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Book Synthetic Aperture Radar Coherence Study of San Diego County and Interferometric Study of Deformation Along the Coyote Creek Fault Imperial County California

Download or read book Synthetic Aperture Radar Coherence Study of San Diego County and Interferometric Study of Deformation Along the Coyote Creek Fault Imperial County California written by Alex Boisvert and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Surface Deformation Measured with Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar

Download or read book Surface Deformation Measured with Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar written by Fernando Greene and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and Global Positioning System (GPS) is widely used to detect ground deformation from varieties of geophysical origins. However, most studies lack the spatial and temporal resolutions to better characterize such observations. The purpose of this research is to use multi-track satellite radar imagery to generate time series to study and monitor vertical ground deformation over large regions such as the Nevada portion of the Basin and Range Province and the western end of the Mojave Desert. We developed an innovative method to remove horizontal movements from InSAR line-of-sight (LOS) observations using a GPS velocity field and subsequently combine the multi-track imagery resulting in one single high spatial resolution map of observed vertical crustal and surface movements. By implementing this technique we detect vertical deformation signals with short and intermediate wavelength signals associated to tectonic processes such as interseismic and postseismic deformation. In Central Nevada Seismic Belt we detect in three independent orbits a broad area of uplift that confirms results of previous studies that associate the origin of this signal to post-seimic deformation of the historic earthquakes at this region. In south-central Nevada we detect several valleys that show a gradual eastward tilt of the valley floors due to deep geodynamical processes. The valleys located at the eastern side of Ruby Mountains show a range decrease that could indicate uplift related to magma intrusion or post-seismic deformation due to older, unrecognized earthquakes. In the Big Bend segment in southern California we detect vertical uplift as expected by mechanical models of interseismic deformation. Additionaly all our velocity maps reveal small wavelength deformation signals of anthropogenic origin.

Book Using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Data to Improve Estimates of Hydraulic Head in the San Luis Valley Colorado

Download or read book Using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Data to Improve Estimates of Hydraulic Head in the San Luis Valley Colorado written by Jessica Anne Reeves and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remotely sensed Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) deformation data have recently been used to study confined aquifer systems in urban/arid areas. The deformation measured at the surface by InSAR is a consequence of changes in hydraulic head in the underlying confined aquifer system. Deformation in agricultural areas, such as the San Luis Valley, Colorado, is difficult to measure using InSAR because changes in the height of the vegetation can degrade the measurement by altering the positions of individual radar scatterers. Nonetheless, agricultural areas like the San Luis Valley are of great interest because of the link between the groundwater resources and the local economy. The San Luis Valley is an 8000 km^2 valley, located mostly on the northern side of the Colorado-New Mexico border. The valley has a vibrant agricultural economy that is highly dependent on the effective management of limited water resources. State regulation established that hydraulic head levels within the confined aquifer system should be maintained within the range experienced in the years between 1978 and 2000. Effective management of water resources in the San Luis Valley requires both seasonal changes in hydraulic head as well long term trends during this time period. In this study we had three main goals: 1) to determine if high quality InSAR data can be collected in the San Luis Valley, 2) to determine the uncertainty of the InSAR deformation measurements, and 3) to determine to what extent the InSAR deformation data can be used to improve estimates of hydraulic head in the San Luis Valley. We found that high quality InSAR data could be acquired from the San Luis Valley. Many small areas, left unwatered by the center-pivot irrigation systems, yield high quality InSAR data when processed using Small Baseline Subset analysis. The InSAR deformation measurements showed the same seasonal periodicity as the hydraulic head data from monitoring wells. The next step in our research was to more accurately determine the uncertainty in the InSAR deformation measurements. We developed a novel algorithm that uses supplementary hydrologic data to identify InSAR acquisitions whose measurements may have been corrupted with uncertainty due to atmospheric phase effects. We then proceeded to quantify the uncertainty in the InSAR deformation measurement due to decorrelation of radar signals. In the final chapter of this work we explored ways in which the relationship between InSAR measured deformation and measurements of hydraulic head can be combined to increase the spatial and temporal density of hydraulic head measurements in the confined aquifer system. We found that at three well locations where the changes in hydraulic head were sufficiently large and the aquifer sediments were relatively compressible the InSAR deformation measurements can be reliably used to estimate hydraulic head during times when no well measurements were acquired.

