Download or read book Standing Before the Shouting Mob written by Alexander Leidholdt and published by University Alabama Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1958 the nation's attention was focused on Norfolk, Virginia, where nearly ten thousand students were locked out of their schools. Rather than comply with the desegregation mandate of Brown v. Board of Education, Governor J. Lindsay Almond, supported by the powerful political machine of Senator Harry F. Byrd, Sr., had closed Norfolk's white secondary schools. Massive resistance to integration transformed Norfolk into a civil rights arena. Although the process by which Norfolk's schools were integrated was far from orderly, the transition was characterized by debate, political maneuvering, and judicial action - not violence. Lenoir Chambers, editor of the Norfolk Virginian-Pilot, conducted an editorial campaign supporting the peaceful implementation of the Court's order. Utilizing a wide range of primary and secondary sources, Standing before the Shouting Mob examines Chambers's campaign, explores the influences that shaped his racial views, and places him within the context of southern journalism. The book also provides a detailed analysis of Virginia's massive resistance and Norfolk's school closing.

Download or read book Elusive Equality written by Jeffrey L. Littlejohn and published by University of Virginia Press. This book was released on 2012-08-20 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Elusive Equality, Jeffrey L. Littlejohn and Charles H. Ford place Norfolk, Virginia, at the center of the South's school desegregation debates, tracing the crucial role that Norfolk’s African Americans played in efforts to equalize and integrate the city’s schools. The authors relate how local activists participated in the historic teacher-pay-parity cases of the 1930s and 1940s, how they fought against the school closures and "Massive Resistance" of the 1950s, and how they challenged continuing patterns of discrimination by insisting on crosstown busing in the 1970s and 1980s. Despite the advances made by local activists, however, Littlejohn and Ford argue that the vaunted "urban advantage" supposedly now enjoyed by Norfolk’s public schools is not easy to reconcile with the city’s continuing gaps and disparities in relation to race and class. In analyzing the history of struggles over school integration in Norfolk, the authors scrutinize the stories told by participants, including premature declarations of victory that laud particular achievements while ignoring the larger context in which they take place. Their research confirms that Norfolk was a harbinger of national trends in educational policy and civil rights. Drawing on recently released archival materials, oral interviews, and the rich newspaper coverage in the Journal and Guide, Virginian-Pilot, and Ledger-Dispatch, Littlejohn and Ford present a comprehensive, multidimensional, and unsentimental analysis of the century-long effort to gain educational equality. A historical study with contemporary implications, their book offers a balanced view based on a thorough, sober look at where Norfolk’s school district has been and where it is going.

Download or read book Battling Nell written by Alexander S. Leidholdt and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2009-11 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A longtime columnist for the Raleigh News and Observer, Cornelia Battle Lewis earned a national reputation in the 1920s and 1930s for her courageous advocacy on behalf of women's rights, African Americans, children, and labor unions. Late in her life, however, after fighting mental illness, Lewis reversed many of her stances and railed against the liberalism she had spent her life advancing. In Battling Nell, Alexander S. Leidholdt tells the compelling and ultimately tragic life story of this groundbreaking journalist against the backdrop of the turbulent post-Reconstruction Jim Crow South and speculates about the cause of her extraordinary transformation. The daughter of North Carolina's most prominent public health official, Lewis grew up in Raleigh, but her experiences at Smith College in Massachusetts, and later in France during World War I, led her to question the prevailing racial attitudes and gender roles of her native region. In 1920, Lewis began her storied career with the News and Observer. Inspired by H. L. Mencken's scathing criticism of the South, she soon established herself as the region's leading female liberal journalist. Her column, "Incidentally," attacked the Ku Klux Klan, lobbied against the exploitation of mill workers, defended strikers during the notorious communist-organized Gastonia labor violence, mocked religious fundamentalists who fought the teaching of evolution, and decried lynch law. A suffragist and a feminist who saw women's rights as inextricably linked to human rights, Lewis ran for state legislature in 1928 and was one of the first women in North Carolina to be admitted to the bar. In the 1930s, however, Lewis faced repeated institutionalizations for a debilitating bout of mental illness and sought treatment from Christian Science practitioners, spiritualists, and psychotherapists. As she aged, her views grew increasingly reactionary, and she insisted that she had served as a communist dupe during the Gastonia strike and trials, that communists had infiltrated the University of North Carolina, and that many of her former progressive allies had ties to communism. Finally, many of her opinions completely reversed, and in the wake of the 1954 Brown v. Board decision, she served as an influential spokesperson for the South's massive resistance to public school desegregation. She continued to espouse these conservative beliefs until her death in 1956. In his detailed retelling of Lewis's fascinating life, Leidholdt chronicles the turbulent history of North Carolina from the 1920s through the 1950s, as industrialization and racial integration began to tear at the region's conservative fabric. He vividly explains the background and ramifications of Lewis's many controversial stances and explores the possible reasons for her ideological about-face. Through the extraordinary story of "Battling Nell," Leidholdt reveals how the complex issues of gender, labor, and race intertwined to influence the convulsive events that shaped the course of early twentieth-century southern history.

