Download or read book Structure of Glasses Containing Transition Metal Ions Progress Report June 1 1975 January 31 1976 Lead Silicate and Alkaline Earth Nitrate Host Glasses written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarized is work on the structure of transition metal ion-containing silicate, borate, and other insulator glasses. Raman spectra were measured on lead silicate and on alkali-alkaline earth nitrate glasses. Raman spectra of lead silicate glasses are strongly polarized. The high frequency modes are greatly broadened with respect to alkali silicate glasses and new features appear in the low frequency region related to the lead concentration. The nitrate glass Raman spectra show broadened bands in more or less the positions expected from the molecular modes of the nitrate ions. The broadening and some splitting of these bands can be interpreted in terms of a distribution of local fields around the nitrate ions. An extensive series of chromium-containing silicate and borate glasses were prepared. Chromium appears in both Cr/sup 3 +/ and Cr/sup 6 +/ states. The Raman spectra show that hexavalent chromium exists in the glasses as molecular chromate or dichromate-like clusters. Cr/sup 6 +/ is not incorporated into the network. The local environment of Cr/sup 3 +/ was investigated by optical absorption and luminescence spectroscopy. The optical properties of Cr/sup 3 +/ in silicates were largely independent of base glass composition, which is not true of the borates. A study was begun on the local environment of iron in glasses through the optical absorption of Fe/sup 2 +/ and an observable red luminescence of Fe/sup 3 +/ which seems to be incorporated into the network. A characteristic yellow luminescence of very pure base glasses is also under investigation. 11 figures.
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structure of Glasses Containing Transition Metal Ions Progress Report February 1 1976 January 31 1977 written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research concerning the structure and properties of insulator glasses that contain transition metal ions is reported. Investigation of host glass structures in silicate, borate, and other glasses was made with tools such as infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The environment of the dissolved transition metal ions was probed with optical absorption, Raman, and luminescence spectroscopy. Glass composition and valence states of transition metals were used to characterize the thermodynamic behavior of the glasses with respect to nucleation, crystallization, phase separation and stability of the glasses. (GHT).
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
Download or read book Structure of Glasses Containing Transition Metal Ions Progress Report February 1 1980 January 31 1981 written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research is concerned with the structure and properties of insulator glasses, particularly as these are modified by transition metal ions in solution. This progress report spans a one-year period and describes the status of the work two-thirds into the sixth contract year. Work on the host glasses has been concentrated on the alkali borosilicate, alkali aluminosilicate and alkali-gallia-silicate glasses. The main interest here is the structure setting for aluminum. The optical absorption spectra of nickel and iron in a variety of glasses have been examined. Utilization of luminescence in addition to optical absorption spectra has permitted the identification of several iron arrangements in glass. The investigation of diffusion processes, particularly hydrogen diffusion, by sputter-induced photon spectrometry (SIPS) has moved from qualitative demonstration to quantitative calculation.
Download or read book Structure of Glasses Containing Transition Metal Ions Progress Report February 1 1979 January 31 1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New normal coordinate calculations were used to relate the vibrational frequencies of silicate glasses to Si-O force constants. These appear to account for the observed frequency shifts with degree of silica polymerization. Raman spectroscopy has been used to elucidate the structure of sodium borosilicate glasses and of sodium aluminosilicate glasses. Structures of compositionally complex glasses can be understood if spectra are measured on many glasses spaced at small compositional intervals. Optical absorption spectra were used to investigate the structural setting of iron in alkali silicate glasses. Research on the alkali-hydrogen exchange in alkali silicate glasses was completed and additional work on ternary glasses is under way. A series of appendices present completed work on the structural investigations of alkali borosilicate glasses, on the structural setting of transition metal ions in glasses, and on the diffusion of hydrogen in alkali silicate glasses.
Download or read book Structure of Glasses Containing Transition Metal Ions written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis and Spectroscopic Study of Lead silicate Glasses Containing Transition Metal Ions written by Jutamanee Kowitthaya and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Copper and Bronze in Art written by David A. Scott and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a review of 190 years of literature on copper and its alloys. It integrates information on pigments, corrosion and minerals, and discusses environmental conditions, conservation methods, ancient and historical technologies.
