Download or read book Studies in administration and finance 1558 1825 written by Edward Hughes and published by . This book was released on 1934 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies in Administration and Finance 1558 1825 written by Edward Hughes and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies in Administration and Finance 1558 1825 With Special Reference to the History of Salt Taxation in England With a Portrait written by Edward Hughes (Professor of Modern History in the University of Durham.) and published by . This book was released on 1934 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies in Administration and Finance 1558 1825 written by Edward Hughes and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies in Administration and Finance 1558 1825 With Special Reference to the Hisory of Salt Taxation in England written by Edward Hughes and published by . This book was released on 1934 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies in Administration and Finance 1558 1825 written by Edmond Hughes and published by . This book was released on 1934 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book British Society 1680 1880 written by Richard Price and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-10-28 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major interpretation of British history in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Download or read book English Historical Documents 1660 1714 written by David Charles Douglas and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 1005 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a collection of documents on English history. Editorial comment is directed towards making sources intelligible rather than drawing conclusions from them. Full account has been taken of modern textual criticism. A general introduction to each volume portrays the character of the period under review and critical bibliographies have been added to assist further investigation. Documents collected include treaties, personal letters, statutes, military dispatches, diaries, declarations, newspaper articles, government and cabinet proceedings, orders, acts, sermons, pamphlets, agricultural instructions, charters, grants, guild regulations and voting records. Volumes include genealogical tables, lists of officials, chronologies, diagrams, graphs and maps.
Download or read book Rebellion Rascals and Revenue written by Michael Keen and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-05-17 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An engaging and enlightening account of taxation told through lively, dramatic, and sometimes ludicrous stories drawn from around the world and across the ages Governments have always struggled to tax in ways that are effective and tolerably fair. Sometimes they fail grotesquely, as when, in 1898, the British ignited a rebellion in Sierra Leone by imposing a tax on huts—and, in repressing it, ended up burning the very huts they intended to tax. Sometimes they succeed astonishingly, as when, in eighteenth-century Britain, a cut in the tax on tea massively increased revenue. In this entertaining book, two leading authorities on taxation, Michael Keen and Joel Slemrod, provide a fascinating and informative tour through these and many other episodes in tax history, both preposterous and dramatic—from the plundering described by Herodotus and an Incan tax payable in lice to the (misremembered) Boston Tea Party and the scandals of the Panama Papers. Along the way, readers meet a colorful cast of tax rascals, and even a few tax heroes. While it is hard to fathom the inspiration behind such taxes as one on ships that tended to make them sink, Keen and Slemrod show that yesterday’s tax systems have more in common with ours than we may think. Georgian England’s window tax now seems quaint, but was an ingenious way of judging wealth unobtrusively. And Tsar Peter the Great’s tax on beards aimed to induce the nobility to shave, much like today’s carbon taxes aim to slow global warming. Rebellion, Rascals, and Revenue is a surprising and one-of-a-kind account of how history illuminates the perennial challenges and timeless principles of taxation—and how the past holds clues to solving the tax problems of today.
Download or read book The Age of Oligarchy written by Geoffrey Holmes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-16 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second volume, on early and mid-Georgian Britain, shows how the country used its expanding wealth, its new-found social cohesion at home and its international influence abroad to become not only a European but an imperial power. As with the first volume, every aspect of the period is covered.
Download or read book Corruption Party and Government in Britain 1702 1713 written by Aaron Graham and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2015-05-28 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corruption, Party, and Government in Britain, 1702-1713 offers an innovative and original reinterpretation of state formation in eighteenth-century Britain, reconceptualising it as a political and fundamentally partisan process. Focussing on the supply of funds to the army during the War of the Spanish Succession (1702-13), it demonstrates that public officials faced multiple incompatible demands, but that political partisanship helped to prioritise them, and to hammer out settlements that embodied a version of the national interest. These decisions were then transmitted to agents in overseas through a mixture of personal incentives and partisan loyalties which built trust and turned these informal networks into instruments of public policy. However, the process of building trust and supplying funds laid officials and agents open to accusations of embezzlement, fraud and financial misappropriation. In particular, although successive financial officials ran entrepreneurial private financial ventures that enabled the army overseas to avoid dangerous financial shortfalls, they found it necessary to cover the costs and risks by receiving illegal 'gratifications' from the regiments. Reconstructing these transactions in detail, this book demonstrates that these corrupt payments advanced the public service, and thus that 'corruption' was as much a dispute over ends as means. Ultimately, this volume demonstrates that state formation in eighteenth-century Britain was a contested process of interest aggregation, in which common partisan aims helped to negotiate compromises between various irreconcilable public priorities and private interests, within the frameworks provided by formal institutions, and then collaboratively imposed through overlapping and intersecting networks of formal and informal agents.
