Download or read book Surfactant based Ultrafiltration of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Streams written by Yi-Chu Huang and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Wastewaters from metal finishing facilities often contain a variety of toxic substances in dilute solution. Surfactant-based ultrafiltration (UF), which combines the high flux of UF with the high selctivity of surfactants, is applied to separate dissolved heavy metals from simulated and real wastewaters using natural surfactants such as derivatives of cholesterol and lecithins. The underlying principle is to increase the size of target metal ions by fixing them to larger surfactant macromolecules so they can be retained by a compatible membrane."--leaf iii.

Download or read book The Use of Surfactant Mixtures in Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Streams Using Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration written by Lori Lynn Walker Brant and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Use of Rhamnolipid to Remove Heavy Metals from Aqueous Streams Via Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration written by Mohamed Abdel Monem El Zeftawy and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration written by Sirshendu De and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-06-04 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A response to increasingly stringent regulation of pollution and toxicity levels in industrial waste discharge, Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration: Fundamentals & Applications offers the most complete book available on the benefits and use of micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) to achieve continuous removal of organic and inorganic pollutants. An Unparalleled Book That Addresses Both Academic and Industrial Points of View Several membrane-based techniques, such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis, are currently used in a wide range of applications throughout the textile, pulp and paper, sugar, chemical, pharmaceutical, biomedical, biotechnological, and food industries. However, although reverse osmosis is an effective means of removing contaminants, this book explains why MEUF is a better substitute, as it less expensive, less energy-intensive, and more efficient and practical for a wider range of applications. Topics covered include: Effects of pollution in water and its consequences Various treatment processes and membrane technologies Fundamentals of ultrafiltration Outline of various membrane modules and modeling approaches Principles of colloid chemistry Theories of micelle formation Stability and dynamics of micelles Phenomena of counterion binding Solubilization of organic pollutants Selection criteria for surfactants Various flux enhancement techniques Recovery of precious metals This book conveys how, with proper selection of surfactant and membrane, MEUF can be used to efficiently remove almost all metal ions (heavy metals, lanthanides, radioactive materials, etc.) with reasonably high efficiency and throughput. It also details the MEUF process for removal of inorganic (cations, anions, and their mixture) and organic pollutants. The authors explain how the economy of the overall process makes recovery and reuse of surfactants essential, and they address various influencing factors on the increase in throughput and the resulting operating problems. Elaborating on technologies involving precipitation and other methods, they also illustrate additional potential applications for MEUF technology.

Download or read book Micellar and Polymer enhanced Ultrafiltration for Heavy Metal and Sulfate Removal from Aqueous Solutions written by Weiyun Lin and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) and polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF) show potential as promising techniques to remove dissolved ions from wastewater, but they remain inadequately understood. In this thesis, the MEUF removal of copper, nickel, and cobalt ions from aqueous solutions was investigated. The effect of surfactant-to-metal (S/M) ratio and pH on MEUF performance (i.e., metal rejection rate and permeate flux) were examined to obtain the preferred operational conditions. A resampling-based artificial neural network (ANN) modeling was proposed as a promising tool to predict the MEUF performance and to reveal the importance of process parameters. The model-predicted values showed good agreement with experimental data (R2 > 0.99). S/M ratio and pH had relatively greater contributions to the system performance, whereas sampling time contributed less. A high MEUF efficiency (Rejection > 99%) was achieved. To optimize the system performance and to observe the interactions among operational parameters, the statistical-based response surface methodology (RSM) was used to overcome the drawbacks of the commonly used one-factor-at-a-time method. The thesis is the first study to use an RSM method based on a Box-Behnken design to examine nickel ion removal in a MEUF system while combine with an ANN model. The generated RSM models described the relationship between each performance indicator (nickel rejection rate or permeate flux) and process variables (transmembrane pressure, feed nickel concentration, feed surfactant concentration, and membrane molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of the membrane). Both RSM and ANN methods adequately described the performance indicators within the examined ranges of the process variables. Next, the thesis targets on sulfate ions, a dissolved anion of increasing concern but not tackled in the MEUF/PEUF field. The thesis is the first study to use MEUF and PEUF to remove sulfate ions as the target component from aqueous solutions. It is also the first to examine the adsorption mechanism of sulfate to surfactant/polymer in such systems. Both MEUF and PEUF were found technically viable to remove sulfate from aqueous streams, with the highest rejection rate (Rejection > 99%) found in dilute sulfate solutions. Further, adsorption equilibrium and kinetics studies show that Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics can describe the adsorption process. This thesis adds knowledge to the existing MEUF/PEUF techniques by improving system operation, conducting system optimization, and exploring new components (i.e., sulfate ions) that can be removed. It also provides treatment information and potentially facilitates reservoir souring control and mining wastewater treatment.

