Download or read book Structure Discovery in Natural Language written by Chris Biemann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-08 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current language technology is dominated by approaches that either enumerate a large set of rules, or are focused on a large amount of manually labelled data. The creation of both is time-consuming and expensive, which is commonly thought to be the reason why automated natural language understanding has still not made its way into “real-life” applications yet. This book sets an ambitious goal: to shift the development of language processing systems to a much more automated setting than previous works. A new approach is defined: what if computers analysed large samples of language data on their own, identifying structural regularities that perform the necessary abstractions and generalisations in order to better understand language in the process? After defining the framework of Structure Discovery and shedding light on the nature and the graphic structure of natural language data, several procedures are described that do exactly this: let the computer discover structures without supervision in order to boost the performance of language technology applications. Here, multilingual documents are sorted by language, word classes are identified, and semantic ambiguities are discovered and resolved without using a dictionary or other explicit human input. The book concludes with an outlook on the possibilities implied by this paradigm and sets the methods in perspective to human computer interaction. The target audience are academics on all levels (undergraduate and graduate students, lecturers and professors) working in the fields of natural language processing and computational linguistics, as well as natural language engineers who are seeking to improve their systems.
Download or read book Structure Discovery in Natural Language written by and published by . This book was released on 2011-12-09 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unsupervised and Knowledge free Natural Language Processing in the Structure Discovery Paradigm written by Chris Biemann and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Algebraic Structures in Natural Language written by Shalom Lappin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-23 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algebraic Structures in Natural Language addresses a central problem in cognitive science concerning the learning procedures through which humans acquire and represent natural language. Until recently algebraic systems have dominated the study of natural language in formal and computational linguistics, AI, and the psychology of language, with linguistic knowledge seen as encoded in formal grammars, model theories, proof theories and other rule-driven devices. Recent work on deep learning has produced an increasingly powerful set of general learning mechanisms which do not apply rule-based algebraic models of representation. The success of deep learning in NLP has led some researchers to question the role of algebraic models in the study of human language acquisition and linguistic representation. Psychologists and cognitive scientists have also been exploring explanations of language evolution and language acquisition that rely on probabilistic methods, social interaction and information theory, rather than on formal models of grammar induction. This book addresses the learning procedures through which humans acquire natural language, and the way in which they represent its properties. It brings together leading researchers from computational linguistics, psychology, behavioral science and mathematical linguistics to consider the significance of non-algebraic methods for the study of natural language. The text represents a wide spectrum of views, from the claim that algebraic systems are largely irrelevant to the contrary position that non-algebraic learning methods are engineering devices for efficiently identifying the patterns that underlying grammars and semantic models generate for natural language input. There are interesting and important perspectives that fall at intermediate points between these opposing approaches, and they may combine elements of both. It will appeal to researchers and advanced students in each of these fields, as well as to anyone who wants to learn more about the relationship between computational models and natural language.
Download or read book Modern Computational Models of Semantic Discovery in Natural Language written by Žižka, Jan and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2015-07-17 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language—that is, oral or written content that references abstract concepts in subtle ways—is what sets us apart as a species, and in an age defined by such content, language has become both the fuel and the currency of our modern information society. This has posed a vexing new challenge for linguists and engineers working in the field of language-processing: how do we parse and process not just language itself, but language in vast, overwhelming quantities? Modern Computational Models of Semantic Discovery in Natural Language compiles and reviews the most prominent linguistic theories into a single source that serves as an essential reference for future solutions to one of the most important challenges of our age. This comprehensive publication benefits an audience of students and professionals, researchers, and practitioners of linguistics and language discovery. This book includes a comprehensive range of topics and chapters covering digital media, social interaction in online environments, text and data mining, language processing and translation, and contextual documentation, among others.
Download or read book The Natural Language for Artificial Intelligence written by Dioneia Motta Monte-Serrat and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-04-06 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Natural Language for Artificial Intelligence presents natural language as the next frontier because it identifies something that is most sought after by scholars: The universal structure of language that gives rise to the respective universal algorithm. In short, this book presents the biological and logical structure typical of human language in its dynamic mediating process between reality and the human mind that, at the same time, interprets the context of reality. It is a non-static approach to natural language, which is defined as a complex system whose parts interact with the ability to generate a new quality of behavior and whose dynamic elements are mapped in order to be understood and executed by intelligent systems, guiding the paradigms of cognitive computing. The book explains linguistic functioning in the dynamic process of human cognition when forming meaning. After that, an approach to artificial intelligence (AI) is outlined, which works with a more restricted concept of natural language, leading to flaws and ambiguities. Subsequently, the characteristics of natural language and patterns of how it behaves in different branches of science are revealed, to indicate ways to improve the development of AI in specific fields of science. A brief description of the universal structure of language is also presented as an algorithmic model to be followed in the development of AI. Since AI aims to imitate the process of the human mind, the book shows how the cross-fertilization between natural language and AI should be done using the logical-axiomatic structure of natural language adjusted to the logical-mathematical processes of the machine.
