Download or read book State of the Industry Report on Air Quality Emissions Form Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-08-09 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary human activities that release carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere are the combustion of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and oil) to generate electricity, the provision of energy for transportation, and as a consequence of some industrial processes. Although aviation CO2 emissions only make up approximately 2.0 to 2.5 percent of total global annual CO2 emissions, research to reduce CO2 emissions is urgent because (1) such reductions may be legislated even as commercial air travel grows, (2) because it takes new technology a long time to propagate into and through the aviation fleet, and (3) because of the ongoing impact of global CO2 emissions. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research develops a national research agenda for reducing CO2 emissions from commercial aviation. This report focuses on propulsion and energy technologies for reducing carbon emissions from large, commercial aircraftâ€" single-aisle and twin-aisle aircraft that carry 100 or more passengersâ€"because such aircraft account for more than 90 percent of global emissions from commercial aircraft. Moreover, while smaller aircraft also emit CO2, they make only a minor contribution to global emissions, and many technologies that reduce CO2 emissions for large aircraft also apply to smaller aircraft. As commercial aviation continues to grow in terms of revenue-passenger miles and cargo ton miles, CO2 emissions are expected to increase. To reduce the contribution of aviation to climate change, it is essential to improve the effectiveness of ongoing efforts to reduce emissions and initiate research into new approaches.
Download or read book Green Aviation written by Emily S. Nelson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aircraft emissions currently account for ~3.5% of all greenhouse gas emissions. The number of passenger miles has increased by 5% annually despite 9/11, two wars and gloomy economic conditions. Since aircraft have no viable alternative to the internal combustion engine, improvements in aircraft efficiency and alternative fuel development become essential. This book comprehensively covers the relevant issues in green aviation. Environmental impacts, technology advances, public policy and economics are intricately linked to the pace of development that will be realized in the coming decades. Experts from NASA, industry and academia review current technology development in green aviation that will carry the industry through 2025 and beyond. This includes increased efficiency through better propulsion systems, reduced drag airframes, advanced materials and operational changes. Clean combustion and emission control of noise, exhaust gases and particulates are also addressed through combustor design and the use of alternative fuels. Economic imperatives from aircraft lifetime and maintenance logistics dictate the drive for "drop-in" fuels, blending jet-grade and biofuel. New certification standards for alternative fuels are outlined. Life Cycle Assessments are used to evaluate worldwide biofuel approaches, highlighting that there is no single rational approach for sustainable buildup. In fact, unless local conditions are considered, the use of biofuels can create a net increase in environmental impact as a result of biofuel manufacturing processes. Governmental experts evaluate current and future regulations and their impact on green aviation. Sustainable approaches to biofuel development are discussed for locations around the globe, including the US, EU, Brazil, China and India.
Download or read book Alternative Jet Fuels and the Business of Freedom written by Monica Soria Baledon and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Reconciling the challenges of climate change and local pollution with those of economic growth and mobility, have become increasingly pressing and urgent. By 2050, carbon dioxide emissions from international and domestic aviation are anticipated to double their ~2.4% contribution to global warming; a figure that does not consider the radiative forcing effect of other emissions at cruise altitude.This doctoral dissertation investigated the role for alternative jet fuels (AJF) in mitigating the climate impacts of aviation in decades to come. This socio-environmental research was overarched by a Post-Normal Science (PNS) theoretical framework, where a mixed methodological approach to aeronautics and the application of out-of-field methods, were instrumental for the development of both the descriptive and the normative components of PNS. The descriptive component of PNS centered on the implications for environmental governance, of defining post-normal issues in terms of what is and what can be known. Its normative component focused on identifying mechanisms for informing and improving decision-making in the air transport sector, based on reflexive, inclusive and transparent scientific inquiry.The analysis of the discursive foundations of aviation climate policy, including the International Civil Aviation Organization's (ICAO) alternative jet fuel strategy, revealed abiding instances of data obliquity, information gaps and asymmetries underlying unquestioned forms of problem representations apropos the environmental impacts of air transport.Some of the options identified in this thesis for addressing these issues encompass: a) an enhanced transparency and access to data collected by governments, industry, academia and other third-parties on aviation emissions from and beyond fuel combustion, b) the harmonization of epistemologies for measuring, allocating, assessing, verifying and reporting environmental data so as to render it comparable, c) a reassessment of the sectoral approach to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for aligning aviation policies and actions with the aims of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, d) greater engagement of stakeholders in the qualitative production, appraisal and use of knowledge, and e) a broad outreach to end-users for getting them involved, individually, in climate action. Problem (mis)representations within the aviation sector have historically bolstered a weak sustainability approach to its sectoral growth