Download or read book Status of Small Reactor Designs Without On site Refuelling Sodium cooled small reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this report is to provide Member States, including those considering the initiation of nuclear power programs and those already having practical experience in nuclear power, with balanced and objective information on important development trends and objectives of small reactors without on-site refueling, on the achieved state of the art in design and technology development for such reactors, and on their design status and possible applications. The report is intended for many categories of stakeholders, including electricity producers, non-electricity producers, policy makers, designers and regulators. The main chapters of this report survey emerging energy market characteristics, introduce a rationale for such reactors and review their design and technology development status with a consideration of associated fuel cycle and institutional issues. The annexes provide detailed design descriptions of small reactors without on-site refueling, focusing on their potential to provide solutions in the areas of concern associated with future nuclear energy systems.--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Status of Innovative Small and Medium Sized Reactor Designs 2005 written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA. This book was released on 2006 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this report is to provide Member States, including those just considering the initiation of nuclear power programmes and those already having practical experience in nuclear power, with balanced and objective information on important development trends and objectives of innovative small and medium sized reactors (SMRs) for a variety of uses, on the achieved state-of-the-art in design and technology development for such reactors and on their design and regulatory status. The publication is intended for many categories of stakeholders, including regulators, electricity producers, designers, non-electricity producers and policy makers. The main sections of this publication, addressed to all the above mentioned groups of stakeholders, provide a summary of major specifications, applications and user-related special features of innovative SMRs. The annexes, intended mainly for designers and technical managers, provide detailed design descriptions of innovative SMRs, focusing on their potential to provide solutions in the areas of concern associated with future nuclear energy systems
Download or read book Status of Small Reactor Designs Without On Site Refuelling written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this report is to provide Member States with balanced and objective information on important development trends and objectives of small reactors without on-site refuelling, on the achieved state of the art in design and technology development for such reactors, and on their design status and possible applications. The report is intended for many categories of stakeholders, including electricity producers, non-electricity producers, policy makers, designers and regulators. The main chapters survey emerging energy market characteristics, introduce a rationale for such reactors a.
Download or read book Innovative Small and Medium Sized Reactors written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA. This book was released on 2005 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents a variety of innovative water cooled, gas cooled, liquid metal cooled and non-conventional small and medium sized reactor (SMR) designs developed worldwide, and examines technology and infrastructure development needs that may be common to several concepts or lines of such reactors. It also gives an updated definition of small reactors without on-site refuelling and a preliminary review of the passive safety design options for SMRs.
Download or read book Handbook of Small Modular Nuclear Reactors written by Daniel T. Ingersoll and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-10-22 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Small Modular Nuclear Reactors, Second Edition is a fully updated comprehensive reference on Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), which reflects the latest research and technological advances in the field from the last five years. Editors Daniel T. Ingersoll and Mario D. Carelli, along with their team of expert contributors, combine their wealth of collective experience to update this comprehensive handbook that provides the reader with all required knowledge on SMRs, expanding on the rapidly growing interest and development of SMRs around the globe. This book begins with an introduction to SMRs for power generation, an overview of international developments, and an analysis of Integral Pressurized Water Reactors as a popular class of SMRs. The second part of the book is dedicated to SMR technologies, including physics, components, I&C, human-system interfaces and safety aspects. Part three discusses the implementation of SMRs, covering economic factors, construction methods, hybrid energy systems and licensing considerations. The fourth part of the book provides an in-depth analysis of SMR R&D and deployment of SMRs within eight countries, including the United States, Republic of Korea, Russia, China, Argentina, and Japan. This edition includes brand new content on the United Kingdom and Canada, where interests in SMRs have increased considerably since the first edition was published. The final part of the book adds a new analysis of the global SMR market and concludes with a perspective on SMR benefits to developing economies. This authoritative and practical handbook benefits engineers, designers, operators, and regulators working in nuclear energy, as well as academics and graduate students researching nuclear reactor technologies. Presents the latest research on SMR technologies and global developments Includes new case study chapters on the United Kingdom and Canada and a chapter on global SMR markets Discusses new technologies such as floating SMRs and molten salt SMRs
Download or read book Status of Fast Reactor Research and Technology Development written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Based on a recommendation from the Technical Working Group on Fast Reactors, this publication is a regular update of previous publications on fast reactor technology. The publication provides comprehensive and detailed information on the technology of fast neutron reactors. The focus is on practical issues that are useful to engineers, scientists, managers, university students and professors. The main issues of discussion are experience in design, construction, operation and decommissioning, various areas of research and development, engineering, safety and national strategies, and public acceptance of fast reactors. In the summary the reader will find national strategies, international initiatives on innovative (i.e. Generation IV) systems and an assessment of public acceptance as related to fast reactors."--Résumé de l'éditeur.
