Download or read book Structure and Relaxations in Soft Ion Conducting Materials written by V. Di Noto and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2015-07-29 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structure and Relaxations in Soft Ion conducting Materials written by Vito Di Noto and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conductivity Morphology and Dynamics of Single Ion Conducting Random and Block Copolymers written by Jing-Han Wang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ionomers, where ionic groups are covalently bonded to the polymer backbone, have the potential application as both separator and electrolyte for cationic and anionic conducting rechargeable batteries. The chemical structure that provides the best ionic conductivities remains a challenging yet elusive goal, thus the structure-property relationship of single-ion conducting ionomers is thoroughly investigated in this study, using random copolymer ionomers with nonionic methacryl ethylene oxide as both polycation and polyanions, with the latter also made into block copolymers.Random copolymer ionomers with ethylene oxide side chains are synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, to systematically test effects of ion content. Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) is used to measure the conductivity, dielectric constant and segmental relaxations in these ionomers and the electrode polarization at very low frequencies is used to assess the number density of simultaneously conducting ions and their mobility. Glass transition temperature (Tg) increases gradually as ions are incorporated at low ion content in polyethylene oxide-based styrene sulfonate ionomers then sharply as the ion content reaches 1:9 ion to ether oxygen (EO) ratio. The ionomer with 1:81 ion to EO ratio shows highest room temperature conductivity that results from the best combination of number density of simultaneously conducting ions and their mobility. Ion states are investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and can be related to dielectric measurements. The microphase separation that is anticipated in the ionomers with higher ion contents is probed by X-ray scattering and linear viscoelastic (LVE) measurements.Polycations with weak-binding aromatic phosphonium groups are also investigated with possible application for alkaline fuel cells and fluoride ion batteries. Tg broadens and increases with ion content (less than 1 oC per mol% of ionic comonomer), and the increase in Tg per mol% ion ionic monomer is much smaller than that for styrene sulfonate ionomers (~3 oC/mol%). The dynamics of these phosphonium ionomers are probed by LVE measurements, and two clear glassy relaxations can be seen in the LVE master curves though only one Tg is seen in differential scanning calorimetry that broadens with ion content.In order to serve as both electrolyte and separator in rechargeable batteries, ionomers are required to exhibit both sufficient modulus and high ionic conductivity. However, good ionic conductivity is mostly correlated with low Tg materials where rapid segmental motion of the polymer aided ion transport, and decoupling of the electrical and mechanical properties of polymeric electrolytes is needed. By using poly(dimethylacrylamide) as the hard block with Tg=120 oC of ~50/50 diblock copolymer ionomers, the modulus is as high as 50 MPa at 60 oC for diblock copolymer ionomers with ~100 k and ~50 k molecular weights but decreases with ion content owing to more phase mixing. The ion containing poly(ethylene oxide)-based block, synthesized by RAFT polymerization, provides a low-Tg (~ -50 oC) medium for ion conduction. The conductivity of ionomeric diblock copolymers at 60 oC is ~2x10^(-8) S/cm at ~10 mol% ionic monomer in the soft block (~10-6 S/cm at 60 oC for PEO-based random copolymers with similar ion content) and increases with increasing ion content, and polymer chain dynamics in the soft block are studied by DRS under an applied ac field.Small amplitude oscillatory shear is not only used to detect the mechanical response to assess the modulus of the glassy block, but the low-frequency response in the LVE master curves is combined with X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy to probe the diblock copolymer morphology. The ~100 k molecular weight diblock copolymers exhibit lamellae morphology and longer range order is seen for the diblock copolymer with lowest ion content since the extent of phase mixing increases with ion content. No long range order can be observed in ~50 k molecular weight diblock copolymers, and the lowest molecular weight (~25 k) diblock copolymers are disordered at all temperatures studied.
Download or read book Polymerized Ionic Liquids written by Ali Eftekhari and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series covers the fundamentals and applications of different smart material systems from renowned international experts.
Download or read book Biopolymer Electrolytes written by Sudhakar Y N and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-06-09 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biopolymer Electrolytes: Fundamentals and Applications in Energy Storage provides the core fundamentals and applications for polyelectrolytes and their properties with a focus on biopolymer electrolytes. Increasing global energy and environmental challenges demand clean and sustainable energy sources to support the modern society. One of the feasible technologies is to use green energy and green materials in devices. Biopolymer electrolytes are one such green material and, hence, have enormous application potential in devices such as electrochemical cells and fuel cells. Features a stable of case studies throughout the book that underscore key concepts and applications Provides the core fundamentals and applications for polyelectrolytes and their properties Weaves the subject of biopolymer electrolytes across a broad range of disciplines, including chemistry, chemical engineering, materials science, environmental science, and pharmaceutical science
Download or read book Soft Matter under Exogenic Impacts written by Sylwester J. Rzoska and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-14 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is unique in supplying a comprehensive presentation of high pressures, negative pressures, random constraints and strong electric field exogenic (external) impacts on various soft matter systems. The book is an excellent guide in this novel and still puzzling research area. The book comes as a result from the ARW NATO brainstorming discussion in Odessa, Ukraine (8-12 Oct. 2005). It contains 31 papers prepared by key specialists in the field.
Download or read book Polymer Science A Comprehensive Reference written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-12-05 with total page 7752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The progress in polymer science is revealed in the chapters of Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference, Ten Volume Set. In Volume 1, this is reflected in the improved understanding of the properties of polymers in solution, in bulk and in confined situations such as in thin films. Volume 2 addresses new characterization techniques, such as high resolution optical microscopy, scanning probe microscopy and other procedures for surface and interface characterization. Volume 3 presents the great progress achieved in precise synthetic polymerization techniques for vinyl monomers to control macromolecular architecture: the development of metallocene and post-metallocene catalysis for olefin polymerization, new ionic polymerization procedures, and atom transfer radical polymerization, nitroxide mediated polymerization, and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer systems as the most often used controlled/living radical polymerization methods. Volume 4 is devoted to kinetics, mechanisms and applications of ring opening polymerization of heterocyclic monomers and cycloolefins (ROMP), as well as to various less common polymerization techniques. Polycondensation and non-chain polymerizations, including dendrimer synthesis and various "click" procedures, are covered in Volume 5. Volume 6 focuses on several aspects of controlled macromolecular architectures and soft nano-objects including hybrids and bioconjugates. Many of the achievements would have not been possible without new characterization techniques like AFM that allowed direct imaging of single molecules and nano-objects with a precision available only recently. An entirely new aspect in polymer science is based on the combination of bottom-up methods such as polymer synthesis and molecularly programmed self-assembly with top-down structuring such as lithography and surface templating, as presented in Volume 7. It encompasses polymer and nanoparticle assembly in bulk and under confined conditions or influenced by an external field, including thin films, inorganic-organic hybrids, or nanofibers. Volume 8 expands these concepts focusing on applications in advanced technologies, e.g. in electronic industry and centers on combination with top down approach and functional properties like conductivity. Another type of functionality that is of rapidly increasing importance in polymer science is introduced in volume 9. It deals with various aspects of polymers in biology and medicine, including the response of living cells and tissue to the contact with biofunctional particles and surfaces. The last volume is devoted to the scope and potential provided by environmentally benign and green polymers, as well as energy-related polymers. They discuss new technologies needed for a sustainable economy in our world of limited resources. Provides broad and in-depth coverage of all aspects of polymer science from synthesis/polymerization, properties, and characterization methods and techniques to nanostructures, sustainability and energy, and biomedical uses of polymers Provides a definitive source for those entering or researching in this area by integrating the multidisciplinary aspects of the science into one unique, up-to-date reference work Electronic version has complete cross-referencing and multi-media components Volume editors are world experts in their field (including a Nobel Prize winner)
Download or read book Structural Biological Materials written by M. Elices and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-05-08 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ongoing process of bio-evolution has produced materials which are perfectly adapted to fulfil a specific functional role. The natural world provides us with a multitude of examples of materials with durability, strength, mechanisms of programmed self-assembly and biodegradability. The materials industry has sought to observe and appreciate the relationship between structure, properties and function of these biological materials. A multidisciplinary approach, building on recent advances at the forefront of physics, chemistry and molecular biology, has been successful in producing many synthetic structures with interesting and useful properties. Structural Biological Materials: Design and Structure-Property Relationships represents an invaluable reference in the field of biological materials science and provides an incisive view into this rapidly developing and increasingly important topic within materials science. This book focuses on the study of three sub-groups of structural biological materials: • Hard tissue engineering, focussing on cortical bone • Soft tissue engineering • Fibrous materials, particularly engineering with silk fibers. The fundamental relationship between structure and properties, and certain aspects of design and engineering, are explored in each of the sub-groups. The importance of these materials, both in their intrinsic properties and specific functions, are illustrated with relevant examples. These depict the successful integration of material properties, architecture and shape, providing a wide range of optimised designs, tailored to specific functions. Edited by Manuel Elices of the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain, this book is Volume 4 in the Pergamon Material Series.
Download or read book Diffusion NMR of Confined Systems written by Rustem Valiullin and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2016-12-13 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the increasing role of porous solids in conventional and newly emerging technologies, there is an urgent need for a deeper understanding of fluid behaviour confined to pore spaces of these materials especially with regard to their transport properties. From its early years, NMR has been recognized as a powerful experimental technique enabling direct access to this information. In the last two decades, the methodological development of different NMR techniques to assess dynamic properties of adsorbed ensembles has been progressed. This book will report on these recent advances and look at new broader applications in engineering and medicine. Having both academic and industrial relevance, this unique reference will be for specialists working in the research areas and for advanced graduate and postgraduate studies who want information on the versatility of diffusion NMR.
Download or read book Superionic Conductor Physics Proceedings Of The 1st International Meeting On Superionic Conductor Physics Idmsicp written by Jun-ichi Kawamura and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007-01-30 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents basic studies on ion transport properties of ionic conductive solid. It describes research on theory, modeling, simulation, crystalline structure, nuclear magnetic resonance, electric conduction, optical properties, and thermal measurement in this field. Superionic conductors are highly promising functional materials. As a stepping stone in the development of new superionic conductors that can be utilized as functinal materials efforts to reevaluate solid-interior diffusion and conduction phenomena of ions and molecules in a superionic conductor on the basis of basic physical properties, and to clarify mechanism governing these phenomena from a microscopic standpoint are important.How are diffusing ions associated with material structures within a superionic conductor? What types of interaction are diffusing ions undergoing with the host ions surrounding them? How important is the correlation among diffusing ions in their motion? The carefully presented detail of this book will be of value to research devoted to the understanding and control of functional materials such as superionic conductors.
Download or read book Materials For Sustainable Energy A Collection Of Peer reviewed Research And Review Articles From Nature Publishing Group written by Vincent Dusastre and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010-10-05 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The search for cleaner, cheaper, smaller and more efficient energy technologies has to a large extent been motivated by the development of new materials. The aim of this collection of articles is therefore to focus on what materials-based solutions can offer and show how the rational design and improvement of their physical and chemical properties can lead to energy-production alternatives that have the potential to compete with existing technologies. In terms of alternative means to generate electricity that utilize renewable energy sources, the most dramatic breakthroughs for both mobile (i.e., transportation) and stationary applications are taking place in the fields of solar and fuel cells. And from an energy-storage perspective, exciting developments can be seen emerging from the fields of rechargeable batteries and hydrogen storage.
Download or read book Introduction to Solid State Ionics written by C. S. Sunandana and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-11-11 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Solid State Ionics: Phenomenology and Applications presents a pedagogical, graduate-level treatment of the science and technology of superionic conductors, also known as fast ion conductors or solid electrolytes. Suitable for physics, materials science, and engineering researchers and students, the text emphasizes basic physics and
Download or read book Principles and Applications of Ferroelectrics and Related Materials written by M. E. Lines and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2001-02 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a standard work on ferroelectrics.
Download or read book Advanced Materials for Electromagnetic Shielding written by Maciej Jaroszewski and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-30 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of the field of materials that shield people and sensitive electronic devices from electromagnetic fields Advanced Materials for Electromagnetic Shielding offers a thorough review of the most recent advances in the processing and characterization of the electromagnetic shielding materials. In this groundbreaking book, the authors—noted experts in the field—discuss the fundamentals of shielding theory as well as the practice of electromagnetic field measuring techniques and systems. They also explore applications of shielding materials used as absorbers of electromagnetic radiation, or as magnetic shields and explore coverage of new advanced materials for EMI shielding in aerospace applications. In addition, the text contains methods of preparation and applicability of metal foams. This comprehensive text examines the influence of technology on the micro-and macrostructure of polymers enabling their use in screening technology, technologies of shielding materials based on textiles, and analyses of its effectiveness in screening. The book also details the method of producing nanowires and their applications in EM shielding. This important resource: Explores the burgeoning market of electromagnetic shielding materials as we create, depend upon, and are exposed to more electronic devices than ever Addresses the most comprehensive issues relating to electromagnetic fields Contains information on the manufacturing, characterization methods, and properties of materials used to protect against them Discusses the important characterization techniques compared with one another, thus allowing scientists to select the best approach to a problem Written for materials scientists, electrical and electronics engineers, physicists, and industrial researchers, Advanced Materials for Electromagnetic Shielding explores all aspects in the area of electromagnetic shielding materials and examines the current state-of-the-art and new challenges in this rapidly growing area.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications of the National Bureau of Standards written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rapidly Quenched Metals 6 written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
