Download or read book State of the Art ECR Ion Sources written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion source which produces highly-charged ions is used in heavy ion accelerators worldwide. Applications also found in atomic physics research and industry ion implantation. ECR ion source performance continues to improve, especially in the last few years with new techniques, such as multiple-frequency plasma heating and better methods to provide extra cold electrons, combined with higher magnetic mirror fields. So far more than 1 emA of multiply-charged ions such as He[sup 2+] and O[sup 6+], and 30 e[mu]A of Au[sup 32+], 1.1 e[mu]A of [sup 238]U[sup 48+], and epA currents of very high charge states such as [sup 86]Kr[sup 35+] and [sup 238]U[sup 60+] have been produced.

Download or read book Future Prospects for ECR Ion Sources with Improved Charge State Distributions written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the steady advance in the technology of the ECR ion source, present art forms have not yet reached their full potential in terms of charge state and intensity within a particular charge state, in part, because of the narrow band width. single-frequency microwave radiation used to heat the plasma electrons. This article identifies fundamentally important methods which may enhance the performances of ECR ion sources through the use of: (1) a tailored magnetic field configuration (spatial domain) in combination with single-frequency microwave radiation to create a large uniformly distributed ECR ''volume'' or (2) the use of broadband frequency domain techniques (variable-frequency, broad-band frequency, or multiple-discrete-frequency microwave radiation), derived from standard TWT technology, to transform the resonant plasma ''surfaces'' of traditional ECR ion sources into resonant plasma ''volume''. The creation of a large ECR plasma ''volume'' permits coupling of more power into the plasma, resulting in the heating of a much larger electron population to higher energies, thereby producing higher charge state ions and much higher intensities within a particular charge state than possible in present forms of' the source. The ECR ion source concepts described in this article offer exciting opportunities to significantly advance the-state-of-the-art of ECR technology and as a consequence, open new opportunities in fundamental and applied research and for a variety of industrial applications.

Download or read book ECR electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources and Applications with Heavy ion Linacs written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source has been developed in the last few years into a reliable source of high charge-state heavy ions. The availability of heavy ions with relatively large charge-to-mass ratios (0.1--0.5) has made it possible to contemplate essentially new classes of heavy-ion linear accelerators. In this talk, I shall review the state-of-the-art in ECR source performance and describe some of the implications this performance level has for heavy-ion linear accelerator design. The present linear accelerator projects using ECR ion sources will be noted and the performance requirements of the ECR source for these projects will be reviewed. 30 refs., 3 figs.

Download or read book State of the Art of High Power Gyro Devices and Free Electron Masers Update 2015 KIT Scientific Reports 7717 written by Thumm, Manfred and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-29 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book State of the Art of High Power Gyro Devices and Free Electron Masers Update 2017 KIT Scientific Reports 7750 written by Thumm, Manfred and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-04 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book State of the Art of High Power Gyro Devices Update of Experimental Results 2023 KIT Scientific Reports 7765 written by Thumm, Manfred and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2024-02-06 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents an update of the experimental achievements published in the review “State- of-the-Art of High-Power Gyro-Devices and Free Electron Masers”, Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, 41, No. 1, pp 1-140 (2020) and in the KIT Scientific Report 7761 (2021), related to the development of gyro-devices (Tables 2-34). Emphasis is on high-power gyrotron oscillators for long-pulse or continuous wave (CW) operation and pulsed gyrotrons for any applications.

Download or read book State of the Art of High Power Gyro Devices Update of Experimental Results 2021 KIT Scientific Reports 7761 written by Thumm, Manfred and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2021-10-28 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents an update of the experimental achievements published in the review “State- of-the-Art of High-Power Gyro-Devices and Free Electron Masers”, Journal of Infrared, Millime-ter, and Terahertz Waves, 41, No. 1, pp 1-140 (2020) related to the development of gyro-devices (Tables 2-34). Emphasis is on high-power gyrotron oscillators for long-pulse or continuous wave (CW) operation and pulsed gyrotrons for any applications.

Download or read book State of the Art of High Power Gyro Devices and Free Electron Masers Update 2016 KIT Scientific Reports 7735 written by Thumm, Manfred and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2017-07-19 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book State of the art Reviews On Energetic Ion atom And Ion molecule Collisions written by Dzevad Belkic and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based upon a part of the invited and contributing talks at the 25th International Symposium on Ion-Atom Collisions, ISIAC (biennial), held on July 23-25, 2017 in Palm Cove, Queensland, Australia. To aid the general reader, all the authors tried to present their chapters in the context of the development of the addressed particular themes and the underlying major ideas and intricacies. Some chapters contain new results that have not been previously published elsewhere. Whenever possible, the authors made their attempts to connect the basic research in atomic and molecular collision physics with some important applications in other branches of physics as well as across the physics borders. It is hoped that the material presented in this book will be interesting and useful to the beginners and specialists alike. The contents and expositions are deemed to be helpful to the beginners in assessing the potential overlap of some of the presented material with their own research themes and this might provide motivations for possible further upgrades. Likewise, specialists could take advantage of these reviews to see where the addressed themes were and where they are going, in order to acknowledge the fruits of the efforts made thus far and actively contribute to tailoring the directions of future research. Overall, this book is truly interdisciplinary. It judiciously combines experiments and theories within particle collision physics on atomic and molecular levels. It presents state-of-the-art fundamental research in this field. It addresses the possibilities for significant and versatile applications outside standard atomic and molecular collision physics ranging from astrophysics, surface as well as cluster physics/chemistry, hadron therapy in medicine and to the chemical industry. It is then, as Volume 2, fully in the spirit of the 'Aims and Scope' of this book series by reference to its 'Mission Statement'.

