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Book Sympathetic detonation of ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrate fuel oil

Download or read book Sympathetic detonation of ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrate fuel oil written by Robert W. Van Dolah and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Detonation Shock Dynamics for Non ideal Detonations

Download or read book Detonation Shock Dynamics for Non ideal Detonations written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Toxic Fumes from Explosives

Download or read book Toxic Fumes from Explosives written by Robert F. Chaiken and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bureau of Mines has carried out experimental and theoretical studies with prilled and pulverized ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (AN-FO) mixtures containing varying amounts of fuel oil in an attempt to quantify the effects of stoichiometric composition, nonideal detonation behavior, and expansion volume on the production of CO, NO, and NO/sub 2/ fumes. Experimental fume measurements were obtained in the Bureau's large closed gallery facility (7.2 x 10/sup 4/ liter expansion chamber) and in the standard Crawshaw-Jones apparatus (90-liter expansion chamber) using a prepackaged charge configuration containing about 450 g of explosives. The theoretical calculation of toxic fumes was achieved with an equilibrium detonation code called TIGER. Contrary to initial expectations, the NO/sub x/ (= NO + NO/sub 2/) fumes from the large gallery test were found to be in essential agreement with the Crawshaw-Jones results. It was also concluded that TIGER calculations offer a good approach to the prediction of toxic fumes; there is a basic problem in extrapolating laboratory measurements of CO fumes to mine conditions, this being due to postdetonation oxidation of CO to CO/sub 2/; and the detonation velocity decay rate of an explosive is a useful experimental parameter for correlating toxic fumes production with nonideal detonation behavior.

Book Sensitivity of Some Ammonium Nitrate based Explosive Compositions

Download or read book Sensitivity of Some Ammonium Nitrate based Explosive Compositions written by Richard W. Watson and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Ammonium Nitrate Explosives for Civil Applications

Download or read book Ammonium Nitrate Explosives for Civil Applications written by Erode G. Mahadevan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes the science and technology of formulation and manufacturing of non-nitroglycerine explosives with ammonium nitrate as the main ingredient. Based on the author's industry experience of more than thirty years, it provides an unparalleled treatment of one of the commercially most important classes of explosives and therefore stimulates further research and development efforts in the field of explosives for civil applications.

Book Studies on the Bullet Sensitivity of Ammonium Nitrate fuel Oil Mixtures

Download or read book Studies on the Bullet Sensitivity of Ammonium Nitrate fuel Oil Mixtures written by Charles M. Mason and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Experimental Observations of Detonation in Ammonium nitrate fuel oil ANFO Surrounded by a High sound Speed Shockless Aluminum Confiner

Download or read book Experimental Observations of Detonation in Ammonium nitrate fuel oil ANFO Surrounded by a High sound Speed Shockless Aluminum Confiner written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detonations in explosive mixtures of ammonium-nitrate-fuel-oil (ANFO) confined by aluminum allow for transport of detonation energy ahead of the detonation front due to the aluminum sound speed exceeding the detonation velocity. The net effect of this energy transport on the detonation is unclear. It could enhance the detonation by precompressing the explosive near the wall. Alternatively, it could desensitize the explosive by crushing porosity required for shock initiation or destroying confinement ahead of the detonation. As these phenomena are not well understood, most numerical explosive models are unable to account for them. But with slowly detonating, non-ideal high explosive (NIHE) systems becoming increasing prevalent, proper understanding and prediction of the performance of these metal-confined NIHE systems is desirable. Experiments are discussed that measured the effect of this ANFO detonation energy transported upstream of the front by an aluminum confining tube. Detonation velocity, detonation front curvature, and aluminum response are recorded as a function of confiner wall thickness and length. Front curvature profiles display detonation acceleration near the confining surface, which is attributed to energy transported upstream modifying the flow. Average detonation velocities were seen to increase with increasing confiner thickness due to the additional inertial confinement of the reaction zone flow. Significant radial sidewall tube motion was observed immediately ahead of the detonation. Axial motion was also detected which interfered with the front curvature measurements in some cases. It was concluded that the confiner was able to transport energy ahead of the detonation and that this transport has a definite effect on the detonation.

Book Further Studies on Sympathetic Detonation

Download or read book Further Studies on Sympathetic Detonation written by Robert W. Van Dolah and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Simulation of Detonation of Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil Mixture Confined by Aluminum

Download or read book Simulation of Detonation of Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil Mixture Confined by Aluminum written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-ideal high explosives are typically porous, low-density materials with a low detonation velocity (3--5 km/s) and long detonation reaction zone ((almost equal to) cms). As a result, the interaction of a non-ideal high explosive with an inert confiner can be markedly different than for a conventional high explosive. Issues arise, for example, with light stiff confiners where the confiner can drive the high explosive (HE) through a Prandtl-Meyer fan at the HE/confiner interface rather than the HE driving the confiner. For a non-ideal high explosive confined by a high sound speed inert such that the detonation velocity is lower than the inert sound speed, the flow is subsonic and thus shockless in the confiner. In such cases, the standard detonation shock dynamics methodology, which requires a positive edge-angle be specified at the HE/confiner interface in order that the detonation shape be divergent, cannot be directly utilized. In order to study how detonation shock dynamics can be utilized in such cases, numerical simulations of the detonation of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (ANFO) confined by aluminum 6061 are conducted.