Download or read book Synthesis of Copper Based Transparent Conductive Oxides with Delafossite Structure Via Sol Gel Processing written by Stefan Götzendörfer and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nanoporous Transparent Conducting Oxides and New Solid Acid Catalysts written by Daniel Mieritz and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New sol-gel routes were developed to fabricate transparent conducting oxide coatings for energy applications. Sol-gel synthesis was chosen because the metal oxide products have high surface area and porosity. Titanium sol-gel chemistry was the main focus of the studies, and the synthesis of macroporous antimony-doped tin oxide was also explored. The surface chemistry and band characteristics of anatase TiO2 show promise for solar energy purposes as photoelectrodes in DSSCs and as photocatalysts to degrade organic dyes and to split water. Modifying the band structure by increasing the conduction band edge energy is specifically of interest for reducing protons in water. To this end, a new sol-gel method was developed for incorporating Zr-dopant in nanoporous anatase TiO2. The products follow Vegards law up to 20 atom%, exhibiting surface area of 79 m2/g and pore volume of 0.20 cm3/g with average pore diameter of 10.3 nm; the conduction band edge energy increased by 0.22 eV and the band gap increased by 0.1 eV.In pursuit of a greener sol-gel route for TiO2 materials, a solution of TiOSO4 in water was explored. Success in obtaining a gel came by utilizing hydrogen peroxide as a ligand that suppressed precipitation reactions. Through modifying this sol-gel chemistry to obtain a solid acid, the new material hydrogen titanium phosphate sulfate, H1-xTi2(PO4)3-x(SO4)x, (0 x
Download or read book Controlled Synthesis and Chemical Design of Cuprous Delafossite Oxides for Energy Conversion and Catalysis written by Thomas I. Draskovic and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cuprous delafossite oxides are a family of copper-based complex oxides uniquely structured with alternating layers of linearly coordinated O-CuI-O and MIIIO6 edge-shared octahedra. This structure is responsible for several interesting properties, such as p-type conductivity through a delocalized Cu 3d- and O 2p- orbital valence band, susceptibility to both extrinsic acceptor doping and oxygen intercalation, and high optical transparency. However, reported applications of these oxides have been relatively limited, especially compared to perovskite-structured oxides. One reason for this is likely the difficulties faced controlling morphology, impurities, and doping in their syntheses. The work presented here starts with this synthetic challenge, first focusing on the synthetic chemistry in understanding the phase formation and crystallization of CuScO2, then from the observed properties of CuScO2, the potential application of delafossite oxide as oxygen electrocatalysts is proposed and investigated.The properties of CuScO2, a potential p-type transparent conducting oxide, lead to several synthetic challenges. Significant oxygen intercalation within copper layer means control of oxidation proves difficult by the conventional solid state syntheses. Through consideration of copper and scandium species hydrolysis, the first hydrothermally synthesized pure-phase CuScO2 is reported. Post-annealing treatments were used to investigate the influence of oxygen intercalation and were found to increase copper oxidation, leading to increased light absorption, and flat-band potential shifts.The observed oxygen intercalation in CuScO2 led to an original research proposal and subsequent demonstration of cuprous delafossite oxides as catalysts for the alkaline oxygen reduction reaction. The delafossite structure possesses several key elements that could potentially make it desirable for ORR catalytic applications: the presence of low-coordination Cu-sites, accessible by O2 molecules, and the ability to alter lattice space around Cu-sites by changing the size of the MIII cation. CuLaO2 was found to have the most prevalent complete reduction of oxygen out the oxides tested. Finally, preliminary studies on the use of CuLaO2+x as a potential low temperature solid oxide fuel cell cathode material for low temperature oxygen reduction are presented. The experimental setup and custom fabricated cell holder are detailed, followed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests to compare the oxide to commercially available cathode materials. The CuLaO2+x phase shows potential at very low temperature (
Download or read book Cu based Transparent Conducting Oxides Based on the Delafossite Structure written by Robert Bruce Gall and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently Cu-based transparent conducting delafossite compounds have been found to exhibit p-type conductivity either intrinsically or through various doping schemes. The development of a single oxide compound which can be effectively doped both n- and p-type would make a number of interesting transparent devices a reality. In this work, bipolar doping schemes were investigated for polycrystalline CuGaO2 ceramics through aliovalent cation substitutions on the B-site. Dense, single-phase polycrystalline ceramics were synthesized by solid state reaction through controlling the oxygen partial pressure and quenching to room temperature. The high temperature phase equilibria as a function of oxygen partial pressure was examined through x-ray powder diffraction. These results were compared with thermodynamic calculations of the stability of phases in the Cu-Ga-O system. Electrical measurements were then performed in order verify the carrier type, carrier concentration, and conductivity. Finally, optical measurements were made to establish the optical band gap and transmission window.
