Download or read book Studies of Surface Initiated Polymerization Using Anchored Organometallic Catalyst written by Krishna Dilip Dronavajjala and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Surface Initiated Polymerizations Utilizing Organometallic Catalysts written by Dale Lehman Huber and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalytic Polymerization of Olefins written by T. Keii and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1986-04-01 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the proceedings of a symposium which was attended by researchers from all over the world who reported on and discussed recent advances in the field of catalytic polymerization of olefins. Over two decades have elapsed since the discovery of the Ziegler-Natta catalyst. Tremendous research effort has been aimed at improving this marvelous catalyst. In twenty-five years since the first publication, more than 15,000 papers and patents on the subject and on related subjects have appeared. This effort has yielded new generations of Ziegler-Natta catalysts with superior activity and stereospecificity. The complexities arising from the heterogeneity of the catalyst, however, have hindered understanding of the catalytic processes which take place on the catalyst surface. Nevertheless, many fundamental features of the catalyst system have now been clarified reasonably well. Recently a highly active homogeneous catalytic system has been developed, which is capable of catalyzing even isotactic polymerization of propene. There is no doubt that this finding will not only contribute to our understanding of the detailed mechanism of polymerization but also stimulate the development of various kinds of tailored polymers. Thus this subject will remain of paramount importance in the development of chemistry and polymer science for a long time to come.

Download or read book Surface initiated Polymerizations on Initiator Anchored Substrates written by Zhiyi Bao and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Controlled and Living Polymerizations written by Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-28 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a highly prestigious and knowledgeable team of top scientists in the field, this book provides an overview of the current status of controlled/living polymerization, combining the synthetic, mechanistic and application-oriented aspects. From the contents: * Anionic Vinyl Polymerization * Carbocationic Polymerization * Radical Polymerization * Coordinative Polymerization of Olefins * Ring-Opening Polymerization of Heterocycles * Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization * Macromolecular Architectures * Complex Functional Macromolecules * Synthesis of Block and Graft Copolymers * Bulk and Solution Structures of Block Copolymers * Industrial Applications While some of the material is based on chapters taken from the four-volume work "Macromolecular Engineering", it is completely updated and rewritten to reflect the focus of this monograph. Must-have knowledge for polymer and organic chemists, plastics technologists, materials scientists and chemical engineers.

Download or read book Surface and Interfacial Organometallic Chemistry and Catalysis written by C. Copéret and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-11-03 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions by numerous experts

Download or read book Surface Organometallic Chemistry Molecular Approaches to Surface Catalysis written by Jean-Marie Basset and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface organometallic chemistry is a new field bringing together researchers from organometallic, inorganic, and surface chemistry and catalysis. Topics ranging from reaction mechanisms to catalyst preparation are considered from a molecular basis, according to which the "active site" on a catalyst surface has a supra-molecular character. This. the first book on the subject, is the outcome of a NATO Workshop held in Le Rouret. France, in May. 1986. It is our hope that the following chapters and the concluding summary of recommendations for research may help to provide a definition of surface organometallic chemistry. Besides catalysis. the central theme of the Workshop, four main topics are considered: 1) Reactions of organometallics with surfaces of metal oxides, metals. and zeolites; 2) Molecular models of surfaces, metal oxides, and metals; 3) Molecular approaches to the mechanisms of surface reactions; 4) Synthesis and modification of zeolites and related microporous solids. Most surface organometallic chemistry has been carried out on amorphous high-surf ace-area metal oxides such as silica. alumina. magnesia, and titania. The first chapter. contributed by KNOZINGER. gives a short summary of the structure and reactivity of metal oxide surfaces. Most of our understanding of these surfaces is based on acid base and redox chemistry; this chemistry has developed from X-ray and spectroscopic data, and much has been inferred from the structures and reactivities of adsorbed organic probe molecules. There are major opportunities for extending this understanding by use of well-defined (single crystal) oxide surfaces and organometallic probe molecules.