Download or read book Molten Salt Reactors and Thorium Energy written by Thomas James Dolan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-01-25 with total page 1068 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molten Salt Reactors and Thorium Energy, Second Edition is a fully updated comprehensive reference on the latest advances in MSR research and technology. Building on the successful first edition, Tom Dolan and the team of experts have fully updated the content to reflect the impressive advances from the last 5 years, ensuring this book continues to be the go-to reference on the topic. This new edition covers progress made in MSR design, details innovative experiments, and includes molten salt data, corrosion studies and deployment plans. The successful case studies section of the first edition have been removed, expanded, and fully updated, and are now published in a companion title called Global Case Studies on Molten Salt Reactors. Readers will gain a deep understanding of the advantages and challenges of MSR development and thorium fuel use, as well as step-by-step guidance on the latest in MSR reactor design. Each chapter provides a clear introduction, covers technical issues and includes examples and conclusions, while promoting the sustainability benefits throughout. A fully updated comprehensive handbook on Molten Salt Reactors and Thorium Energy, written by a team of global experts Covers MSR applications, technical issues, reactor types and reactor designs Includes 3 brand new chapters which reflect the latest advances in research and technology since the first edition published Presents case studies on molten salt reactors which aid in the transition to net zero by providing abundant clean, safe energy to complement wind and solar powe
Download or read book Nuclear Energy written by Nicholas Tsoulfanidis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-12 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Energy provides an authoritative reference on all aspects of the nuclear industry from fundamental reactor physics calculations to reactor design, nuclear fuel resources, nuclear fuel cycle, radiation detection and protection, and nuclear power economics. Featuring 19 peer-reviewed entries by recognized authorities in the field, this book provides comprehensive, streamlined coverage of fundamentals, current areas of research, and goals for the future. The chapters will appeal to undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and energy industry experts.
Download or read book Status Report on the Small Secure Transportable Autonomous Reactor SSTAR written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides an update on development of a pre-conceptual design for the Small Secure Transportable Autonomous Reactor (SSTAR) Lead-Cooled Fast Reactor (LFR) plant concept and supporting research and development activities. SSTAR is a small, 20 MWe (45 MWt), natural circulation, fast reactor plant for international deployment concept incorporating proliferation resistance for deployment in non-fuel cycle states and developing nations, fissile self-sufficiency for efficient utilization of uranium resources, autonomous load following making it suitable for small or immature grid applications, and a high degree of passive safety further supporting deployment in developing nations. In FY 2006, improvements have been made at ANL to the pre-conceptual design of both the reactor system and the energy converter which incorporates a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle providing higher plant efficiency (44 %) and improved economic competitiveness. The supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle technology is also applicable to Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactors providing the same benefits. One key accomplishment has been the development of a control strategy for automatic control of the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle in principle enabling autonomous load following over the full power range between nominal and essentially zero power. Under autonomous load following operation, the reactor core power adjusts itself to equal the heat removal from the reactor system to the power converter through the large reactivity feedback of the fast spectrum core without the need for motion of control rods, while the automatic control of the power converter matches the heat removal from the reactor to the grid load. The report includes early calculations for an international benchmarking problem for a LBE-cooled, nitride-fueled fast reactor core organized by the IAEA as part of a Coordinated Research Project on Small Reactors without Onsite Refueling; the calculations use the same neutronics computer codes and methodologies applied to SSTAR. Another section of the report details the SSTAR safety design approach which is based upon defense-in-depth providing multiple levels of protection against the release of radioactive materials and how the inherent safety features of the lead coolant, nitride fuel, fast neutron spectrum core, pool vessel configuration, natural circulation, and containment meet or exceed the requirements for each level of protection. The report also includes recent results of a systematic analysis by LANL of data on corrosion of candidate cladding and structural material alloys of interest to SSTAR by LBE and Pb coolants; the data were taken from a new database on corrosion by liquid metal coolants created at LANL. The analysis methodology that considers penetration of an oxidation front into the alloy and dissolution of the trailing edge of the oxide into the coolant enables the long-term corrosion rate to be extracted from shorter-term corrosion data thereby enabling an evaluation of alloy performance over long core lifetimes (e.g., 30 years) that has heretofore not been possible. A number of candidate alloy specimens with special treatments or coatings which might enhance corrosion resistance at the temperatures at which SSTAR would operate were analyzed following testing in the DELTA loop at LANL including steels that were treated by laser peening at LLNL; laser peening is an approach that alters the oxide-metal bonds which could potentially improve corrosion resistance. LLNL is also carrying out Multi-Scale Modeling of the Fe-Cr system with the goal of assisting in the development of cladding and structural materials having greater resistance to irradiation.