that, unless unsettled and replaced by strong sustainability narratives, will continue to effect long-term micro and macroscale risks and repercussions on people and the environment. These discursive and non-discursive practices may also hinder future deployment of sustainable AJF - particularly in countries rich in fossil resources such as Canada - by encouraging the production of fossil-derived fuels, known as lower carbon aviation fuels (LCAF), and when more economical, by favoring carbon offsetting over direct emissions abatement.Weak sustainability narratives in the aviation sector can be challenged by participatory decision-making, where the understanding of what matters, why does it and who says so is as relevant to the future of AJF as their economies of scale. Multi-stakeholder partnerships are promising mechanisms for bringing ofttimes overlooked strong sustainability perspectives and expertise, into the formulation of policies and regulations on AJF beyond the work of the ICAO.To illustrate this, the Canadian case study offered a comprehensive overview of the status, obstacles, opportunities and next steps for strategically addressing commercialization barriers for AJF, by means of a national roadmap - SAFI Canada. This roadmap was the result of the active and pluralistic involvement of stakeholders within a community of interest on AJF that was partly gathered for this purpose"--
Download or read book Will Sustainability Fly written by Mr Walter J Palmer and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2015-01-28 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International air and marine travel have been left to one side in past negotiations to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, but unless something is done, emissions from this segment of the world economy will form a progressively larger percentage of the total, especially as emissions fall in other activities. Will Sustainability Fly? broadens and contextualizes the knowledge resource available to academics, policy makers, air industry leaders and stakeholders, and interested members of the public. The book focuses on fuel, providing background in technical and policy terms, from the broadest reliable sources of information available, for the necessary discourse on society's reaction to the evolving aviation emissions profile.
Download or read book Aviation and the Environment written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Aviation and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Roadmap for a Meta standard for Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels written by Sacha Alberici and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sustainable jet fuel for aviation written by Wormslev, Erik C.;Pedersen, Jakob Louis;Eriksen, Christian;Bugge, Rasmus;Skou, Nicolaj and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2016-08-29 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study assesses to what extent the production and use of advanced sustainable jet fuel may contribute to GHG reduction and mitigation, and identifies the commercial potential for initiating and scaling up advanced sustainable jet fuel production at a Nordic level. The report explores as well on how to most efficiently use the available Nordic know-how, feedstock and production facilities. The report draws on the latest available reports and statistics, as well as interviews with stakeholders and experts across the Nordic countries, concludes on identifying the most matured technologies, the Nordic opportunities and challenges, and ideas to mitigate the barriers within the Nordic private and public sectors.
Download or read book Sustainable Aviation Fuel Policy in the United States written by Fred Ghatala and published by . This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sustainable Aviation Fuel written by Carney Mount and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2023-07-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) refers to a type of fuel that is produced from renewable feedstocks and has a lower environmental impact compared to conventional jet fuel. SAF is designed to address the aviation industry's significant contribution to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental pollution. It aims to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, improve air quality, and promote the sustainable use of resources. SAF is produced through various pathways, such as hydroprocessing, fermentation, thermochemical conversion, and biomass-to-liquid processes. These pathways involve converting biomass feedstocks, such as plant-based crops, waste materials, and algae, into liquid hydrocarbon fuels suitable for aviation use. The production processes aim to maximize efficiency, minimize waste, and reduce emissions throughout the entire lifecycle of the fuel. One of the key advantages of SAF is its potential for significant greenhouse gas emissions reductions. When compared to conventional jet fuel, SAF can achieve substantial CO2 emissions savings, often ranging from 50% to over 80% on a lifecycle basis. By using SAF, airlines can reduce their carbon footprint and contribute to global efforts to mitigate climate change. SAF is designed to be a drop-in fuel, meaning it can be blended with conventional jet fuel and used in existing aircraft engines without requiring significant modifications. This compatibility allows for a smooth transition and integration of SAF into the aviation industry's existing infrastructure and operations. Certification schemes and standards ensure the sustainability and quality of SAF. These schemes verify that SAF is produced using environmentally responsible practices, adheres to specific sustainability criteria, and meets performance standards necessary for safe aviation operations. The future prospects for SAF are promising. Technological advancements, such as feedstock diversification, process optimization, and improved conversion methods, are continuously being pursued to enhance the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of SAF production. Supportive policies, market incentives, and international collaborations further drive the development, adoption, and commercialization of SAF. By embracing SAF, the aviation industry can play a significant role in reducing its environmental impact, promoting sustainability, and contributing to a greener future for air travel.