Book Measuring Low Fault Strain Rate with Synthetic Aperture Radar Application to the Pacific north America Plate Boundary

Download or read book Measuring Low Fault Strain Rate with Synthetic Aperture Radar Application to the Pacific north America Plate Boundary written by Noel Gourmelen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I use Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) to study the present deformation in the Western Basin and Range and Basin and Range 6 Sierra Nevada transition. I process 350 SAR data over 1905103 km2 for the period 1992 to 2002. Both stacking and time series processing were applied to produce precise (mm/yr) and high-resolution velocity map for the area. Two new processing techniques have been developed. The first technique solves for the long wavelength ambiguities of the InSAR derived velocity map that arise due to uncertainty in the orbital parameter of the satellite. The technique assimilates continuous GPS data into the InSAR time-series processing. The second technique extracts the horizontal and vertical components of the deformation field from two adjacent radar tracks. I applied stacking to study the transient deformation across the Central Nevada Seismic Belt and interseismic strain accumulation across the Eastern California Shear Zone. I show that the current deformation across the Central Nevada Seismic Belt can be explained by a combination of inter-seismic, post-seismic and anthropogenic deformation. The Post-Seismic deformation is associated with visco-elastic relaxation of the Earth2s mantle in response to a centennial earthquake sequence of five ~M7 earthquakes along the Central Nevada Seismic Belt. The anthropogenic deformation is a response of the bedrock to water withdrawal in support of mining activity. A more evolved time-series approach that solves for orbital errors is applied across the Eastern California Shear Zone. The study shows that the Hunter Mountain 6 Panamint Valley fault system accommodates ~5 mm/yr, a faster rate than geological averages. The region of strain accumulation is a narrow band of ~10 km centered on the Hunter mountain fault, and indicates a very shallow locking depth in agreement with an active low angle normal fault system.

Book Phase Unwrapping and Inversion Resolution of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Geodesy

Download or read book Phase Unwrapping and Inversion Resolution of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Geodesy written by Philip Nee and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We use Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data to examine surface deformation in the Imperial Valley, California, with the goal of further constraining the fault geometry and along-strike variations in slip behavior of the Imperial fault. 48 Interferograms are created from 38 European Space Agency (EAS) Envisat ASAR acquisitions, spanning 7 years. We observe extensive agriculture activities in the Imperial Valley, and geothermal and ground-water related subsidence. However, no prominent tectonic deformation signals can be identified in the valley due to 1: Poor-quality InSAR data due to extensive agricultural activity, and 2: the lack of GPS measurements at the spatial and temporal densities required to fully characterize behavior of the Imperial fault. Due to technical difficulties of InSAR, spatial variation in data density in the Imperial valley greatly affects our data quality and numerical resolution. To ensure our results are robust, we perform synthetic tests to examine the numerical resolution and data quality of a given data set. The results can later be used as quality assessments and validation for our results. The point-target identification method that allows us to extract the stable pixels from interferogram time series as well as approaches for masking out less stable areas so that they do not contaminate our results in the rest of the region, is also being tested. In the case study, we examine deformation across the Superstitution Hills Fault and a deformation source near the Salton Sea, potentially caused by geothermal activities. The vicinity near the Superstitution Hills fault is deforming at peak velocity of ~8mm/yr, revealing a prominent fault trace, and the geothermal deformation is moving at ~6mm/yr, both rates taken in the direction of the satellite line-of-site (LOS).