Download or read book Surfactant Based Separation Processes written by John F. Scamehorn and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complete with bibliographic citations and illustrations, this volume focuses on novel techniques and reviews established methods for surfactant-based separation processes that can be widely applied in industry. Describes new extraction techniques, and introduces micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration and admicellar chromatography, discusses protein extraction using reverse micelles, surfactant-enhanced carbon regeneration, and demonstrates new methods of turning waste streams containing dilute concentrations of valuable materials into product streams and examines such traditional surfactant-based methods as froth flotation and foam fractionation.

Download or read book Simultaneous Removal of Benzene and Copper from Water and Wastewater Using Micellar enhanced Ultrafiltration written by Mohammed Ridha Zaid Ahmed and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To remove metal ions and/or organic molecules from aqueous solutions is a difficulty commonly encountered in the treatment of contaminated water. Traditional ultrafiltration is usually used to separate the high molecular weight molecules and is ineffective in removing heavy metal ions or organic molecules with small molecular weights. Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) is an effective technique to remove contaminants that traditional ultrafiltration cannot remove. Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration makes use of the micellar properties of surfactant solutions to remove dissolved ions and/or organics from aqueous streams. Chemical surfactants have proven effective. However compared to biosurfactants they are toxic and create a secondary problem since part of the surfactant monomers frequently leak through the pores of membrane filters. This study is an attempt to examine the effect of rhamnolipid biosurfactant, JBR 425, on contaminant removal from aqueous solutions. The required quantity of rhamnolipid to remove the copper ions as a heavy metal pollutant and benzene molecules as an organic pollutant separately has been determined for different concentrations of pollutants. This quantity, the molar ratio (MR), was 6.25 to obtain a 100% rejection for the copper ions and 1.33 to obtain the same rejection of benzene molecules. When copper and benzene were mixed, these molar ratios have been either improved as in benzene molar ratio which was decreased from 1.33 to 0.56 or remained the same as in copper molar ratio but in all cases rhamnolipid JBR 425 proved of excellent efficiency in the removal of contaminants and a rejection of 100% has been obtained for copper and benzene either separately or simultaneously which is the objective of this study.

Download or read book Innovative Materials and Methods for Water Treatment written by Marek Bryjak and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-02-17 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to increasing demand for potable and irrigation water, water suppliers have to use alternative resources. They either have to regenerate wastewater or deal with contaminated surface water. This book brings together the experiences of various experts in preparing of innovative materials that are selective for arsenic and chromium removal, and in

Download or read book Membrane based Hybrid Processes for Wastewater Treatment written by Maulin P Shah and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-05-27 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane-Based Hybrid Processes for Wastewater Treatment analyzes and discusses the potential of membrane-based hybrid processes for the treatment of complex industrial wastewater, the recovery of valuable compounds, and water reutilization. In addition, recent and future trends in membrane technology are highlighted. Industrial wastewater contains a large variety of compounds, such as heavy metals, salts and nutrients, which makes its treatment challenging. Thus, the use of conventional water treatment methods is not always effective. Membrane-based hybrid processes have emerged as a promising technology to treat complex industrial wastewater. Discusses the properties, mechanisms, advantages, limitations and promising solutions of different types of membrane technologies Addresses the optimization of process parameters Describes the performance of different membranes Presents the potential of Nanotechnology to improve the treatment efficiency of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) Covers the application of membrane and membrane-based hybrid treatment technologies for wastewater treatment Includes forward osmosis, electrodialysis, and diffusion dialysis Considers hybrid membrane systems expanded to cover zero liquid discharge, salt recovery, and removal of trace contaminants

Download or read book Surfactants in Chemical Process Engineering written by Darsh T. Wasan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-19 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first reference to link chemical engineering technologies and surfactant science in suchbreadth of focus, Surfactants in Chemical/Process Engineering features contributionsby major authorities in chemical engineering whose applications have opened important newfields for surfactant use. These applications include dispersion science, separation processes, oilrecovery, microemulsions, and environmental control.This volume discusses ultrafiltration processes, flotation, metal extractions, and more ...examines surfactants in process streams for such industrial separations as micellar-enhancedultrafiltration, adsorbent regeneration, micellar extractions, and oiVwater demulsification . ..describes methodologies for separations of fatty acids, metals, minerals and impurities,solvents, and hydrocarbons for cost-saving industrial and consumer product manufacture . . .details techniques for developing and optimizing formulations for superior agricultural plantcontrol or enhancement systems, micro- and macroemulsions, and liquid surfactant membranes... and looks closely at emulsion polymers in soil stabilizations, protective coatings, sealants,adhesives, textile processing, paper finishing, specialty concretes, and tire manufacture.