Download or read book Generation IV Reactor written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2022-10-13 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What Is Generation IV Reactor The Generation IV International Forum is doing research on the commercial viability of a number of different nuclear reactor designs that fall under the umbrella term "generation IV reactors."They are driven by many different purposes, some of which include increased safety, enhanced sustainability, increased efficiency, and reduced costs. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Generation IV reactor Chapter 2: Nuclear reactor Chapter 3: Breeder reactor Chapter 4: Fast-neutron reactor Chapter 5: Integral fast reactor Chapter 6: Molten salt reactor Chapter 7: Nuclear fuel Chapter 8: Supercritical water reactor Chapter 9: High-temperature gas reactor Chapter 10: Lead-cooled fast reactor Chapter 11: Sodium-cooled fast reactor Chapter 12: Thorium fuel cycle Chapter 13: Liquid metal cooled reactor Chapter 14: Online refuelling Chapter 15: Liquid fluoride thorium reactor Chapter 16: Traveling wave reactor Chapter 17: List of small modular reactor designs Chapter 18: TerraPower Chapter 19: BN-1200 reactor Chapter 20: Integral Molten Salt Reactor Chapter 21: BREST (reactor) (II) Answering the public top questions about generation iv reactor. (III) Real world examples for the usage of generation iv reactor in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of generation iv reactor' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of generation iv reactor.
Download or read book Small Modular Reactors written by NEA. and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent interest in small modular reactors (SMRs) is being driven by a desire to reduce the total capital costs associated with nuclear power plants and to provide power to small grid systems. According to estimates available today, if all the competitive advantages of SMRs were realised, including serial production, optimised supply chains and smaller financing costs, SMRs could be expected to have lower absolute and specific (per-kWe) construction costs than large reactors. Although the economic parameters of SMRs are not yet fully determined, a potential market exists for this technology, particularly in energy mixes with large shares of renewables. This report assesses the size of the market for SMRs that are currently being developed and that have the potential to broaden the ways of deploying nuclear power in different parts of the world. The study focuses on light water SMRs that are expected to be constructed in the coming decades and that strongly rely on serial, factory-based production of reactor modules. In a high-case scenario, up to 21 GWe of SMRs could be added globally by 2035, representing approximately 3% of total installed nuclear capacity.
Download or read book The First Nuclear Era written by Alvin M. Weinberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1994 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The autobiography of a highly influential nuclear engineer and scientist whose work began in the 1940s and continues today. He recounts his education, his role in the Manhattan Project, his stint as director of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (1955- 73), and his subsequent work with both successful and unsuccessful commercial power reactors. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Liquid Metal Cooled Reactors written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a survey of worldwide experience gained with fast breeder reactor design, development and operation. Coverage includes state of the art of liquid metal fast reactor development; lead-bismuth cooled (LBC) ship reactor operation experience and LBC fast power reactor development; and treatment and disposal of spent sodium.
