Download or read book Stochastic Models of Control and Economic Dynamics written by Vadim Iosifovich Arkin and published by London : Academic Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to a specific problem in the general theory of automatic control -- sequential control under conditions of incomplete information. The main results concern the case in which at each moment of (continuous) time only a finite number of controls are admissible and the results of control action are represented by realizations of random variables whose distributions at a given control correspond to one of several alternative hypotheses. The analysis is conducted in a Bayesian framework.

Download or read book Stochastic Economics written by Gerhard Tintner and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-10 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stochastic Economics: Stochastic Processes, Control, and Programming presents some aspects of economics from a stochastic or probabilistic point of view. The application of stochastic processes to the theory of economic development, stochastic control theory, and various aspects of stochastic programming is discussed. Comprised of four chapters, this book begins with a short survey of the stochastic view in economics, followed by a discussion on discrete and continuous stochastic models of economic development. The next chapter focuses on methods of stochastic control and their application to dynamic economic models, with emphasis on those aspects connected especially with the theory of quantitative economic policy. Some basic operational problems of applying stochastic control, particularly in economic systems and organizations for problems such as dynamic resource allocation, growth planning, and economic coordination are considered. The last chapter is devoted to stochastic programming, paying particular attention to the decision rule theory of operations research under the chance-constrained model and a method of incorporating reliability measures into a systems reliability model. This book will be of interest to economists, statisticians, applied mathematicians, operations researchers, and systems engineers.

Download or read book The Economics of Inaction written by Nancy L. Stokey and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Economics of Inaction, leading economist Nancy Stokey shows how the tools of stochastic control can be applied to dynamic problems of decision making under uncertainty when fixed costs are present. Stokey provides a self-contained, rigorous, and clear treatment of two types of models, impulse and instantaneous control. She presents the relevant results about Brownian motion and other diffusion processes, develops methods for analyzing each type of problem, and discusses applications to price setting, investment, and durable goods purchases."--Pub. desc.

Download or read book Economic Dynamics second edition written by John Stachurski and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-08-16 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of a rigorous and example-driven introduction to topics in economic dynamics that emphasizes techniques for modeling dynamic systems. This text provides an introduction to the modern theory of economic dynamics, with emphasis on mathematical and computational techniques for modeling dynamic systems. Written to be both rigorous and engaging, the book shows how sound understanding of the underlying theory leads to effective algorithms for solving real-world problems. The material makes extensive use of programming examples to illustrate ideas, bringing to life the abstract concepts in the text. Key topics include algorithms and scientific computing, simulation, Markov models, and dynamic programming. Part I introduces fundamentals and part II covers more advanced material. This second edition has been thoroughly updated, drawing on recent research in the field. New for the second edition: “Programming-language agnostic” presentation using pseudocode. New chapter 1 covering conceptual issues concerning Markov chains such as ergodicity and stability. New focus in chapter 2 on algorithms and techniques for program design and high-performance computing. New focus on household problems rather than optimal growth in material on dynamic programming. Solutions to many exercises, code, and other resources available on a supplementary website.

Download or read book Stochastic Economic Dynamics written by Bjarne S. Jensen and published by Copenhagen Business School Press DK. This book was released on 2007 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes stochastic dynamic systems across a broad spectrum in economics and finance. The major unifying theme is the coherent and rigorous treatment of uncertainty and its implications for describing stochastic processes by the stochastic differential equations of the fundamental models in various fields. Pertinent subjects are interrelated, juxtaposed, and examined for consistency in theoretical and empirical contexts. The volume consists of three parts: Developments in Stochastic Dynamics; Stochastic Dynamics in Basic Economic Growth Models; and Intertemporal Optimization in Consumption, Finance, and Growth. Key topics include: fractional Brownian motion in finance; moment evolution of Gaussian and geometric Wiener diffusions; stochastic kinematics and stochastic mechanics; stochastic growth in continuous time; time delays and Hopf bifurcation; consumption and investment strategies; differential systems in finance and life insurance; uncertainty of technological innovations; investment and employment cycles; stochastic control theory; and risk aversion. The works collected in this book serves to bridge the "old" deterministic dynamics and the "new" stochastic dynamics. The collection is important for scholars and advanced graduate students of economics, statistics, and applied mathematics.

