; and small-scale growers and companies in Peru and Brazil offer contrasting ways of inserting oil palm into the Amazon. Nigeria and Cameroon represent African nations with traditional groves and old plantations in which foreign land grabs to establish new oil palm have recently occurred.
Download or read book Review of the Literature on the Links Between Biodiversity and Climate Change written by and published by UNEP/Earthprint. This book was released on 2009 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The designations employed and the presentation of ISBN: 92-9225-136-8 material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of Copyright © 2009, Secretariat of the Convention on the Convention on Biological Diversity concerning the Biological Diversity legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerni [...] Ahmed Djoghlaf Where species and ecosystems are well protected and Executive Secretary healthy, natural adaptation may take place, as long as the Convention on Biological Diversity 5 Review of literature PREFACE These three literature reviews on the 'Links between evidence of the importance of natural ecosystems in the Biodiversity and Climate change: Impacts,Adaptation carbon cycle and in mitigat [...] Finally the third section aims to highlight the developments in our understanding of the role The IPCC 4th Assessment Report (AR4; IPCC 2007) of biodiversity in climate change mitigation, and the impacts concluded that climate change will have significant impacts of mitigation policies on biodiversity. [...] Models of future be large and more complex in the tropics, where the effects climate change suggest that these distributional changes of rising temperatures and reduced precipitation are may lead to severe range contractions and the extinction of exacerbated by the effects of land-use change. [...] Each of these sources Because of the importance of these impacts and of climate and modelling approaches has advantages and change itself, there has been a great deal of recent disadvantages (Thuiller et al 2008).
Download or read book Biofuel Crops written by Bharat P. Singh and published by CABI. This book was released on 2013 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing comprehensive coverage on biofuel crop production and the technological, environmental and resource issues associated with a sustainable biofuel industry, this book is ideal for researchers and industry personnel. Beginning with an introduction to biofuels and the challenges they face, the book then includes detailed coverage on crops of current importance or with high future prospects, including sections on algae, sugar crops and grass, oil and forestry species. The chapters focus on the genetics, breeding, cultivation, harvesting and handling of each crop.
Download or read book The non industrial palm oil sector in Cameroon written by Raymond Ndip Nkongho and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2014-07-15 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil palm (Elæis guineensis Jacq.) is not new to Cameroon, since it is indigenous to the countries bordering the Gulf of Guinea. People in the rainforest region of Cameroon used to harvest fresh fruit bunches (FFB) from the wild dura variety to produce palm oil and kernel oil, and fell and tap old stands of both dura and pisifera varieties to produce palm wine, which is a much cherished liquor. The hybrid tenera oil palm variety produces the highest yield -up to eight times more- compared to other vegetable oil crops like soybean, sunflower or rapeseed (Mathew et al. 2007; Feintrenie and Rafflegeau 2012; Jacquemard 2012).
Download or read book Assessing impacts on ecosystem services under various plausible oil palm expansion scenarios in Central Kalimantan Indonesia written by Sharma, S.K. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2017-06-05 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Key messages The land-use change caused by oil palm expansion results in adverse impacts on ecosystem functions and services provided by natural forests.This study assesses the impacts of oil palm expansion on key ecosystem services and analyzes the trade-offs among ecosystem services under four plausible future land-use scenarios in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia: business as usual, moratorium, zero gross deforestation and sustainable intensification.A trade-off between carbon benefit and habitat quality was observed in the area with low carbon stock. Providing some habitat quality in areas of oil palm expansion enhanced the carbon benefit.A synergy between carbon sequestration and water yield was evident due to oil palm expansion on Dry Rice Land with Mixed Scrub under the zero gross deforestation scenario.Among the four plausible LULC scenarios, zero gross deforestation is the most desirable option for the study area in Central Kalimantan.A successful implementation of zero gross deforestation requires a review of the forest moratorium to encompass all forest types, a clear land-use policy strategy and a detailed land-use plan involving all jurisdictions and engagement of stakeholders.Sustainable intensification is the second-best land use and land cover option for oil palm expansion with an assumed average yield enhancement to 5 tCPO ha-1 yr-1. However, enhancing yield in smallholder farms by 78% is highly challenging. It may be achievable by providing appropriate and adequate technical and management supports to smallholder farms and by ensuring off-take markets for oil palm produced by smallholders.
Download or read book The Impacts and Opportunities of Oil Palm in Southeast Asia written by Douglas Sheil and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil palm basics. Oil palm and palm oil. Historical summary. Palm oil biology, products and productivity. Oil palm cultivation. Yield and its improvement. Palm oil production and global trends. Palm oil production. Biofuel development, demand and expansion. Palm oil prices. The boom continues. A driver of deforestation?. Greenhouse gas emissions.