Download or read book Handbook of Ion Sources written by Bernhard Wolf and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Ion Sources delivers the data needed for daily work with ion sources. It also gives information for the selection of a suitable ion source and ion production method for a specific application. The Handbook concentrates on practical aspects and introduces the principle function of ion sources. The basic plasma parameters are defined and discussed. The working principles of various ion sources are explained, and examples of each type of ion source are presented with their operational data. Tables of ion current for various elements and charge states summarize the performance of different ion sources. The problems related to the production of ions of non-gaseous elements are detailed, and data on useful materials for evaporation and ion source construction are summarized. Additional chapters are dedicated to extraction and beam formation, ion beam diagnosis, ion source electronics, and computer codes for extraction, acceleration, and beam transport. Emittance and brilliance are described and space charge effects and neutralization discussed. Various methods for the measurement of current, profile, emittance, and time structure are presented and compared. Intensity limits for these methods are provided for different ion energies. Typical problems related to the operation of ion source plasmas are discussed and practical examples of circuits are given. The influence of high voltage on ion source electronics and possibilities for circuit protection are covered. The generation of microwaves and various microwave equipment are described and special problems related to microwave operation are summarized. The Handbook of Ion Sources is a valuable reference on the subject, of benefit to practitioners and graduate students interested in accelerators, ion implantation, and ion beam techniques.

Download or read book Cyclotrons and Their Applications written by John Christopher Cornell and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996 with total page 894 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Design of a Nb3Sn Magnet for a 4th Generation ECR Ion Source written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The next generation of Electron Cyclotron Resonant (ECR) ion sources are expected to operate at a heating radio frequency greater than 40 GHz. The existing 3rd generation systems, exemplified by the state of the art system VENUS, operate in the 10-28 GHz range, and use NbTi superconductors for the confinement coils. The magnetic field needed to confine the plasma scales with the rf frequency, resulting in peak fields on the magnets of the 4th generation system in excess of 10 T. High field superconductors such as Nb3Sn must therefore be considered. The magnetic design of a 4th. generation ECR ion source operating at an rf frequency of 56 GHz is considered. The analysis considers both internal and external sextupole configurations, assuming commercially available Nb3Sn material properties. Preliminary structural design issues are discussed based on the forces and margins associated with the coils in the different configurations, leading to quantitative data for the determination of a final magnet design.

Download or read book Cyclotrons And Their Applications Proceedings Of The 14th International Conference written by John Christopher Cornell and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996-06-12 with total page 894 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These conference proceedings will be of interest to all accelerator scientists and engineers, as well as those concerned with the application of cyclotrons in various fields. The conference covers the latest developments in the science, technology and use of cyclotrons, and includes more than 25 invited talks by specialists in their respective fields. Contributions include papers on newly operating cyclotrons and facilities under construction, compact cyclotrons, cooler rings and post-accelerators, ion sources, beam dynamics, beam diagnostics, cyclotron components, systems and technologies, as well as medical applications — including radiotherapy and radioisotope production — non-medical applications, radioactive beam facilities and new projects and proposals.

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-12 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nb3Sn Superconducting Magnets for Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion sources are an essential component of heavy-ion accelerators. Over the past few decades advances in magnet technology and an improved understanding of the ECR ion source plasma physics have led to remarkable performance improvements of ECR ion sources. Currently third generation high field superconducting ECR ion sources operating at frequencies around 28 GHz are the state of the art ion injectors and several devices are either under commissioning or under design around the world. At the same time, the demand for increased intensities of highly charged heavy ions continues to grow, which makes the development of even higher performance ECR ion sources a necessity. To extend ECR ion sources to frequencies well above 28 GHz, new magnet technology will be needed in order to operate at higher field and force levels. The superconducting magnet program at LBNL has been developing high field superconducting magnets for particle accelerators based on Nb3Sn superconducting technology for several years. At the moment, Nb3Sn is the only practical conductor capable of operating at the 15 T field level in the relevant configurations. Recent design studies have been focused on the possibility of using Nb3Sn in the next generation of ECR ion sources. In the past, LBNL has worked on the VENUS ECR, a 28 GHz source with solenoids and a sextupole made with NbTi operating at fields of 6-7 T. VENUS has now been operating since 2004. We present in this paper the design of a Nb3Sn ECR ion source optimized to operate at an rf frequency of 56 GHz with conductor peak fields of 13-15 T. Because of the brittleness and strain sensitivity of Nb3Sn-, particular care is required in the design of the magnet support structure, which must be capable of providing support to the coils without overstressing the conductor. In this paper, we present the main features of the support structure, featuring an external aluminum shell pretensioned with water-pressurized bladders, and we analyze the expected coil stresses with a two-dimensional finite element mechanical model.

Download or read book ECR Ion Sources and Their Applications written by National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances in Terahertz Source Technologies written by Gun-Sik Park and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-04-16 with total page 773 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past several decades, tremendous progress has been made in terahertz (THz) science and technology. There is a continuing need to have terahertz waves ready for practical applications. Terahertz photonic and electronic devices are being readied to be employed in application systems such as communication links, satellite communications, radar, surveillance, hard/soft material heating, biomedical treatment, and biomedical diagnostics. This book focuses on the advances in terahertz source technologies both from photonics and electronics (solid-state and vacuum-state) points of view. Written in a noncomplicated language, the book will be useful for a broad spectrum of readers, including advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level students in electronics and photonics, researchers in various disciplines in physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy, and electrical engineering, system engineers in various industrial sectors, general readers, and those who are interested in the interaction between electromagnetic waves and matters and in the effects of electromagnetic waves on matters.