Download or read book Linguistic Fundamentals for Natural Language Processing written by Emily M. Bender and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2013-06-01 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many NLP tasks have at their core a subtask of extracting the dependencies—who did what to whom—from natural language sentences. This task can be understood as the inverse of the problem solved in different ways by diverse human languages, namely, how to indicate the relationship between different parts of a sentence. Understanding how languages solve the problem can be extremely useful in both feature design and error analysis in the application of machine learning to NLP. Likewise, understanding cross-linguistic variation can be important for the design of MT systems and other multilingual applications. The purpose of this book is to present in a succinct and accessible fashion information about the morphological and syntactic structure of human languages that can be useful in creating more linguistically sophisticated, more language-independent, and thus more successful NLP systems. Table of Contents: Acknowledgments / Introduction/motivation / Morphology: Introduction / Morphophonology / Morphosyntax / Syntax: Introduction / Parts of speech / Heads, arguments, and adjuncts / Argument types and grammatical functions / Mismatches between syntactic position and semantic roles / Resources / Bibliography / Author's Biography / General Index / Index of Languages
Download or read book Natural Language Processing and Text Mining written by Anne Kao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-06 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural Language Processing and Text Mining not only discusses applications of Natural Language Processing techniques to certain Text Mining tasks, but also the converse, the use of Text Mining to assist NLP. It assembles a diverse views from internationally recognized researchers and emphasizes caveats in the attempt to apply Natural Language Processing to text mining. This state-of-the-art survey is a must-have for advanced students, professionals, and researchers.
Download or read book Multilingual Natural Language Processing Applications written by Daniel Bikel and published by IBM Press. This book was released on 2012-05-11 with total page 829 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multilingual Natural Language Processing Applications is the first comprehensive single-source guide to building robust and accurate multilingual NLP systems. Edited by two leading experts, it integrates cutting-edge advances with practical solutions drawn from extensive field experience. Part I introduces the core concepts and theoretical foundations of modern multilingual natural language processing, presenting today’s best practices for understanding word and document structure, analyzing syntax, modeling language, recognizing entailment, and detecting redundancy. Part II thoroughly addresses the practical considerations associated with building real-world applications, including information extraction, machine translation, information retrieval/search, summarization, question answering, distillation, processing pipelines, and more. This book contains important new contributions from leading researchers at IBM, Google, Microsoft, Thomson Reuters, BBN, CMU, University of Edinburgh, University of Washington, University of North Texas, and others. Coverage includes Core NLP problems, and today’s best algorithms for attacking them Processing the diverse morphologies present in the world’s languages Uncovering syntactical structure, parsing semantics, using semantic role labeling, and scoring grammaticality Recognizing inferences, subjectivity, and opinion polarity Managing key algorithmic and design tradeoffs in real-world applications Extracting information via mention detection, coreference resolution, and events Building large-scale systems for machine translation, information retrieval, and summarization Answering complex questions through distillation and other advanced techniques Creating dialog systems that leverage advances in speech recognition, synthesis, and dialog management Constructing common infrastructure for multiple multilingual text processing applications This book will be invaluable for all engineers, software developers, researchers, and graduate students who want to process large quantities of text in multiple languages, in any environment: government, corporate, or academic.
Download or read book Introduction to Natural Language Processing written by Jacob Eisenstein and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-10-01 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey of computational methods for understanding, generating, and manipulating human language, which offers a synthesis of classical representations and algorithms with contemporary machine learning techniques. This textbook provides a technical perspective on natural language processing—methods for building computer software that understands, generates, and manipulates human language. It emphasizes contemporary data-driven approaches, focusing on techniques from supervised and unsupervised machine learning. The first section establishes a foundation in machine learning by building a set of tools that will be used throughout the book and applying them to word-based textual analysis. The second section introduces structured representations of language, including sequences, trees, and graphs. The third section explores different approaches to the representation and analysis of linguistic meaning, ranging from formal logic to neural word embeddings. The final section offers chapter-length treatments of three transformative applications of natural language processing: information extraction, machine translation, and text generation. End-of-chapter exercises include both paper-and-pencil analysis and software implementation. The text synthesizes and distills a broad and diverse research literature, linking contemporary machine learning techniques with the field's linguistic and computational foundations. It is suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and graduate-level courses and as a reference for software engineers and data scientists. Readers should have a background in computer programming and college-level mathematics. After mastering the material presented, students will have the technical skill to build and analyze novel natural language processing systems and to understand the latest research in the field.