Download or read book Applied Stochastic Models and Control for Finance and Insurance written by Charles S. Tapiero and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Stochastic Models and Control for Finance and Insurance presents at an introductory level some essential stochastic models applied in economics, finance and insurance. Markov chains, random walks, stochastic differential equations and other stochastic processes are used throughout the book and systematically applied to economic and financial applications. In addition, a dynamic programming framework is used to deal with some basic optimization problems. The book begins by introducing problems of economics, finance and insurance which involve time, uncertainty and risk. A number of cases are treated in detail, spanning risk management, volatility, memory, the time structure of preferences, interest rates and yields, etc. The second and third chapters provide an introduction to stochastic models and their application. Stochastic differential equations and stochastic calculus are presented in an intuitive manner, and numerous applications and exercises are used to facilitate their understanding and their use in Chapter 3. A number of other processes which are increasingly used in finance and insurance are introduced in Chapter 4. In the fifth chapter, ARCH and GARCH models are presented and their application to modeling volatility is emphasized. An outline of decision-making procedures is presented in Chapter 6. Furthermore, we also introduce the essentials of stochastic dynamic programming and control, and provide first steps for the student who seeks to apply these techniques. Finally, in Chapter 7, numerical techniques and approximations to stochastic processes are examined. This book can be used in business, economics, financial engineering and decision sciences schools for second year Master's students, as well as in a number of courses widely given in departments of statistics, systems and decision sciences.

Download or read book Optimization in Economics and Finance written by Bruce D. Craven and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extends the optimization techniques, in a form that may be adopted for modeling social choice problems. The models in this book provide possible models for a society's social choice for an allocation that maximizes welfare and utilization of resources. A computer program SCOM is presented here for computing social choice models by optimal control.

Download or read book Stochastic Control Theory written by Makiko Nisio and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-27 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a systematic introduction to the optimal stochastic control theory via the dynamic programming principle, which is a powerful tool to analyze control problems. First we consider completely observable control problems with finite horizons. Using a time discretization we construct a nonlinear semigroup related to the dynamic programming principle (DPP), whose generator provides the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation, and we characterize the value function via the nonlinear semigroup, besides the viscosity solution theory. When we control not only the dynamics of a system but also the terminal time of its evolution, control-stopping problems arise. This problem is treated in the same frameworks, via the nonlinear semigroup. Its results are applicable to the American option price problem. Zero-sum two-player time-homogeneous stochastic differential games and viscosity solutions of the Isaacs equations arising from such games are studied via a nonlinear semigroup related to DPP (the min-max principle, to be precise). Using semi-discretization arguments, we construct the nonlinear semigroups whose generators provide lower and upper Isaacs equations. Concerning partially observable control problems, we refer to stochastic parabolic equations driven by colored Wiener noises, in particular, the Zakai equation. The existence and uniqueness of solutions and regularities as well as Itô's formula are stated. A control problem for the Zakai equations has a nonlinear semigroup whose generator provides the HJB equation on a Banach space. The value function turns out to be a unique viscosity solution for the HJB equation under mild conditions. This edition provides a more generalized treatment of the topic than does the earlier book Lectures on Stochastic Control Theory (ISI Lecture Notes 9), where time-homogeneous cases are dealt with. Here, for finite time-horizon control problems, DPP was formulated as a one-parameter nonlinear semigroup, whose generator provides the HJB equation, by using a time-discretization method. The semigroup corresponds to the value function and is characterized as the envelope of Markovian transition semigroups of responses for constant control processes. Besides finite time-horizon controls, the book discusses control-stopping problems in the same frameworks.

Download or read book Stochastic Control for Economic Models written by David A. Kendrick and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1981 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stochastic Optimal Control in Infinite Dimension written by Giorgio Fabbri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-22 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing an introduction to stochastic optimal control in infinite dimension, this book gives a complete account of the theory of second-order HJB equations in infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces, focusing on its applicability to associated stochastic optimal control problems. It features a general introduction to optimal stochastic control, including basic results (e.g. the dynamic programming principle) with proofs, and provides examples of applications. A complete and up-to-date exposition of the existing theory of viscosity solutions and regular solutions of second-order HJB equations in Hilbert spaces is given, together with an extensive survey of other methods, with a full bibliography. In particular, Chapter 6, written by M. Fuhrman and G. Tessitore, surveys the theory of regular solutions of HJB equations arising in infinite-dimensional stochastic control, via BSDEs. The book is of interest to both pure and applied researchers working in the control theory of stochastic PDEs, and in PDEs in infinite dimension. Readers from other fields who want to learn the basic theory will also find it useful. The prerequisites are: standard functional analysis, the theory of semigroups of operators and its use in the study of PDEs, some knowledge of the dynamic programming approach to stochastic optimal control problems in finite dimension, and the basics of stochastic analysis and stochastic equations in infinite-dimensional spaces.