Download or read book Scaling Air Quality Effects from Alternative Jet Fuel in Aircraft and Ground Support Equipment written by Pearl Elizabeth Donohoo-Vallett and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many of the nation's largest airports, including Los Angeles International Airport, the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Chicago O'Hare International Airport and Washington Dulles International Airport are located within areas designated by the EPA as having ambient particulate matter concentrations that exceed National Ambient Air Quality standards. When inhaled, fine particulate matter can enter the blood stream from the lungs and increase the risk of illness and premature mortality. This thesis examines the potential of two jet fuel types, ultra low sulfur jet fuel and synthetic paraffinic kerosene, to reduce aviation's contribution to ambient particulate matter concentrations. Scaling factors were developed for airport criteria pollutant emissions to model alternative jet fuels in aircraft and ground support equipment. These linear scaling factors were based on currently published studies comparing standard diesel and jet fuels with alternative jet fuels. It was found that alternative jet fuels lower or maintain all air pollutant emissions considered (primary particulate matter, sulfur oxides, nitrous oxides, unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide) for both aircraft and ground support equipment. To quantify the potential benefits of changing fuel composition on ambient particulate matter concentrations, a study of the Atlanta Hartsfield Jackson International Airport was completed using both emissions inventory analysis and atmospheric modeling. The atmospheric modeling captures both primary particulate matter and other emissions that react in the atmosphere to form secondary particulate matter. It was found that the use of an ultra low sulfur jet fuel in aircraft gas turbines could reduce the primary particulate matter inventory by 37% and synthetic paraffinic kerosene could reduce the primary particulate matter inventory by 64%. The atmospheric modeling predicts that an ultra low sulfur jet fuel in aircraft could reduce ambient particulate matter concentrations due to aircraft by up to 57% and synthetic paraffinic kerosene could reduce particulate matter concentrations due to aircraft by up to 67%. Thus, this study indicates that the majority of air quality benefits at Atlanta Hartsfield Jackson International Airport that could be derived from the two fuels considered can be captured by removing the sulfur from jet fuel through the use of an ultra low sulfur jet fuel.
Download or read book Aircraft Emissions Impact on Air Quality and Feasibility of Control written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alternative Jet Fuels written by United States. Government Accountability Office and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The federal government has encouraged the development and use of alternative fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with aviation and to enhance economic development and energy security for the United States. To help achieve these goals of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the aviation industry is actively supporting alternative jet fuels. GAO was asked to provide information on the progress and challenges to developing and using alternative jet fuels in the United States. This report examines (1) the role of the federal government in the development and use of alternative jet fuels and (2) key challenges to developing and using alternative jet fuels and actions that the federal government plans to or could take to help address those challenges. GAO interviewed officials from five federal agencies--FAA, USDA, DOE, DOD, and EPA. GAO selected these agencies for review because GAO identified them as the federal agencies most involved in the development and use of alternative jet fuels. GAO also reviewed relevant literature and federal and industry documents and discussed challenges and potential federal actions with 23 stakeholders from government, academia, and the private sector, selected to represent a range of perspectives and expertise in areas related to each step in the development and use of alternative jet fuels. GAO is not making recommendations in this report. DOT, USDA, DOE, DOD, and EPA reviewed a draft of this report and provided technical comments that were incorporated as appropriate."--Highlights.