Download or read book Handbook of Natural Language Processing written by Nitin Indurkhya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-02-22 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Natural Language Processing, Second Edition presents practical tools and techniques for implementing natural language processing in computer systems. Along with removing outdated material, this edition updates every chapter and expands the content to include emerging areas, such as sentiment analysis.New to the Second EditionGreater
Download or read book Natural Language Processing written by Epaminondas Kapetanios and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-11-14 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the semantic aspects of natural language processing and its applications. Topics covered include: measuring word meaning similarity, multi-lingual querying, and parametric theory, named entity recognition, semantics, query language, and the nature of language. The book also emphasizes the portions of mathematics needed to under
Download or read book Natural Language Processing with SAS written by and published by . This book was released on 2020-08-31 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a branch of artificial intelligence that helps computers understand, interpret, and emulate written or spoken human language. NLP draws from many disciplines including human-generated linguistic rules, machine learning, and deep learning to fill the gap between human communication and machine understanding. The papers included in this special collection demonstrate how NLP can be used to scale the human act of reading, organizing, and quantifying text data.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-08-21 with total page 3421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology: ABC of Bioinformatics, Three Volume Set combines elements of computer science, information technology, mathematics, statistics and biotechnology, providing the methodology and in silico solutions to mine biological data and processes. The book covers Theory, Topics and Applications, with a special focus on Integrative –omics and Systems Biology. The theoretical, methodological underpinnings of BCB, including phylogeny are covered, as are more current areas of focus, such as translational bioinformatics, cheminformatics, and environmental informatics. Finally, Applications provide guidance for commonly asked questions. This major reference work spans basic and cutting-edge methodologies authored by leaders in the field, providing an invaluable resource for students, scientists, professionals in research institutes, and a broad swath of researchers in biotechnology and the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries. Brings together information from computer science, information technology, mathematics, statistics and biotechnology Written and reviewed by leading experts in the field, providing a unique and authoritative resource Focuses on the main theoretical and methodological concepts before expanding on specific topics and applications Includes interactive images, multimedia tools and crosslinking to further resources and databases
Download or read book Theoretical Issues in Language Acquisition written by Jürgen Weissborn and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent linguistic theory, there has been an explosion of detailed studies of language variation. This volume applies such recent analyses to the study of child language, developing new approaches to change and variation in child grammars and revealing both early knowledge in several areas of grammar and a period of extended development in others. Topics dealt with include question formation, "subjectless" sentences, object gaps, rules for missing subject interpretation, passive sentences, rules for pronoun interpretation and argument structure. Leading developmental linguists and psycholinguists show how linguistic theory can help define and inform a theory of the dynamics of language development and its biological basis, meeting the growing need for such studies in programs in linguistics, psychology, and cognitive science.
Download or read book Controlled Natural Language written by Norbert E Fuchs and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-07-06 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlled natural languages (CNLs) are subsets of natural languages, obtained by - stricting the grammar and vocabulary in order to reduce or eliminate ambiguity and complexity. Traditionally, controlled languagesfall into two major types: those that - prove readability for human readers, and those that enable reliable automatic semantic analysis of the language. [. . . ] The second type of languages has a formal logical basis, i. e. they have a formal syntax and semantics, and can be mapped to an existing formal language, such as ?rst-order logic. Thus, those languages can be used as knowledge representation languages, and writing of those languages is supported by fully au- matic consistency and redundancy checks, query answering, etc. Wikipedia Variouscontrollednatural languagesof the second type have been developedby a n- ber of organizations, and have been used in many different application domains, most recently within the Semantic Web. The workshop CNL 2009 was dedicated to discussing the similarities and the d- ferences of existing controlled natural languages of the second type, possible impro- ments to these languages, relations to other knowledge representation languages, tool support, existing and future applications, and further topics of interest.
Download or read book Quantum Interaction written by Jerome R. Busemeyer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-28 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Quantum Interaction, QI 2012, held in Paris in June 2012. The 21 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 32 submissions. The papers cover various topics on quantum interaction.