Book Improving the Accuracy of Space Geodetic Measurements of Tectonic Deformation

Download or read book Improving the Accuracy of Space Geodetic Measurements of Tectonic Deformation written by Ekaterina Tymofyeyeva and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, I present a method for improving the accuracy of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) measurements of crustal deformation by reducing the impact of atmospheric propagation delays on the radar phase. The proposed technique (CANDIS) is based on the idea of common scene stacking, which takes advantage of the fact that interferograms that share a common scene also share the same atmospheric contribution. I show that this new technique can be used to study a variety of crustal motions that could not be observed otherwise. The first chapter is an introduction and a summary of the dissertation. The second chapter provides a detailed description of the new method and its validation. Also in the second chapter we apply the new atmospheric correction to several study areas in the Eastern California Shear Zone. The third chapter combines InSAR and Global Positioning System (GPS) data to study strain accumulation on the San Jacinto fault, and locate a previously unrecognized buried fault trace. The fourth chapter is a study of time-dependent crustal deformation due to volcanic activity in South America. In the final chapter, I show an application of the CANDIS method to the study of episodic creep on the San Andreas fault.

Book Southern Coyote Creek Fault to Superstition Hills Fault

Download or read book Southern Coyote Creek Fault to Superstition Hills Fault written by Afton Jade Van Zandt and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Fault Properties Rheology and Interseismic Deformation in Southern California from High precision Space Geodesy

Download or read book Fault Properties Rheology and Interseismic Deformation in Southern California from High precision Space Geodesy written by Eric Ostrom Lindsey and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation presents the collection and processing of dense high-precision geode- tic data across major faults throughout Southern California. The results are used to inform numerical models of the long-term slip rate and interseismic behavior of these faults, as well as their frictional and rheological properties at shallow depths. The data include campaign surveys of dense networks of GPS monuments crossing the faults, and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations from ENVISAT. Using a Bayesian framework, we first assess to what extent these data constrain relative fault slip rates on the San Andreas and San Jacinto faults, and show that the inferred parameters depend critically on the assumed fault geometry. We next look in detail at near-field observations of strain across the San Jacinto fault, and show that the source of this strain may be either deep anomalous creep or a new form of shallow, distributed yielding in the top few kilometers of the crust. On the San Andreas fault, we show that this type of shallow yielding does occur, and its presence or absence is controlled by variations in the local normal stress that result from subtle bends in the fault. Finally, we investigate shallow creep on the Imperial fault, and show that thanks to observations from all parts of the earthquake cycle it is now possible to obtain a strong constraint on the shallow frictional rheology and depth of the material responsible for creep. The results also suggest activity on a hidden fault to the West, whose existence has been previously suggested but never confirmed.

Book Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar

Download or read book Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar written by D. L. Evans and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Crustal Strain and Topography from Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry

Download or read book Crustal Strain and Topography from Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents information about the research being done on crustal strain and topography using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry at the Cecil and Ida M. Green Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics (IGPP) of the University of California in La Jolla. Discusses current research projects and research results.

Book Applications of Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry in the Study of the Nahanni Earthquake Region

Download or read book Applications of Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry in the Study of the Nahanni Earthquake Region written by and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Interferometry (InSAR) is used to monitor ground displacement in the North Nahanni River region and create digital elevation models (DEM's). InSAR has been shown to be a valuable tool for monitoring relative surface displacement due to various crustal movements and for creating accurate DEM's using pairs of SAR images. In this thesis SAR data from Canada's RADARSAT and European Space Agency's ERS-1 satellites were used to create differential interferograms and DEM's. The main objectives of this study included measurement of fault slips caused by a large earthquake(s) with magnitude(s) larger than 6.0. However, there were no large earthquakes during the acquisition of the InSAR data pairs and therefore them was no detectable crustal movements caused by earthquakes. Consequently this study was more focused on the creation of accurate DEM's of the study area from the interferograms. DEM's created from the RADARSAT and ERS-1 images were compared with a DEM providedby Geomatics Canada Centre for Topographic Information and 1:50 000 topographic maps of the Nahanni region. Both two-pass and three-pass differential interferometry was attempted using ERS-1 and RADARSAT imagery. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).