Download or read book Strategies for Crop Insurance Planning written by Richard A. J. Roberts and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1991 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Guide to Crop Insurance Protection written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Optimal Crop Insurance Strategies in High risk Production Areas written by Gordon Andrew Smith and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Insurance of Crops in Developing Countries written by Richard A. J. Roberts and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2005 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is primarily concerned with risks to arable and horticultural crops, and the applicability of insurance to managing these risks. Its purpose is to provide an introductory overview of crop and forestry insurance. It begins by defining the boundaries for these types of insurance products in order to assist those interested in exploring and exploiting this financial mechanism. It then outlines how to proceed with planning for crop insurance within the established boundaries. While recognizing that classic, damage-based and yield-based insurance products account for the bulk of all crop insurance written globally, the booklet also points out the dynamism of research and development into new insurance mechanisms. It presents two fairly new insurance products: the first based on insuring a level of crop revenue, and the second where insurable damage is determined on the basis of an index derived from data external to the insured farm. While some of the example material is taken from agriculture and forestry in developed countries, the basic target group of readers is expected to be those concerned with crop and forest risk management in developing parts of the world. This publication will be of interest to farmer unions, producer/commodity groups, processors, marketing firms and others contracting with farmer producers, officials of Ministries of Agriculture, Planning and Commerce, and bankers and insurers with farming and forestry clients.
Download or read book Corn Group Risk Plan GRP written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crop Insurance Reform written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cotton Group Risk Plan GRP written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federal Crop Insurance written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crop Insurance written by Alexa B. Verderosa and published by . This book was released on 2019-04-21 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its inception in 1938, the program has evolved from an ancillary program with low participation to a central pillar of federal support for agriculture. As the program has grownin types of insurance policies, breadth of crops covered, and millions of acres enrolledso has the cost of the program to the federal government. The first two chapters provide an overview of the federal crop insurance program. Chapter 3 focuses entirely on delivery subsides and explains how delivery subsidies are calculated, the limitations of publicly available data on the actual delivery expenses of Approved Insurance Providers (AIPs), and how AIPs spend delivery subsidies. In 2010, USDA negotiated an agreement with insurance companies to set a national cap on the annual payments it makes to them for expenses and a target rate of return. Chapter 4 examines (1) the changes in expense payments to companies due to the cap, (2) the extent to which the programs target rate of return reflects market conditions, and (3) opportunities for the federal government to reduce its delivery costs for the program. Before the Agricultural Act of 2014 cotton was eligible for most Federal farm programs. The 2014 Farm Act eliminated multiple programs, including the Direct and Countercyclical Program, while introducing several new programs, including the Supplemental Coverage Option (SCO), and Stacked Income Protection Plan (STAX). Chapter 5 focuses on the two new programs for cotton and examines the mechanics of the programs and their revenue impacts. Catastrophic coverage for noninsurable crops, known as the Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program (NAP), has been available since the Federal Crop Insurance Reform Act of 1994. Chapter 6 examines the effects of the 2014 NAP policy change. Crop insurance premium subsidies are an important part of Compliance incentives under the 2014 Act. Farm program benefits under the 2014 Act could be as high or higher than under the 2008 Farm Act; but for individual farms, the shift toward a crop insurance-oriented policy could increase or decrease Compliance incentives as reported in the last chapter.
Download or read book Crop Insurance Strategies in High Risk Production Areas written by Gordon A. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soybean Group Risk Plan GRP written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economic Justification for Certain Salient Provisions of the Regulations Application and Policy for Wheat Crop Insurance written by William Hobson Rowe and published by . This book was released on 1938 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Barley Group Risk Plan GRP written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crop Insurance Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Risk Modeling Concepts Relating to the Design and Rating of Agricultural Insurance Contracts written by Barry K. Goodwin and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Goodwin and Mahul identify the key issues and concerns that arise in the design and rating of crop yield insurance plans, with a particular emphasis on production risk modeling. The authors show how the availability of data shapes the insurance scheme and the ratemaking procedures. Relying on the U.S. experience and recent developments in statistics and econometrics, they review risk modeling concepts and provide technical guidelines in the development of crop insurance plans. Finally, they show how these risk modeling techniques can be extended to price risk in order to develop crop revenue insurance schemes. This paper-- a product of the Financial Sector Operations and Policy Department-- is part of a larger effort in the department to develop effective risk management and financial products for agriculture"-- World Bank web site.