Download or read book Dynamic Optimization written by Karl Hinderer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-12 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores discrete-time dynamic optimization and provides a detailed introduction to both deterministic and stochastic models. Covering problems with finite and infinite horizon, as well as Markov renewal programs, Bayesian control models and partially observable processes, the book focuses on the precise modelling of applications in a variety of areas, including operations research, computer science, mathematics, statistics, engineering, economics and finance. Dynamic Optimization is a carefully presented textbook which starts with discrete-time deterministic dynamic optimization problems, providing readers with the tools for sequential decision-making, before proceeding to the more complicated stochastic models. The authors present complete and simple proofs and illustrate the main results with numerous examples and exercises (without solutions). With relevant material covered in four appendices, this book is completely self-contained.

Download or read book Stochastic Optimization and Economic Models written by Jati Sengupta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the main applied aspects of stochas tic optimization in economic models. Stochastic processes and control theory are used under optimization to illustrate the various economic implications of optimal decision rules. Unlike econometrics which deals with estimation, this book emphasizes the decision-theoretic basis of uncertainty specified by the stochastic point of view. Methods of ap plied stochastic control using stochastic processes have now reached an exciti~g phase, where several disciplines like systems engineering, operations research and natural reso- ces interact along with the conventional fields such as mathematical economics, finance and control systems. Our objective is to present a critical overview of this broad terrain from a multidisciplinary viewpoint. In this attempt we have at times stressed viewpoints other than the purely economic one. We believe that the economist would find it most profitable to learn from the other disciplines where stochastic optimization has been successfully applied. It is in this spirit that we have discussed in some detail the following major areas: A. Portfolio models in ·:finance, B. Differential games under uncertainty, c. Self-tuning regulators, D. Models of renewable resources under uncertainty, and ix x PREFACE E. Nonparametric methods of efficiency measurement. Stochastic processes are now increasingly used in economic models to understand the various adaptive behavior implicit in the formulation of expectation and its application in decision rules which are optimum in some sense.

Download or read book Stochastic Modeling in Economics and Finance written by Jitka Dupacova and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-08-31 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike other books that focus only on selected specific subjects this book provides both a broad and rich cross-section of contemporary approaches to stochastic modeling in finance and economics; it is decision making oriented. The material ranges from common tools to solutions of sophisticated system problems and applications. In Part I, the fundamentals of financial thinking and elementary mathematical methods of finance are presented. The method of presentation is simple enough to bridge the elements of financial arithmetic and complex models of financial math developed in the later parts. It covers characteristics of cash flows, yield curves, and valuation of securities. Part II is devoted to the allocation of funds and risk management: classics (Markowitz theory of portfolio), capital asset pricing model, arbitrage pricing theory, asset & liability management, value at risk. The method explanation takes into account the computational aspects. Part III explains modeling aspects of multistage stochastic programming on a relatively accessible level. It includes a survey of existing software, links to parametric, multiobjective and dynamic programming, and to probability and statistics. It focuses on scenario-based problems with the problems of scenario generation and output analysis discussed in detail and illustrated within a case study. Selected examples of successful applications in finance, production planning and management of technological processes and electricity generation are presented. Throughout, the emphasis is on the appropriate use of the techniques, rather than on the underlying mathematical proofs and theories. In Part IV, the sections devoted to stochastic calculus cover also more advanced topics such as DDS Theorem or extremal martingale measures, which make it possible to treat more delicate models in Mathematical Finance (complete markets, optimal control, etc.) Audience: Students and researchers in probability and statistics, econometrics, operations research and various fields of finance, economics, engineering, and insurance.