Download or read book Synthesis of High Surface Area Tin Oxide Via Sol gel Process Using Tin Glycolate Precursor written by Chabaiporn Junin and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Towards High Performance P Type Transparent Conducting Oxides written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: P-type transparent conductive oxides would have potential applications in photovoltaics, transparent electronics and organic opto-electronics. In this paper we present results on the synthesis of Cu2SrO2, a p-type transparent conducting oxide, by a chemical solution route as well as the conventional pulse laser deposition (PLD) method. For Cu2SrO2 by the chemical solution route, samples were made by spraying deposition on quartz substrates using an aqueous solution of Copper formate and Strontium acetate. Phase pure materials were obtained by an optimum two stage annealing sequence. This initial work led to the development of good quality homogeneous films by a related sol-gel approach. We have also used pulsed laser depostion (PLD) to deposit Cu2SrO2 and CuInO2 thin films on quartz substrates. We have obtained improved conductivities in the CuInO2 thin films over previously published work. We present details on the nature of the relationship of process parameters to the opto-electronic properties of the films.
Download or read book Coatings to Improve Optoelectronic Devices written by Selected Articles Published by MDPI and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This selection is focused on coatings and films with applications in optoelectronics, such as photovoltaics, photocatalysis, and light-based sensors and phenomena. The studies investigate the optimal composition, crystalline structure, and morphology to deliver the different functionalities sought. Obtaining transparent p-type electrodes is challenging but extremely relevant in optoelectronics. Electric conduction mechanisms and the correlations with structure and doping are discussed. The important issue of the degradation pathways in perovskite-based solar cells and the possibilities offered by different types of coatings to encapsulate the devices as well as the beneficial effect of silica coating as an antireflection and antisoiling layer on well-established solar cells are discussed. New designs of nanoplasmonic films for chemical and biological molecule sensing are reviewed, such as the combination of metallic nanoparticles and nanostructured semiconductors and dispersing metallic or bi-metallic nanoparticles in CuO films. The impacts of structure, defects, and morphology on the photoactivated properties of WO3 films and on the shape memory behavior in Cu–Al–Ni thin films are discussed. Aggregated TiO2 nanoparticles on TiO2 layers are shown to enhance optical transmittance and confer a superhydrophilic characteristic. Finally, aspects of the fundamental characterization of thin films, Drude damping in thin films, and laser-induced deflection technique are discussed.
Download or read book Chemical Solution Deposition of Functional Oxide Thin Films written by Theodor Schneller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-24 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first text to cover all aspects of solution processed functional oxide thin-films. Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) comprises all solution based thin- film deposition techniques, which involve chemical reactions of precursors during the formation of the oxide films, i. e. sol-gel type routes, metallo-organic decomposition routes, hybrid routes, etc. While the development of sol-gel type processes for optical coatings on glass by silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide dates from the mid-20th century, the first CSD derived electronic oxide thin films, such as lead zirconate titanate, were prepared in the 1980’s. Since then CSD has emerged as a highly flexible and cost-effective technique for the fabrication of a very wide variety of functional oxide thin films. Application areas include, for example, integrated dielectric capacitors, ferroelectric random access memories, pyroelectric infrared detectors, piezoelectric micro-electromechanical systems, antireflective coatings, optical filters, conducting-, transparent conducting-, and superconducting layers, luminescent coatings, gas sensors, thin film solid-oxide fuel cells, and photoelectrocatalytic solar cells. In the appendix detailed “cooking recipes” for selected material systems are offered.
Download or read book Handbook of Transparent Conductors written by David S. Ginley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-11 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transparent conducting materials are key elements in a wide variety of current technologies including flat panel displays, photovoltaics, organic, low-e windows and electrochromics. The needs for new and improved materials is pressing, because the existing materials do not have the performance levels to meet the ever- increasing demand, and because some of the current materials used may not be viable in the future. In addition, the field of transparent conductors has gone through dramatic changes in the last 5-7 years with new materials being identified, new applications and new people in the field. “Handbook of Transparent Conductors” presents transparent conductors in a historical perspective, provides current applications as well as insights into the future of the devices. It is a comprehensive reference, and represents the most current resource on the subject.
Download or read book Reactive Sputter Deposition written by Diederik Depla and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-06-24 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this valuable work, all aspects of the reactive magnetron sputtering process, from the discharge up to the resulting thin film growth, are described in detail, allowing the reader to understand the complete process. Hence, this book gives necessary information for those who want to start with reactive magnetron sputtering, understand and investigate the technique, control their sputtering process and tune their existing process, obtaining the desired thin films.