Download or read book Polymerization by Organometallic Compounds written by Leo Reich and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Surface Initiated Polymerization of Conjugated Polymers by KCTP Kumada Catalyst Transfer Polycondensation Efficient Grafting Methodologies Structure Function Relationship and Organic Electronic Device Fabrication written by Anandi Roy and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, synthesis of conjugated polymer brushes of poly(3-methylthiophene) (P3MT) via SI-KCTP (Surface Initiated Kumada Catalyst Transfer Polycondensation) and their applications is discussed. These conjugated polymer brushes have unique optical and electronic properties and hence they are thoroughly investigated for applications in fabrication of more efficient organic electronic devices (OEDs). These devices have definite requirements in terms of grafting densities and directionality of polymer brushes. Therefore to have a thorough understanding, their unique properties are evaluated by systematic analysis of their structure-function relationship and limitations. The current problems associated with their limited applicability in OED fabrication are also studied. With this thorough understanding, optimal P3MT brushes have been developed and applied for successful OED fabrication. Covalent immobilization of polymer chains to substrates prevents delamination and provides a method to make uniform coatings on objects of complex geometries. Utilization of "grafting from" approach has proved to be efficient towards producing uniform and mechanically robust films. SI-KCTP begins with fabrication of reactive initiator monolayers from substrate surfaces and uses highly reactive catalysts like Ni(0) or Pd(0). The catalyst centers are prone to enter into a competitive side reaction called disproportionation, whereby catalyst concentration on the surface is reduced. This reduces grafting density and also indirectly affects the directionality of polymer brushes. The structure of these monolayers highly influences the rates of disproportionation reactions. A detailed systematic study is performed in order to understand the structure-function relationship of reactive initiator monolayers to the nature of P3MT brushes grown. This led us to develop the optimal initiator monolayer which produced P3MT brushes, appropriate for usage in OEDs. To prove the efficiency of the new reactive initiator monolayer towards OED fabrication, organic spin valve devices (OSVs) are fabricated with P3MT brush acting as the non-magnetic spacer layer covalently bound to ferromagnetic electrode. The device showed highly enhanced magnetoresistance response. This encouraging result proves the potential of the new monolayer. It also justifies the hypothesis that spin coating produces more disordered layers, reducing device efficiency by poor contact with surfaces and enhancing intermolecular rather than intra molecular carrier transport. Further, these brushes are considered for potential application towards heat conducting devices since they have shown high thermal conductivities on measurement by the time domain thermoreflactance (TDTR) technique. Rapid and efficient electrochemical techniques are also examined to overcome problems associated with traditional solution deposition ones.

Download or read book Graphene Field Effect Transistors written by Omar Azzaroni and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-08-01 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Graphene Field-Effect Transistors In-depth resource on making and using graphene field effect transistors for point-of-care diagnostic devices Graphene Field-Effect Transistors focuses on the design, fabrication, characterization, and applications of graphene field effect transistors, summarizing the state-of-the-art in the field and putting forward new ideas regarding future research directions and potential applications. After a review of the unique electronic properties of graphene and the production of graphene and graphene oxide, the main part of the book is devoted to the fabrication of graphene field effect transistors and their sensing applications. Graphene Field-Effect Transistors includes information on: Electronic properties of graphene, production of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide, and graphene functionalization Fundamentals and fabrication of graphene field effect transistors, and nanomaterial/graphene nanostructure-based field-effect transistors Graphene field-effect transistors integrated with microfluidic platforms and flexible graphene field-effect transistors Graphene field-effect transistors for diagnostics applications, and DNA biosensors and immunosensors based on graphene field-effect transistors Graphene field-effect transistors for targeting cancer molecules, brain activity recording, bacterial detection, and detection of smell and taste Providing both fundamentals of the technology and an in-depth overview of using graphene field effect transistors for fabricating bioelectronic devices that can be applied for point-of-care diagnostics, Graphene Field-Effect Transistors is an essential reference for materials scientists, engineering scientists, laboratory medics, and biotechnologists.

Download or read book Catalytic Polymerization of Olefins written by Tominaga Keii and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the proceedings of a symposium which was attended by researchers from all over the world who reported on and discussed recent advances in the field of catalytic polymerization of olefins. Over two decades have elapsed since the discovery of the Ziegler-Natta catalyst. Tremendous research effort has been aimed at improving this marvelous catalyst. In twenty-five years since the first publication, more than 15,000 papers and patents on the subject and on related subjects have appeared. This effort has yielded new generations of Ziegler-Natta catalysts with superior activity and stereospecificity. The complexities arising from the heterogeneity of the catalyst, however, have hindered understanding of the catalytic processes which take place on the catalyst surface. Nevertheless, many fundamental features of the catalyst system have now been clarified reasonably well. Recently a highly active homogeneous catalytic system has been developed, which is capable of catalyzing even isotactic polymerization of propene. There is no doubt that this finding will not only contribute to our understanding of the detailed mechanism of polymerization but also stimulate the development of various kinds of tailored polymers. Thus this subject will remain of paramount importance in the development of chemistry and polymer science for a long time to come

Download or read book Catalytic Olefin Polymerization written by Tominaga Keii and published by Elsevier Science & Technology. This book was released on 1990 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent development of a new generation of Ziegler-Natta Catalysts using either magnesium dichloride as carrier or methylaluminoxane as cocatalyst has markedly stimulated the research activity in the field of olefin polymerization. These discoveries have not only yielded economical processes for polyolefin production but also opened the way to a new generation of novel polymers. Moreover, the nature of active species is being clarified well by the effort to simplify catalyst systems. The present volume includes 38 papers from the 31 lectures and 18 posters presented at the symposium on Recent Developments in Olefin Polymerization Catalysts', which covered the following topics: Overview of super-active homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, kinetic profile of olefin polymerization including copolymerization, characterization of catalysts and polymers, methods for the determination of active center concentration, role of Lewis bases on the catalysts isospecificity, polymerization mechanisms, and synthetic pathways for functionalized polyolefins.