Download or read book Crop Insurance written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Demand Analysis Applications for U S Agricultural Policy and Marketing Strategy written by I-Chun Chen and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The agricultural sector consists of various activities and different types of members which include the farmers/growers, packers/shippers, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers. Each member chooses strategies to achieve their objectives, such as maximizing own profit or utility or reducing potential risk. Take U.S. farmers for example, they use federal crop insurance as one of their primary risk management tools and they received premium subsidies totaling more than 63% of the total premium. Based on that, one of the important questions arises, what is the impact of policy change (such as subsidy reduction) on farmers' crop insurance demand. My first chapter is going to answer this critical question. On the other hand, since consumers have concerns about the effect of food production on the environment and health, farmers and packers can make their products be certified to create product differentiation. For example, in the Wisconsin potato industry, an eco-friendly label was introduced in 2001, but the question of whether consumers are willing to pay a price premium for the label has to be analyzed. Besides, from the industry perspective, agricultural firms can launch various marketing campaign strategies to grow the market share, but which strategy is the most effective and how the firms should allocate their marketing expenses on different promotion strategies need to be empirically estimated. In the first chapter, I examine the county-level demand for the two primary crop insurance policies - yield insurance and revenue insurance - and allow substitution between the two policies and evaluate the effect of the reduction of government spending on premium subsidies on farmers' crop insurance demand. I point out four key determinants that can affect insurance demand: 1) out-of-pocket premium, 2) crop insurance practices of adjoining counties, 3) previous county-level loss experience, and 4) the ability to switch between revenue and yield insurance policies (cross-price or substitution effect). One of the main contributions to the literature is that substitution effects have been included, since farmers have been able to switch insurance plans from 1997 but the effects of this have not been investigated in the previous studies. As for the empirical analysis, I construct a county-level insurance dataset for crop corn in twelve Midwest and Great Plains states from 1997-2016, and employ the Seemingly Unrelated Regression model with the instrumental variables to jointly estimate the demands of two different insurance plans. Empirical results show average own-price elasticities ranging from -0.14 to -0.29 for insured acres and from -0.33 to -0.46 for liability per planted acre. Significant cross-price effects indicate the importance of accounting for substitution between yield and revenue insurance. Simulated policy scenarios based on the estimation results project the impact that premium subsidy reductions would have on crop insurance participation and total insured liability. Results suggest that a 30% reduction in premium subsidies would reduce the share of planted acres insured by 1.40% for revenue insurance and increase it by 0.13% for yield insurance, while the average liability per planted acre would decrease by $32.33 for revenue insurance and increase $0.15 for yield insurance, with state-level results varying from these means. These results help clarify the tradeoffs between crop insurance participation and government subsidies. In the second chapter, I evaluate the existence of price premium of an eco-friendly label in the Wisconsin potato industry, called Healthy Grown, to understand if consumers are willing to pay a higher price for this label, and estimates market demand for the certified Russet potatoes. A certified label can create product differentiation and might generate added value, but explicit price premiums have been difficult to obtain. I construct an MSA-level monthly panel dataset on Russet potatoes for different brands in Wisconsin, Idaho, Colorado, and Washington/Oregon, and also national brands from the Nielsen retail scanner datasets. For the estimation of price premium, I employ the hedonic model and consider the following determinants, 1) the effect of state premier brands which indicates the Healthy Grown or not, 2) the effect of organic label, 3) the effect of market characteristics, and 4) the effect of wholesale prices and the effect of distance. For the market demand of Russets, we also include the effect of retail price (i.e., the own-price effects), the effects of demographic variables, and the effects of price of substitutes. Our results reveal that no price premium exists for the Wisconsin Healthy Grown label. However, the marginal values and demand for Wisconsin Healthy Grown are still higher than those of Wisconsin potatoes without the Healthy Grown label. Furthermore, the market demand for Healthy Grown is much higher than that of all other states' premier brands, including Idaho, Colorado, and Washington/Oregon. This fact provides an incentive for Wisconsin growers to join the Healthy Grown program and demonstrates why current members remain committed to the program even without explicit price premiums. Other key determinants, including the organic label, retailers' input costs, market characteristics, and demographic variables, also influence the price premium and market demand. Finally, in the third chapter, I examine U.S. consumer demand and implicit prices for dairy milk and its alternatives, including cow's milk (skim, low-fat (1% milk fat), reduced-fat (2% milk fat), and whole milk), soy milk, and almond milk, taking into account product attributes and the effects of advertising and price discounts. The U.S. dairy industry has been grappling with the declining consumption of fluid cow's milk and rising competition from non-dairy alternatives. As consumer preferences continue to shift away from cow's milk toward alternatives such as plant-based milks, more retailers and grocers have established their own brands to lower costs and attract customers. This challenging environment encourages companies to seek marketing strategies to boost demand for traditional dairy milk. Using a system of demand model incorporating hedonic attributes, we examine the own- and cross-price elasticities to understand the substitution patterns between dairy milk and alternatives, then quantify the effectiveness of product and marketing strategies on the demand in U.S. and different regions. Empirical results, based on the Nielsen consumer panel dataset and Ad Intel dataset from 2010 to 2017, show that lactose-free and organic labels are valued most by consumers while whole milk with the highest milk fat has the largest market price. Even though soy and almond milk have the lowest market price, consumers valued non-dairy milk increasingly in all regions, especially in the North-East and Great Plains. The own-price elasticities are around -0.02 to -0.03 for whole and low-fat milk, -0.36 for soy milk, and -0.06 for almond milk. Significant cross-price effects among skim, low-fat, and soy milk indicate the importance of accounting for substitution. The cross-price effects of low-fat milk on soy milk demand were relatively high in the North-East and the Midwest in 2017. In addition, while generic advertising has no significant effect, brand advertising increases the market demand, especially for soy and almond milk, but the elasticities are smaller than those of price discounts.