Download or read book Growth Theory Nonlinear Dynamics and Economic Modelling written by William A. Brock and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Buz Brock's contribution to economic theory in general and economic dynamics in particular are characterized by an unmatched richness of ideas and by deep theoretical, empirical as well as computational analysis. Brock's contribution to economic dynamics range from one extreme of the field, global stability of stochastic optimal growth models, to another extreme, market instability and nonlinearity in economic and financial modelling and data analysis. But his work also includes environmental and economic policy issues and, more recently, the modelling of markets as complex adaptive systems. This collection of essays reflects Brock's richness of ideas that have motivated economists for more than three decades already and will continue to influence many economists for the next decades to come.' - Cars H. Hommes, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands 'Buz Brock has been, from the beginning of his career, one of the most original thinkers in dynamic economics. His early work showed that growth with random elements could be studied effectively and above all posed exactly the right questions. His more recent work has brought complexity theory to the fore and shown its implications for financial and other markets. In the process, he has both introduced and used econometric tools to show the relevance of his work to empirically observed phenomena. It is very useful to have his work in collected form.' - Kenneth J. Arrow, Stanford University, US This outstanding collection of William Brock's essays illustrates the power of dynamic modelling to shed light on the forces for stability and instability in economic systems. The articles selected reflect his best work and are indicative both of the type of policy problem that he finds challenging and the complex methodology that he uses to solve them. Also included is an introduction by Brock to his own work, which helps tie together the main aspects of his research to date.

Download or read book Optimization in Economics and Finance written by Bruce Desmond Craven and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many optimization questions arise in economics and finance; an important example of this is the society's choice of the optimum state of the economy (the social choice problem). This book the usual optimization techniques, in a form that may be adopted for modeling social choice problems. Problems discussed include: when is an optimum reached; when is it unique; relaxation of the conventional convex (or concave) assumptions on an economic model; associated mathematical concepts such as invex and quasimax; multiobjective optimal control models; and related computational methods and programs. These techniques are applied to economic growth models (including small stochastic perturbations), finance and financial investment models (and the interaction between financial and production variables), modeling sustainability over long time horizons, boundary (transversality) conditions, and models with several conflicting objectives. Although the applications are general and illustrative, the models in this book provide examples of possible models for a society's social choice for an allocation that maximizes welfare and utilization of resources. As well as using existing computer programs for optimization of models, a new computer program, named SCOM, is presented in this book for computing social choice models by optimal control.

Download or read book Deterministic and Stochastic Optimal Control written by Wendell H. Fleming and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book may be regarded as consisting of two parts. In Chapters I-IV we pre sent what we regard as essential topics in an introduction to deterministic optimal control theory. This material has been used by the authors for one semester graduate-level courses at Brown University and the University of Kentucky. The simplest problem in calculus of variations is taken as the point of departure, in Chapter I. Chapters II, III, and IV deal with necessary conditions for an opti mum, existence and regularity theorems for optimal controls, and the method of dynamic programming. The beginning reader may find it useful first to learn the main results, corollaries, and examples. These tend to be found in the earlier parts of each chapter. We have deliberately postponed some difficult technical proofs to later parts of these chapters. In the second part of the book we give an introduction to stochastic optimal control for Markov diffusion processes. Our treatment follows the dynamic pro gramming method, and depends on the intimate relationship between second order partial differential equations of parabolic type and stochastic differential equations. This relationship is reviewed in Chapter V, which may be read inde pendently of Chapters I-IV. Chapter VI is based to a considerable extent on the authors' work in stochastic control since 1961. It also includes two other topics important for applications, namely, the solution to the stochastic linear regulator and the separation principle.

Download or read book An Introduction to Stochastic Modeling written by Howard M. Taylor and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-05-10 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Stochastic Modeling provides information pertinent to the standard concepts and methods of stochastic modeling. This book presents the rich diversity of applications of stochastic processes in the sciences. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of diverse types of stochastic models, which predicts a set of possible outcomes weighed by their likelihoods or probabilities. This text then provides exercises in the applications of simple stochastic analysis to appropriate problems. Other chapters consider the study of general functions of independent, identically distributed, nonnegative random variables representing the successive intervals between renewals. This book discusses as well the numerous examples of Markov branching processes that arise naturally in various scientific disciplines. The final chapter deals with queueing models, which aid the design process by predicting system performance. This book is a valuable resource for students of engineering and management science. Engineers will also find this book useful.