Download or read book Nuclear Power Reactor Designs written by Jun Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-12-15 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Power Reactor Designs: From History to Advances analyzes nuclear designs throughout history and explains how each of those has helped to shape and inform the nuclear reactor designs of today and the future. Focused on the structure, systems and relevant components of each reactor design, this book provides the readers with answers to key questions to help them understand the benefits of each design. Each reactor design is introduced, their origin defined, and the relevant research presented before an analysis of its successes, what was learned, and how research and technology advanced as a result are presented. Students, researchers and early career engineers will gain a solid understanding of how nuclear designs have evolved, and how they will continue to develop in the future. Presents reactor designs through history to present day, focusing on key structures, systems and components Provides readers with quick answers about various design principles and rationales Includes new approaches such as the micro-reactor and small-modular reactors
Download or read book Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities written by OECD Nuclear Energy Agency and published by Nuclear Energy Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Centre. This book was released on 1991 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Concept of Small Power Reactor Without On site Refueling for Non proliferation written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy demand in developing countries is increasing to support growing populations and economies. This demand is expected to continue growing at a rapid pace well into the next century. Because current power sources, including fossil, renewable, and nuclear, cannot meet energy demands, many developing countries are interested in building a new generation of small reactor systems to help meet their needs. The U.S. recognizes the need for energy in the developing countries. In its 1998 Comprehensive Energy Strategy, the Department of Energy calls for research into low-cost, proliferation- resistant, nuclear reactor technologies to ensure that this demand can be met in a manner consistent with U.S. non-proliferation goals and policies. This research has two primary thrusts: first, the development of a small proliferation-resistant nuclear system (i.e., a technology focus); second, the continuation of open communication with the international community through early engagement and cooperation on small reactor development. A system that meets developing country requirements must: (1) achieve reliably safe operation with a minimum of maintenance and supporting infrastructure; (2) offer economic competitiveness with alternative energy sources available to the candidate sites; and (3) demonstrate significant improvements in proliferation resistance relative to existing reactor systems. These challenges are the most significant driving forces behind the LLNL proposed program for development of a new, small nuclear reactor system. This report describes a technical approach for developing small nuclear power systems for use in developing countries. The approach being proposed will establish a preliminary set of requirements that, if met, will cause new innovative approaches to system design to be used. The proposed approach will borrow from experience gained over the past forty years with four types of nuclear reactor technologies (LWR, LMR, HTGR, and MSR) to develop four or more pre-conceptual designs. The pre-conceptual designs will be used to confirm the adequacy of the requirements through iteration and trade studies. A down selection to a preferred and backup concept would be made following a 12-18 month design effort. The selected designs, system design specifications, and the necessary R & D programs would be developed in greater detail over the next three and one-half years. A reactor in the 50 to 150 MWe class, nominally 100 MWe, shows the best potential for meeting these challenges. The system will have unique characteristics to achieve proliferation resistance, and will maximize the reliance on passive safety features to reduce the risk of serious accidents and their consequences, simplify operations and maintenance, and reduce the need for the developing country to establish a sophisticated and expensive nuclear infrastructure. In particular, to eliminate all on- site refueling, the reactor will be equipped with a long-life core that will be returned to the supplier when spent. This process will be managed under international control to further both overall non- proliferation objectives and to reduce the infrastructure burden on the developing country. It will also reduce the anticipated burden and expense to the International Atomic Energy Agency for assuring security associated with expanded international use of nuclear energy. An integral part of the program will be the development of new approaches for implementing international safeguards applicable to the entire fuel cycle including recycling and waste disposal. The report discusses the preliminary requirements and the rationale for selecting them. It then discusses the four nuclear system technologies and how they might proceed to meet the requirements. Brief discussions are provided on the approaches to stimulating the appropriate international and industrial participation necessary to finance development of a design with improved proliferation resistance that is useful to the developing countries.
Download or read book Improving Fuel Cycle Design and Safety Characteristics of a Gas Cooled Fast Reactor written by Willem Frederik Geert van Rooijen and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Generation IV Forum is an international nuclear energy research initiative aimed at developing the fourth generation of nuclear reactors, envisaged to enter service halfway the 21st century. One of the Generation IV reactor systems is the Gas Cooled Fast Reactor (GCFR), the subject of study in this thesis. The Generation IV reactor concepts should improve all aspects of nuclear power generation. Within Generation IV, the GCFR concept specifically targets sustainability of nuclear power generation. The Gas Cooled Fast Reactor core power density is high in comparison to other gas cooled reactor concepts. Like all nuclear reactors, the GCFR produces decay heat after shut down, which has to be transported out of the reactor under all circumstances. The layout of the primary system therefore focuses on using natural convection Decay Heat Removal (DHR) where possible, with a large coolant fraction in the core to reduce friction losses.
