Download or read book Status of the United Nations Peace Plan and Proposed Referendum for the Western Sahara written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Africa and published by National Institutes of Health. This book was released on 1993 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Status of the United Nations Peace Plan and Proposed Referendum for the Western Sahara written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Africa and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Examination of the U N Peace Plan and Referendum on the Western Sahara written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Status of the United Nations Peace Plan and Proposed Referendum for the Western Sahara written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Africa and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Status of the U N Peace Plan Proposed Referendum For the Western Sahara Hearing Committee on Foreign Affairs U S H R 102nd Congress 2nd Session written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Status of the United Nations Peace Plan and Proposed Referendum for the Western Sahara written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The United Nations and Western Sahara written by Anna Theofilopoulou and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara written by Andreu Solà-Martín and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first comprehensive study on the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO). Its aim is to not only fill a gap in the literature on peacekeeping, but to explore the implications and links between the mechanisms put in place by this peacekeeping mission in relation to conflict resolution. MINURSO has halted violent interactions between warring parties, but it has failed to implement the other aspects of its mandate.
Download or read book Status of the United Nations Peace Plan and Proposed Referendum for the Western Sahara written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Africa and published by National Institutes of Health. This book was released on 1993 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Examination of the U N Peace Plan and Referendum on the Western Sahara Jt Hrg Com on Foreign Affairs U S H R 102nd Congress First Session written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Examination of the U N Peace Plan and Referendum on the Western Sahara written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perspectives on Western Sahara written by Anouar Boukhars and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ongoing conflict in Western Sahara is one of the more intractable legacies of European colonization in North Africa. Following the withdrawal of Spain, this territorial dispute escalated in 1975 into a war of independence between the Sahrawi people of the Polisario Front, who were backed by Algeria, and the states of Mauritania and Morocco. In 1976, the Polisario Front established the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, which was not admitted in the UN but won recognition by a few states. After multiple peace efforts, the conflict reemerged in 2005 as the “independence Intifada.” Today, the Polisario Front controls about 20% of Western Sahara. At the heart of the conflict lie geopolitical interests and incompatible claims aggravated by the use of military force and decades of mostly unproductive diplomatic maneuvers by international bodies and regional or foreign powers. This thorough, impartial survey brings together some of the best experts on the Sahara question to provide a broad-based analysis of the problem, from a range of perspectives. Featuring new research, the chapters examine the roots of the conflict, its dynamics, and potential solutions. This groundbreaking text also addresses questions of law, human rights, natural resources from an analytical point of view. Contributed by scholars from North Africa, Europe, and the U.S., it is an essential contribution to the literature of Middle East and African studies.
Download or read book The Western Sahara Conflict written by Pedro Pinto Leite and published by Nordic Africa Inst. This book was released on 2006 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a comprehensive background to the long running conflict on the status of Western Sahara and particularly highlights the question of the territory’s natural resources, such as fish, oil and phosphates. The book analyzes why this territory, (mainly covered by desert and only sparsely populated), has since 1976 when the former colonial power Spain left the territory, engaged governments and people, both regionally and internationally, and the implications of its natural resources. The book includes: - a summary of the Western Saharan conflict, by Pedro Pinte Leite, specialist in international law in the Netherlands; - an up-to-date picture of the situation in Western Sahara with regard to natural resources, and the way in which exploitation is taking place, by Toby Shelley, a British journalist; - the UN’s legal opinion from 2002 on exploitation of the natural resources of a Non-Self-Governing Territory written by Hans Corell, former UN Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs, the Legal Counsel. Two political views of the conflict are also included. Magnus Schöldtz and Pål Wrange from the Swedish Foreign Ministry elucidate the Swedish Foreign Policy on the Western Sahara Conflict. A statement by Karin Scheele, MEP and President of the Intergroup on Western Sahara in the European Parliament focuses on the economic interests of the parties involved in the conflict. These contributions together with an extended chronology, by Claes Olsson, over the different phases of the conflict form a useful information source for policy-makers, researchers, students and activists interested in or dealing with issues related to the Maghreb framework and in particular the Western Saharan conflict. Contributors include: Hans Corell, is Ambassador and a Former UN Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs, the Legal Counsel Pedro Pinto Leite is a Portuguese international jurist based in Holland, secretary of the International Platform of Jurists for East Timor and coordinator of the Dutch section of the International Association of Jurists for Western Sahara. Claes Olsson has done further research after his degree in social sciences and is the author of several books and articles on the Western Saharan issue. Magnus Schöldtz, Deputy Director, Head of North Africa Section, Middle East and North Africa Department, Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Stockholm. Pål Wrange is a principal legal advisor on public international law at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in Stockholm. Toby Shelley is a journalist and writer. He is author of 'Endgame in the Western Sahara', published by Zed Books. He has visited the Western Sahara and the Sahrawi refugee camps on a number of occasions. Karin Scheele, Member of the European Parliament (MEP), is President of the Intergroup on Western Sahara in the European Parliament
Download or read book Western Sahara written by Erik Jensen and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jensen explores the long-standing conflict over the sovereignty of Western Sahara-from its colonial roots to its present manifestation as a political stalemate.