Download or read book The Structure of Alkali Silicate Glasses and Melts written by Cedrick O'Shaughnessy and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The structure of alkali silicate glasses and melts is investigated using a multi-spectroscopic approach. Raman spectroscopy is used to characterize the local to intermediate range order within the glasses. We show that the distribution of rings varies as a function of composition, with 3-membered rings gaining importance with increasing alkali content. We apply a newly developed model for the tting of the high frequency envelope related to SiO4 symmetric stretch vibrations of Qn species. These ts are interpreted using the idea of modifier bound bridging oxygen. The proportions of the different Qn species vary with alkali concentration with Q4 species breaking down to form lower order Qn species with increasing alkali content. The Q2 peak appears at increasingly higher concentrations of M2O with increasing cation size. This leads us to believe that cations with a higher charge density cluster more readily than cations with a lower charge density. At the 20 mol. % composition we see a change in the silicate network, as shown by the absence of a Q4 peak and the proportion of 3-membered rings. The unique behaviour of lithium was investigated using X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. We conducted experiments on a variety of lithium-bearing salts, minerals and glasses (LS: lithium silicate and LMS: lithium alkaline-earth silicate glasses) in order to characterize the lithium bonding environment. The Li K-edge position depends on the electronegativity of the element to which it is bound. The intensity of the first peak varies, depending on the existence of a 2p electron and can be used to evaluate the degree of ionicity of the bond. Crystalline lithium metasilicate has a sharp, strong intensity absorption edge whereas the lithium silicate glasses all have a weak intensity edge feature, similar to that of lithium carbonate. The area of the absorption edge peak increases with the lithium content of the LS glasses. The LMS glasses edge peak changes drastically depending on the alkaline-earth present. The peak area of the LMS glasses decreases with increasing charge density from barium to magnesium. We believe that the presence of Mg leads to more covalent-like Li-O bonds.
Download or read book The Structure and Mechanical Properties of Inorganic Glasses written by Georgiĭ Mikhaĭlovich Bartenev and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methods for Geochemical Analysis written by Philip A. Baedecker and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analytical methods used in the Geologic Division laboratories of the U.S. Geological Survey for the inorganic chemical analysis of rock and mineral samples.
Download or read book Materials for Advanced Batteries written by D. Murphy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of a NATO Science Committee Institute on "Materials for Advanced Batteries" was suggested to JB and DWM by Dr. A. G. Chynoweth. His idea was to bring together experts in the field over the entire spectrum of pure research to applied research in order to familiarize everyone with potentially interesting new systems and the problems involved in their development. Dr. M. C. B. Hotz and Professor M. N. Ozdas were instrumental in helping organize this meeting as a NATO Advanced Science Institute. An organlzlng committee consisting of the three of us along with W. A. Adams, U. v Alpen, J. Casey and J. Rouxel organized the program. The program consisted of plenary talks and poster papers which are included in this volume. Nearly half the time of the conference was spent in study groups. The aim of these groups was to assess the status of several key aspects of batteries and prospects for research opportunities in each. The study groups and their chairmen were: Current status and new systems J. Broadhead High temperature systems W. A. Adams Interface problems B. C. H. Steele Electrolytes U. v Alpen Electrode materials J. Rouxel These discussions are summarized in this volume. We and all the conference participants are most grateful to Professor J. Rouxel for suggesting the Aussois conference site, and to both he and Dr. M. Armand for handling local arrangements.
Download or read book Sol Gel Technologies for Glass Producers and Users written by Michel Andre Aegerter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sol-Gel Techniques for Glass Producers and Users provides technological information, descriptions and characterizations of prototypes, or products already on the market, and illustrates advantages and disadvantages of the sol-gel process in comparison to other methods. The first chapter entitled "Wet Chemical Technology" gives a summary of the basic principles of the sol-gel chemistry. The most promising applications are related to coatings. Chapter 2 describes the various "Wet Chemical Coating Technologies" from glass cleaning to many deposition and post-coating treatment techniques. These include patterning of coatings through direct or indirect techniques which have became very important and for which the sol-gel processing is particularly well adapted. Chapter 3 entitled "Bulk Glass Technologies" reports on the preparation of special glasses for different applications. Chapter 4 entitled "Coatings and Materials Properties" describes the properties of the different coatings and the sol-gel materials, fibers and powders. The chapter also includes a section dedicated to the characterization techniques especially applied to sol-gel coatings and products.
Download or read book The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements 3rd ed Volumes 1 5 written by L.R. Morss and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-31 with total page 4059 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements is a contemporary and definitive compilation of chemical properties of all of the actinide elements, especially of the technologically important elements uranium and plutonium, as well as the transactinide elements. In addition to the comprehensive treatment of the chemical properties of each element, ion, and compound from atomic number 89 (actinium) through to 109 (meitnerium), this multi-volume work has specialized and definitive chapters on electronic theory, optical and laser fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, organoactinide chemistry, thermodynamics, magnetic properties, the metals, coordination chemistry, separations, and trace analysis. Several chapters deal with environmental science, safe handling, and biological interactions of the actinide elements. The Editors invited teams of authors, who are active practitioners and recognized experts in their specialty, to write each chapter and have endeavoured to provide a balanced and insightful treatment of these fascinating elements at the frontier of the periodic table. Because the field has expanded with new spectroscopic techniques and environmental focus, the work encompasses five volumes, each of which groups chapters on related topics. All chapters represent the current state of research in the chemistry of these elements and related fields.
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Beryllium written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molten Salt Technology written by David G. Lovering and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