Download or read book Social Thought in England 1480 1730 written by A.L. Beier and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-05 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authorities ranging from philosophers to politicians nowadays question the existence of concepts of society, whether in the present or the past. This book argues that social concepts most definitely existed in late medieval and early modern England, laying the foundations for modern models of society. The book analyzes social paradigms and how they changed in the period. A pervasive medieval model was the "body social," which imagined a society of three estates – the clergy, the nobility, and the commonalty – conjoined by interdependent functions, arranged in static hierarchies based upon birth, and rejecting wealth and championing poverty. Another model the book describes as "social humanist," that fundamentally questioned the body social, advancing merit over birth, mobility over stasis, and wealth over poverty. The theory of the body social was vigorously articulated between the 1480s and the 1550s. Parts of the old metaphor actually survived beyond 1550, but alternative models of social humanist thought challenged the body concept in the period, advancing a novel paradigm of merit, mobility, and wealth. The book’s methodology focuses on the intellectual context of a variety of contemporary texts.
Download or read book The Search for Salvation written by Audrey-Beth Fitch and published by Birlinn Ltd. This book was released on 2009-11-06 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Search for Salvation is an innovative and interdisciplinary study of lay faith in Scotland in the later Milddle Ages, examining both the religious ideas and practices of the people, and the ways in which these were shaped by images in literature, art, and church writings. Contrary to traditional views, which portray the late medieval Scottish church as weak and corrupt, the book argues for the vitality and flourishing of lay piety in the later fifteenth and first half of the sixteenth century. It thus sheds new light on the coming of the Protestant Reformation, as well as revealing the richness of the world of medieval Scottish religious imagery. Each chapter examines one aspect of faith and the lay responses to it. The first part of the book discusses three central concepts in people's understanding of death and salvation - the Day of Judgement, Heaven and Hell, and Purgatory. The second part looks at the way in which people perceived of and related to three central figures of Christianity: God, Mary and Jesus. In examining such a wide variety of beliefs, the book goes beyond the study of religion to provide an understanding of the nature and functioning of medieval society as a whole.
Download or read book Government and Community in the English Provinces 1700 1870 written by David Eastwood and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 1997-06-09 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this bold and original study, David Eastwood offers a reinterpretation of politics and public life in provincial England. He explores the ways in which power was exercised, and reconstructs the social and cultural foundations of political authority in provincial England. Professor Eastwood demonstrates the crucial role played by local elites in policy-making, and shows how English public institutions and political culture can only be understood in terms of the long-run development of the English state.
Download or read book The British Fiscal Military States 1660 c 1783 written by Aaron Graham and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-26 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of the 'fiscal-military state', popularised by John Brewer in 1989, has become familiar, even commonplace, to many historians of eighteenth-century England. Yet even at the time of its publication the book caused controversy, and the essays in this volume demonstrate how recent work on fiscal structures, military and naval contractors, on parallel developments in Scotland and Ireland, and on the wider political context, has challenged the fundamentals of this model in increasingly sophisticated and nuanced ways. Beginning with a historiographical introduction that places The Sinews of Power and subsequent work on the fiscal-military state within its wider contexts, and a commentary by John Brewer that responds to the questions raised by this work, the chapters in this volume explore topics as varied as finance and revenue, the interaction of the state with society, the relations between the military and its contractors, and even the utility of the concept of the fiscal-military state. It concludes with an afterword by Professor Stephen Conway, situating the essays in comparative contexts, and highlighting potential avenues for future research. Taken as a whole, this volume offers challenging and imaginative new perspectives on the fiscal-military structures that underpinned the development of modern European states from the eighteenth century onwards.
Download or read book Rethinking Leviathan written by John Brewer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering an approach to the history of the modern state, this text concentrates on the 18th century and on two cases, those of Britain and Germany.
Download or read book City of Capital written by Bruce G. Carruthers and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1999-11-29 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While many have examined how economic interests motivate political action, Bruce Carruthers explores the reverse relationship by focusing on how political interests shape a market. He sets his inquiry within the context of late Stuart England, when an active stock market emerged and when Whig and Tory parties vied for control of a newly empowered Parliament. Carruthers examines the institutional linkage between politics and the market that consisted of three joint-stock companies--the Bank of England, the East India Company, and the South Sea Company--which all loaned large sums to the government and whose shares dominated trading on the stock market. Through innovative research that connects the voting behavior of individuals in parliamentary elections with their economic behavior in the stock market, Carruthers demonstrates that party conflict figured prominently during the company foundings as Whigs and Tories tried to dominate company directorships. For them, the national debt was as much a political as a fiscal instrument. In 1712, the Bank was largely controlled by the Whigs, and the South Sea Company by the Tories. The two parties competed, however, for control of the East India Company, and so Whigs tended to trade shares only with Whigs, and Tories with Tories. Probing such connections between politics and markets at both institutional and individual levels, Carruthers ultimately argues that competitive markets are not inherently apolitical spheres guided by economic interest but rather ongoing creations of social actors pursuing multiple goals.