Download or read book The Role and Functions of the Civilian Police in the United Nations Peace keeping Operations written by Institute of Policy Studies (Singapore) and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 1996 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second book based on a series of conferences, held under the auspices of the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) and the Institute of Policy Studies (IPS) of Singapore, on various aspects of UN peace-keeping operations. This new book covers the 1995 conference, which dealt with the role and functions of civilian police, and brought together nine of the eleven police commissioners involved in past and present UN peace-keeping operations, as well as heads of national police, policy makers, UN staff, lawyers and academics. The book is divided into two segments: the Executive Summary, followed by the papers presented. The Executive Summary, a concise and frank synthesis of debates, is divided into five parts as follows: Part 1 provides an overall introduction to the current problems and the general background within which civilian police components of UN peace-keeping operations are required to function; Part II presents an outline of the common problems and challenges faced by many police commissioners in the conduct of their mandates; Part III highlights some of the key attributes and functions of civilian police, notably in the areas of institution building, human rights monitoring and community policing; Part IV reviews existing training at national, regional and international levels; and Part V offers general recommendations.
Download or read book Conflict and Peace in Western Sahara written by János Besenyő and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-26 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers the first comprehensive analysis of MINURSO (the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara), focused on its activities, composition, purpose, and operational future in Western Sahara, the world’s last colony. The book’s focus is broad, examining MINURSO from key historical, legal, military and political angles whilst assessing the future of UN peacekeeping missions in the Western Sahara. Supported by a diverse, international mix of perspectives and professions—including academics, lawyers, soldiers, and humanitarian aid workers—an in-depth view of MINURSO is provided, rooted in practical Western Saharan field experience. The authors reveal the complexities of the region and of the mission locally, but also analyze MINURSO through a global lens, focusing on relations with the United States, China, Russia, France, and African states. This approach emphasizes the importance of the region as a site of international struggle while remaining conscious of local contexts. A landmark contribution to peacekeeping studies, the book is vital reading for practitioners and academics focused on the Western Saharan conflict and the MENA region, but will also be of interest to those engaged in international relations, international law, and security studies.
Download or read book Introduction to Western Sahara written by Gilad James, PhD and published by Gilad James Mystery School. This book was released on with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Western Sahara is a disputed territory located in North Africa, bordered by Morocco to the north, Algeria to the northeast, and Mauritania to the east and south. The territory was colonized by Spain in the late 19th century and was known as Spanish Sahara until the 1970s. After Spain withdrew in 1975, Morocco and Mauritania claimed the territory as their own, sparking a war that lasted until 1991. Today, Morocco administers most of the territory, while the Polisario Front, a separatist group backed by Algeria, controls the remaining areas. The United Nations has been involved in the conflict since the 1990s, attempting to negotiate a peaceful settlement between the two parties. The population of Western Sahara is estimated to be around 600,000, with most living in areas controlled by Morocco. The majority of the population are Sahrawis, an indigenous group that has been fighting for independence from Moroccan rule. The dispute over the territory's sovereignty has been ongoing for decades, with the Polisario Front calling for a referendum to determine the territory's fate. However, Morocco has rejected the proposal, stating that the territory is an integral part of their kingdom. The conflict has resulted in displacement of thousands, as well as human rights abuses and restrictions on freedom of expression.