Download or read book Nanocatalysis written by Vivek Polshettiwar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exhibiting both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic properties, nanocatalysts allow for rapid and selective chemical transformations, with the benefits of excellent product yield and ease of catalyst separation and recovery. This book reviews the catalytic performance and the synthesis and characterization of nanocatalysts, examining the current state of the art and pointing the way towards new avenues of research. Moreover, the authors discuss new and emerging applications of nanocatalysts and nanocatalysis, from pharmaceuticals to fine chemicals to renewable energy to biotransformations. Nanocatalysis features contributions from leading research groups around the world. These contributions reflect a thorough review of the current literature as well as the authors’ first-hand experience designing and synthesizing nanocatalysts and developing new applications for them. The book’s nineteen chapters offer a broad perspective, covering: Nanocatalysis for carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom coupling reactions Nanocatalysis for various organic transformations in fine chemical synthesis Nanocatalysis for oxidation, hydrogenation, and other related reactions Nanomaterial-based photocatalysis and biocatalysis Nanocatalysts to produce non-conventional energy such as hydrogen and biofuels Nanocatalysts and nano-biocatalysts in the chemical industry Readers will also learn about the latest spectroscopic and microscopy tools used in advanced characterization methods that shed new light on nanocatalysts and nanocatalysis. Moreover, the authors offer expert advice to help readers develop strategies to improve catalytic performance. Summarizing and reviewing all the most important advances in nanocatalysis over the last two decades, this book explains the many advantages of nanocatalysts over conventional homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, providing the information and guidance needed for designing green, sustainable catalytic processes.
Download or read book Layered Double Hydroxides written by Vicente Rives and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2001 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Layered double hydroxides are one of the variety of names given to a family of layered materials first discovered in Sweden in 1842. These materials are interesting because their layer cations can be changed among a wide selection, and the interlayer anion can also be (nearly) freely chosen. Like cationic clays, they can be pillared and can exchange interlayer species -- thus increasing applications and making new routes to derivatives. The principle areas of application include catalyst support, anion scavengers, polymer stabilisers, and antacids. In the last several years, reviews and studies of LDHs have dealt with these uses. This book aims to update the current body of LDH knowledge from a wide array of views. The first section addresses the synthesis and physiochemical characterisation of these materials, and section two focuses on the applications of LDHs.
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nanotechnology in Environmental Science 2 Volumes written by Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the current state of nanotechnology-based devices with applications in environmental science, focusing on nanomaterials and polymer nanocomposites. The handbook pays special attention to those nanotechnology-based approaches that promise easier, faster and cheaper processes in environmental monitoring and remediation. Furthermore, it presents up-to-date information on the economics, toxicity and regulations related to nanotechnology in detail. The book closes with a look at the role of nanotechnology for a green and sustainable future. With its coverage of existing and soon-to-be-realized devices this is an indispensable reference for both academic and corporate R&D.
Download or read book Oxide Electronics written by Asim K. Ray and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-12 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxide Electronics Multiple disciplines converge in this insightful exploration of complex metal oxides and their functions and properties Oxide Electronics delivers a broad and comprehensive exploration of complex metal oxides designed to meet the multidisciplinary needs of electrical and electronic engineers, physicists, and material scientists. The distinguished author eschews complex mathematics whenever possible and focuses on the physical and functional properties of metal oxides in each chapter. Each of the sixteen chapters featured within the book begins with an abstract and an introduction to the topic, clear explanations are presented with graphical illustrations and relevant equations throughout the book. Numerous supporting references are included, and each chapter is self-contained, making them perfect for use both as a reference and as study material. Readers will learn how and why the field of oxide electronics is a key area of research and exploitation in materials science, electrical engineering, and semiconductor physics. The book encompasses every application area where the functional and electronic properties of various genres of oxides are exploited. Readers will also learn from topics like: Thorough discussions of High-k gate oxide for silicon heterostructure MOSFET devices and semiconductor-dielectric interfaces An exploration of printable high-mobility transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors Treatments of graphene oxide electronics, magnetic oxides, ferroelectric oxides, and materials for spin electronics Examinations of the calcium aluminate binary compound, perovoksites for photovoltaics, and oxide 2Degs Analyses of various applications for oxide electronics, including data storage, microprocessors, biomedical devices, LCDs, photovoltaic cells, TFTs, and sensors Suitable for researchers in semiconductor technology or working in materials science, electrical engineering, and physics, Oxide Electronics will also earn a place in the libraries of private industry researchers like device engineers working on electronic applications of oxide electronics. Engineers working on photovoltaics, sensors, or consumer electronics will also benefit from this book.
Download or read book Oxide Semiconductors Volume 1633 written by Steve Durbin and published by Materials Research Society. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symposium R, "Oxide Semiconductors" was held December 1-6 at the 2013 MRS Fall Meeting in Boston, Massachusetts. Oxide semiconductors are poised to take a more active role in modern electronics, particularly in the field of thin film transistors. While many advances have been made in terms of our understanding of fundamental optical and electronic characteristics, there remain many questions in terms of defects, doping, and optimal growth/synthesis conditions. This symposium proceedings volume represents recent advances in growth and characterization of a number of different oxide semiconductors, as well as device fabrication.
Download or read book Revolution of Perovskite written by Narayanasamy Sabari Arul and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents advanced synthesis techniques for fabricating Perovskite materials with enhanced properties for applications such as energy storage devices, photovoltaics, electrocatalysis, electronic devices, photocatalysts, sensing, and biomedical instruments. The book attempts to fill a gap in the published literature and provide a detailed reference on Perovskite materials. This book will be of use to graduate students and academic and industrial researchers in the fields of solid-state chemistry, physics, materials science, and chemical engineering.