Download or read book Studies In Surface Science and Catalysis 161 Progress in Olefin Polymerization Catalysts and Polyolefin Materials written by Shiono T. and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Surface Initiated Polymerisation for Applications in Materials Science written by Bocheng Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic study of the surface-initiated polymerisation kinetics of a relatively new type of atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP), activators regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET) ATRP, is first demonstrated in this report. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were successfully grown from silicon surfaces at room temperature by surface-initiated ARGET ATRP using a "3rd generation" cationic macroinitiator. The polymer films were analysed by ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). With the initial experiment showing that water accelerated conventional ATRP but made it less controlled, the effect of solvent on ARGET ATRP was also evaluated. The living character of ARGET ATRP was demonstrated by successfully reinitiating PHEMA-grafted silicon wafers to grow a second block of PHEMA. Initiator density was shown to have a great effect on the growth rate of PHEMA film thickness on silicon surfaces by comparing the ARGET ATRP growth of PHEMA films using two different initiators, "1st generation" and "3rd generation" cationic macroinitiators, which have different ratios of initiating groups to positive charge. Another type of initiator for ATRP systems, an amide silane, was then investigated as an alternative to polyelectrolyte macroinitiators to avoid degrafting. The effects of solvent, 2, 2' bipyridyl (bpy) ligand concentration and different types of reducing agent on the growth of PHEMA film from amide-initiator coated silicon wafers by ARGET ATRP were then explored at room temperature. However, it was found that the swings in the uncontrolled laboratory ambient temperature caused inter-sample and inter-experiment variability and so could make the evaluations inaccurate or even wrong. An investigation of temperature on ARGET ATRP showed a dramatic effect on the polymerisation rate. The higher the temperature, the faster the polymerisation proceeded. Therefore, the effects of solvent, ratio of bpy to Cu and reducing agent on the ARGET ATRP growth of PHEMA brushes from amide initiator-coated silicon wafers were re-evaluated at a constant temperature, 30 °C. The development of a polydopamine-based initiator, which was designed to be able to be immobilised on a wide range of surfaces, is then presented in this report. Polydopamine was first shown to be able to deposit on various types of material surfaces by oxidative polymerisation in aqueous solution. Bromoester initiating groups for ATRP systems were incorporated into polydopamine coatings by reacting a fraction of the dopamine monomer with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide (BIBB) before polymerisation. The modified polydopamine initiator film grew at a comparable rate to unmodified polydopamine, with a 45 nm being grown in 24 hours. Successful incorporation of initiator groups was confirmed by XPS and FTIR, and by the growth of PMMA and PHEMA polymer brushes by ARGET ATRP from the polydopamine initiator coatings. A PMMA brush with a thickness of 239 nm was grown in 72 hours, indicating that the grafting density is sufficiently high to be in the brush regime. This initiator was demonstrated to be able to deposit on a range of substrates, such as metals (steel) and polymers (polystyrene), and successfully initiate polymer growth, demonstrating its broad applicability. The assessment of ARGET ATRP as a simple and effective tool for interfacial shear strength improvement in cellulose-based fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites is finally presented. It was demonstrated by control experiments that grafting polystyrene on glass fibre surfaces via ARGET ATRP greatly improved the interfacial adhesion between glass fibres and a high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) matrix, although a specific value of interfacial strength was not obtained due to failure of the modified glass fibre composite samples in areas other than the interface. It was then demonstrated that PMMA was successfully grown from the surfaces of polydopamine initiator coated cotton fibre and BIBB-modified cotton fibre by ARGET ATRP. Polydopamine initiator was shown to be a better initiator for cotton fibre than BIBB, possibly since the adsorbed water on cotton fibres can react with BIBB. The improvement of interfacial adhesion between cotton fibres and a PMMA matrix by grafting PMMA on the cotton surface was assessed by peel testing of cotton fibres pressed into PMMA sheets. There is a clear trend in the relationship between the peeling force and growth time of PMMA on the cotton fibre by ARGET ATRP, although the inter-sample reproducibility is not good.

Download or read book Grants and Awards for the Fiscal Year Ended written by National Science Foundation (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Alkene Polymerization Reactions with Transition Metal Catalysts Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis written by Kissin YV. and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalytic Polymerization of Olefins Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis written by T Keii (Ed) and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: