Download or read book Strikebreaking and the Labor Market in the United States 1881 1894 written by Joshua L. Rosenbloom and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strikebreaking and the Labor Market in the United States 1881 1874 written by Joshua L. Rosenbloom and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improvements in transportation and communication combined with technological changes in key manufacturing industries substantially increased competitive pressures in American labor markets during the last half of the nineteenth century. One manifestation of these changes was the widespread use of strikebreakers. In this paper I examine the extent and pattern of strikebreaking in the United States using data from a sample of over 2,000 individual strikes between 1881 and 1894 drawn from reports compiled by the U.S. Commissioner of Labor. Consistent with other evidence of increasing geographic integration at this time, I find that the use of strikebreakers did not vary substantially across regions or by city size. On the other hand, I find that employers in smaller cities and in regions other than the northeast were more likely to have to turn to replacements recruited at a distance, underscoring the important role that employer recruitment played in establishing an integrated labor market. Pronounced variations in the likelihood of strikebreaking across industries suggests, however, that the impact of increasing integration differed for different groups of workers and employers. Finally, the strike data confirm the importance of labor market integration on the outcomes of labor conflict in this period. After controlling for other strike characteristics the use of strikebreakers had a large and negative impact on workers' ability to win strikes.
Download or read book Strikebreaking and the labor market in the United States 1881 1894 written by Joshua L. Rosenbloom and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Pullman Strike and the Crisis of the 1890s written by Richard Schneirov and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pullman strike of 1894 shut down the rail system from Chicago to the West Coast, culminating two decades of labor unrest and helping to define an epochal transition in American history. In this wide-ranging collection, leading labor historians use the prism of the Pullman strike to broaden our understanding of the crisis of the 1890s. By examining the strike in the context of continuities and changes in labor organization, the influences of gender and community, the public representation and contested meaning of labor conflict, the emergence of a new politics of progressive reform, the development of a regulatory state, and a changing legal environment, these essays resituate the Pullman conflict in its historical context. Illuminating one of the most important events in labor's past, The Pullman Strike and the Crisis of the 1890s testifies to the pivotal importance of the Pullman conflict and its aftermath for understanding the course of American history.
Download or read book Strikes and the Law in the U S 1881 1894 written by Janet M. Currie and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origins of American exceptionalism the apolitical nature of American labor unions compared to their European counterparts have puzzled labor historians. Recently, the hypothesis has been advanced that organized labor abandoned attempts to win reform through legislation because the reforms did not have the desired consequences. We evaluate this claim using information on each state's legal environment and unique strike-level data on over 12,000 labor disputes between 1881 and 1894. We find that the law affected strike costs and strike outcomes, though not always in the anticipated directions. For example, laws outlawing blacklisting were associated with the increased use of strike breakers, while the legalization of unions, one of the hardest won legislative changes, had little impact. Only maximum hours laws had clearly pro-labor effects. Our results are consistent with the view that the American labor movement abandoned political activism and embraced business unionism because unions found the law to be an inaccurate instrument for effecting change in labor markets
Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Strikes in American History written by Aaron Brenner and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 2009 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of historical research on strikes in America comprised of two types of essays, those focused on an industry or economic sector and those focused on a theme. This approach provides a detailed perspective as well broad historical and social coverage of the topic.
Download or read book The Pullman Strike of 1894 written by Michael Burgan and published by Capstone. This book was released on 2007-09 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the violent Pullman strike of 1894 which closed railroads across the midwestern United States and which made the nation's leaders see the need for addressing the concerns of the country's workers.
Download or read book Report on the Chicago Strike of June July 1894 written by United States. Strike Commission and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Great Strikes of 1877 written by David O. Stowell and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 2024-02-12 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A spectacular example of collective protest, the Great Strike of 1877--actually a sequence of related actions--was America's first national strike and the first major strike against the railroad industry. In some places, non-railroad workers also abandoned city businesses, creating one of the nation's first general strikes. Mobilizing hundreds of thousands of workers, the Great Strikes of 1877 transformed the nation's political landscape, shifting the primary political focus from Reconstruction to labor, capital, and the changing role of the state. Probing essays by distinguished historians explore the social, political, regional, and ethnic landscape of the Great Strikes of 1877: long-term effects on state militias and national guard units; ethnic and class characterization of strikers; pictorial representations of poor laborers in the press; organizational strategies employed by railroad workers; participation by blacks; violence against Chinese immigrants; and the developing tension between capitalism and racial equality in the United States. Contributors: Joshua Brown, Steven J. Hoffman, Michael Kazin, David Miller, Richard Schneirov, David O. Stowell, and Shelton Stromquist.
Download or read book The Pullman Strike written by Almont Lindsey and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1943-12-15 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pullman Strike of 1894 threatened an entire nation with social and economic upheaval. Describing both its immediate results in business and its far-reaching effects on trade unionism, the author treats the dramatic story of the strike no as an isolated conflict, but as a culminating explosion in labor-capital relations. Woven into the narrative is the rise and decline of the extraordinary Pullman experiment. To all outward appearances a philanthropic project conceived by a generous employer for his employees, the "model town" of George Pullman developed into a kind of medieval barony, operated with an iron hand. This experiment is carefully traced in all its varying aspects, with emphasis on its contribution to the origin of the strike.
Download or read book The Chicago Strike of 1894 written by Thomas G. Manning and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Labor in Crisis written by David Brody and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 1965 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conceived as a prologue to the 1930s industrial-union triumph in steel, Labor in Crisis explains the failure of unionization before the New Deal era and the reasons for mass-production unionism's eventual success. Widely regarded as a failure, the great 1919 steel strike had both immediate and far-reaching consequences that are important to the history of American labor. It helped end the twelve-hour day, dramatized the issues of the rights to organize and to engage in collective bargaining, and forwarded progress toward the passage of the Wagner Act, which, in turn, helped trigger John L. Lewis's decision to launch the CIO.
Download or read book The Pullman Strike written by Edward T. O'Donnell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2024-10-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the 1894 Pullman Strike, one of the most consequential clashes between labor and capital that paralyzed America's railroad system. The Gilded Age saw rapid economic growth, expansion of industrialization, and real wage growth. Yet between 1800 and 1900 there were 37,000 strikes, and the Pullman Strike reflected the broad dissatisfaction and unrest among American workers. The book consists of an engaging narrative, analysis of existing scholarship, sidebars, and primary source documents which collectively answer why the Pullman Strike is so critical to the American Experience: it exposed the limits of paternalistic capitalism, revealed the extraordinary power of big business, introduced the use of injunctions to stop strikes, and launched the career of the iconic labor leader Eugene Debs. Overall, it reveals what struggles workers encountered when forming unions, the changing role of government regarding the economy, and the threat that unchecked big business posed to democracy. The Pullman Strike is useful for all undergraduate students who study the Gilded Age, Industrial Relations, and labor, urban, and economic history in the United States.
Download or read book The Pullman Strike of 1894 written by Linda Jacobs Altman and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the people and events involved in the unsuccessful but influential strike by railroad workers at the Pullman Company in Chicago in 1894.
Download or read book The Strike written by Ernest Theodore Hiller and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Great Steel Strike written by William Z. Foster and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Railroad Labor Disputes written by Gerald Eggert and published by . This book was released on 2016-10-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At Martinsburg, West Virginia, on July 16, 1877, angry laborers struck the B & O Railroad because of a 10 percent wage cut. Spontaneous strikes soon choked railroad service from Baltimore to St. Louis and from Buffalo to Louisville. The violent wave of discontent developed into the country's first national labor crisis. The use of federal troops to restore order was only one of many decisions--sometimes blundering or biased, sometimes enlightened--the government would make during the next twenty years in coping with railway strikes. Not until the defeat of the Pullman Strike in 1894 did railway labor disorders subside. Railroad Labor Disputes describes the federal government's methods of dealing with railroad labor problems in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and shows how the beginnings of federal strike policy evolved. To explain the bias of government officials against the working man and for railroad management, Gerald Eggert examines the backgrounds, interests, and ambitions of the shapers of federal policy. Eggert also underscores the lack of congressional leadership and the erratic planning of the executive branch, which compelled the federal courts to play a large part in making policy. Particularly in times of crisis, accident and chance determined the policy as much as reason and forethought. Occasionally decisions supported strikers, but policy became increasingly anti-labor in its bias. "Riots" and "insurrections" were quelled by troops; "conspiring to obstruct the mails" justified federal strikebreaking; hampering interstate commerce produced federal reprisal. Court injunctions were first used to protect railroads in receivership, later any railroad at any time. Strikes were even judged violations of the Sherman Antitrust Act. After the Pullman strike of 1894, government policy grew more reasonable. Eggert emphasizes that the Erdman Act reflected this trend. Thereafter, railroad officials increasingly accepted the principle of collective bar