Download or read book Alternative Jet Fuels written by U.s. Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " The federal government has encouraged the development and use of alternative fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with aviation and to enhance economic development and energy security for the United States. To help achieve these goals of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the aviation industry is actively supporting alternative jet fuels. GAO was asked to provide information on the progress and challenges to developing and using alternative jet fuels in the United States. This report examines (1) the role of the federal government in the development and use of alternative jet fuels and (2) key challenges to developing and using alternative jet fuels and actions that the federal government plans to or could take to help address those challenges. GAO interviewed officials from five federal agencies-FAA, USDA, DOE, DOD, and EPA. GAO selected these agencies for review because GAO identified them as the federal agencies most involved in the development and use of alternative jet fuels. GAO also reviewed relevant literature and federal and industry documents and discussed challenges and potential federal actions with 23 stakeholders from government, academia, and the private sector, selected to represent a range of perspectives and expertise in areas related to each step in the development and use of alternative jet fuels. GAO is not making recommendations in this report."
Download or read book For Greener Skies written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-05-24 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each new generation of commercial aircraft produces less noise and fewer emissions per passenger-kilometer (or ton-kilometer of cargo) than the previous generation. However, the demand for air transportation services grows so quickly that total aircraft noise and emissions continue to increase. Meanwhile, federal, state, and local noise and air quality standards in the United States and overseas have become more stringent. It is becoming more difficult to reconcile public demand for inexpensive, easily accessible air transportation services with concurrent desires to reduce noise, improve local air quality, and protect the global environment against climate change and depletion of stratospheric ozone. This situation calls for federal leadership and strong action from industry and government. U.S. government, industry, and universities conduct research and develop technology that could help reduce aircraft noise and emissions-but only if the results are used to improve operational systems or standards. For example, the (now terminated) Advanced Subsonic Technology Program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) generally brought new technology only to the point where a system, subsystem model, or prototype was demonstrated or could be validated in a relevant environment. Completing the maturation process-by fielding affordable, proven, commercially available systems for installation on new or modified aircraft-was left to industry and generally took place only if industry had an economic or regulatory incentive to make the necessary investment. In response to this situation, the Federal Aviation Administration, NASA, and the Environmental Protection Agency, asked the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board of the National Research Council to recommend research strategies and approaches that would further efforts to mitigate the environmental effects (i.e., noise and emissions) of aviation. The statement of task required the Committee on Aeronautics Research and Technology for Environmental Compatibility to assess whether existing research policies and programs are likely to foster the technological improvements needed to ensure that environmental constraints do not become a significant barrier to growth of the aviation sector.
Download or read book Aviation and Climate Change written by Frank Fichert and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-19 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the political, economic and managerial challenges for policy makers and the air transport industry as they face climate change. Based on an overview of the scientific background and technological options for emissions reduction, Aviation and Climate Change provides an in-depth assessment of environmental regulation and management. It provides an up-to-the-minute analysis of the effects of aviation on climate change, and an economic analysis of policies to reduce or eliminate greenhouse gas emissions. The main emphasis of the book is on the economic mechanisms used to lessen emissions – carbon taxes, emissions trading schemes and offset schemes. It pays particular attention to the ways these policies work, and to the interaction between them – for instance, the interaction between taxes and emissions trading schemes. One feature of the book is that it analyses the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) which has been developed by ICAO for international aviation, and which is due to commence operation shortly. The advantages and disadvantages of this controversial scheme are discussed. This book will be of interest to researchers in diverse areas (economics, political science, engineering, natural sciences), to air transport policy makers, and to managers in the aviation industry.
Download or read book Alternative Jet Fuels written by United States Government Accountability and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-10-04 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The federal government has encouraged the development and use of alternative fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with aviation and to enhance economic development and energy security for the United States. To help achieve these goals of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the aviation industry is actively supporting alternative jet fuels. GAO was asked to provide information on the progress and challenges to developing and using alternative jet fuels in the United States. This report examines (1) the role of the federal government in the development and use of alternative jet fuels and (2) key challenges to developing and using alternative jet fuels and actions that the federal government plans to or could take to help address those challenges.