Download or read book Metal ion Separation and Preconcentration written by Andrew H. Bond and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collection discusses the role of separations in nuclear processing, the influence and use of aqueous phases in separations, extractant design and synthesis, liquid-liquid and solid-liquid distribution, membrane separations, and supercritical fluid extractions. With a balance of fundamental and applied research, the book covers the most significant recent advances in metal ion separations.

Download or read book New Research on Hazardous Materials written by Phillip B. Warey and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hazardous waste is a waste with properties that make it dangerous or potentially harmful to human health or the environment. Hazardous waste generally exhibits one or more of these characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity or toxicity. The universe of hazardous wastes is large and diverse. Hazardous wastes can be liquids, solids, contained gases, or sludges. They can be the by-products of manufacturing processes or simply discarded commercial products, like cleaning fluids or pesticides. One major type is radioactive waste. This book brings together the latest research in this diverse field.

Download or read book Membrane Based Separations in Metallurgy written by Lan Ying Jiang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-02-26 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane-Based Separation in Metallurgy: Principles and Applications begins with basic coverage of the basic principles of the topic and then explains how membrane technology helps in the development of new environmentally friendly and sustainable metallurgical processes. The book features the principles of metallurgical process and how widely the membrane-based technology has been applied in metallurgical industry, including the basic principles of membrane-based separation in terms of material science, membrane structure engineering, transport mechanisms, and module design, detailed metallurgical process flowcharts with emphasis on membrane separations, current process designs, and describes problems and provides possible solutions. In addition, the book includes specific membrane applications, molecular design of materials, fine tuning of membrane’s multi-scale structure, module selection and process design, along with a final analysis of the environmental and economic benefits achieved by using these new processes. Outlines membrane separation processes and their use in the field of metallurgy Includes case studies and examples of various processes Describes individual unit operations and sectors of extractive metallurgy in a clear and thorough presentation for students and engineers Provides a quick reference to wastewater treatment using membrane technology in the metallurgical industry Outlines the design of flowsheets, a topic that is not covered in academic studies, but is necessary for the design of working process Provides examples and analysis of the economic implications and environmental and social impacts

Download or read book Membrane Technologies and Applications written by Kaustubha Mohanty and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-12-19 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane technologies play an increasingly important role in unit operations for resource recovery, pollution prevention, and energy production, as well as environmental monitoring and quality control. They are also key component technologies of fuel cells and bioseparation applications. Membrane Technologies and Applications provides essential data and background information on various dimensions of membrane technologies, with a major focus on their practical application. Membranes of inorganic materials offer cost-effective solutions for simple to complex separation problems. This book is designed for anyone interested in water and wastewater treatment, membrane suppliers, as well as students and academics studying the field.

Download or read book Hazardous Waste Hazardous Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Polymer and Surfactant Supported Ultrafiltration written by M. A. Khosa and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-04 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer and Surfactant Supported Ultrafiltration is a technique that is equally effective for removing both inorganic and organic pollutants from water. A bio-polymer namely Sericin is extracted from silk and it is water soluble. Moreover, It has ability to show chelation with metal ions in water. Likewise, surfactant forms micelles in water which encapsulate organic dyes. In this way, the size of pollutants increases due to either chelating effect of Sericin or micelles formed by the selected surfactant in water. Once the size of metal ions or organic dye has increased, they are subjected to pass through a porous barrier such as membrane in an ultrafiltration cell/plant. These pollutants with enhanced size get stuck on the surface of membrane whereas pollutant free water stream is collected on other side of membrane as a permeat soluion. Recycling of permeat solution finally gives pure water.

Download or read book Physicochemical Treatment Processes written by Lawrence K. Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-03-11 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past 30 years have seen the emergence of a growing desire worldwide to take positive actions to restore and protect the environment from the degrading effects of all forms of pollution: air, noise, solid waste, and water. Because pollution is a direct or indirect consequence of waste, the seemingly idealistic demand for “zero discharge” can be construed as an unrealistic demand for zero waste. However, as long as waste exists, we can only attempt to abate the subsequent pollution by converting it to a less noxious form. Three major questions usually arise when a particular type of pollution has been identified: (1) How serious is the pollution? (2) Is the technology to abate it available? and (3) Do the costs of abatement justify the degree of abatement achieved? The principal intention of the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series is to help readers formulate answers to the last two questions. The traditional approach of applying tried-and-true solutions to specific pollution pr- lems has been a major contributing factor to the success of environmental engineering, and has accounted in large measure for the establishment of a “methodology of pollution c- trol. ” However, realization of the ever-increasing complexity and interrelated nature of current environmental problems makes it imperative that intelligent planning of pollution abatement systems be undertaken.