Download or read book Race Reason and Massive Resistance written by David John Mays and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These private writings by a prominent white southern lawyer offer insight into his state’s embrace of massive white resistance following the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education ruling. David J. Mays of Richmond, Virginia, was a highly regarded attorney, a Pulitzer Prize-winning biographer, and a member of his city’s political and social elite. He was also a diarist for most of his adult life. This volume comprises diary excerpts from the years 1954 to 1959. For much of this time Mays was counsel to the commission, chaired by state senator Garland Gray, that was charged with formulating Virginia’s response to federal mandates concerning the integration of public schools. Later, Mays was involved in litigation triggered by that response. Mays chronicled the state’s bitter and divisive shift away from the Gray Commission’s proposal that school integration questions be settled at the local level. Instead, Virginia’s arch-segregationists, led by U.S. senator Harry F. Byrd, championed a monolithic defiance of integration at the highest state and federal levels. Many leading Virginians of the time appear in Mays’s diary, along with details of their roles in the battle against desegregation as it was fought in the media, courts, polls, and government back rooms. Mays’s own racial attitudes were hardly progressive; yet his temperament and legal training put a relatively moderate public face on them. As James R. Sweeney notes, Mays’s differences with extremists were about means more than ends--about “not the morality of Jim Crow but the best tactics for defending it.”

Download or read book Southern Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An interdisciplinary journal of the South.

Download or read book Postwar America written by James Ciment and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-03-26 with total page 3552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the outbreak of the Cold War to the rise of the United States as the last remaining superpower, the years following World War II were filled with momentous events and rapid change. Diplomatically, economically, politically, and culturally, the United States became a major influence around the globe. On the domestic front, this period witnessed some of the most turbulent and prosperous years in American history. "Postwar America: An Encyclopedia of Social, Political, Cultural, and Economic History" provides detailed coverage of all the remarkable developments within the United States during this period, as well as their dramatic impact on the rest of the world. A-Z entries address specific persons, groups, concepts, events, geographical locations, organizations, and cultural and technological phenomena. Sidebars highlight primary source materials, items of special interest, statistical data, and other information; and Cultural Landmark entries chronologically detail the music, literature, arts, and cultural history of the era. Bibliographies covering literature from the postwar era and about the era are also included, as are illustrations and specialized indexes.

Download or read book The Race Beat written by Gene Roberts and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2008-06-17 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An unprecedented examination of how news stories, editorials and photographs in the American press—and the journalists responsible for them—profoundly changed the nation’s thinking about civil rights in the South during the 1950s and ‘60s. Roberts and Klibanoff draw on private correspondence, notes from secret meetings, unpublished articles, and interviews to show how a dedicated cadre of newsmen—black and white—revealed to a nation its most shameful shortcomings that compelled its citizens to act. Meticulously researched and vividly rendered, The Race Beat is an extraordinary account of one of the most calamitous periods in our nation’s history, as told by those who covered it.

Download or read book The Collected Works of Grace Livingston Hill written by Grace Livingston Hill and published by e-artnow. This book was released on 2019-11-28 with total page 4929 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: e-artnow presents to you the meticulously edited and formatted collection of the greatest works by Grace Livingston Hill: Marcia Schuyler Phoebe Deane Miranda A Daily Rate According to the Pattern Aunt Crete's Emancipation Cloudy Jewel The City of Fire Dawn of the Morning Exit Betty Lo, Michael! The Mystery of Mary The Search The Witness An Unwilling Guest The Red Signal The Story of a Whim The Tryst The Big Blue Soldier Because of Stephen The Girl From Montana The Man of the Desert A Voice in the Wilderness The Enchanted Barn The War Romance of the Salvation Army

Download or read book Cradle of America written by Peter Wallenstein and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this first single-authored history of Virginia since the 1970s, Peter Wallenstein traces major themes across four centuries in a brisk narrative that recalls the people and events that have shaped the Old Dominion.

Download or read book The Book of Life written by Newton Marshall Hall and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Keep On Keeping On written by Brian J. Daugherity and published by University of Virginia Press. This book was released on 2016-08-03 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Virginia was a battleground state in the struggle to implement Brown v. Board of Education, with one of the South’s largest and strongest NAACP units fighting against a program of noncompliance crafted by the state’s political leaders. Keep On Keeping On offers a detailed examination of how African Americans and the NAACP in Virginia successfully pursued a legal agenda that provided new educational opportunities for the state’s black population in the face of fierce opposition from segregationists and the Democratic Party of Harry F. Byrd Sr. Keep On Keeping On is the first book to offer a comprehensive view of African Americans’ efforts to obtain racial equality in Virginia in the later twentieth century. Brian J. Daugherity considers the relationship between the various levels of the NAACP, the ideas and actions of other African American organizations, and the stances of Virginia’s political leaders, white liberals and moderates, and segregationists. In doing so, the author provides a better understanding of the connections between the actions of white political leaders and those of black civil rights activists working to bring about school desegregation. Blending social, legal, southern, and African American history, this book sheds new light on the civil rights movement and white resistance to civil rights in Virginia and the South.

Download or read book Civil Rights Music written by Reiland Rabaka and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2016-05-03 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While there have been a number of studies that have explored African American “movement culture” and African American “movement politics,” rarely has the mixture of black music and black politics or, rather, black music an as expression of black movement politics, been explored across several genres of African American “movement music,” and certainly not with a central focus on the major soundtracks of the Civil Rights Movement: gospel, freedom songs, rhythm & blues, and rock & roll. Here the mixture of music and politics emerging out of the Civil Rights Movement is critically examined as an incredibly important site and source of spiritual rejuvenation, social organization, political education, and cultural transformation, not simply for the non-violent civil rights soldiers of the 1950s and 1960s, but for organic intellectual-artist-activists deeply committed to continuing the core ideals and ethos of the Civil Rights Movement in the twenty-first century. Civil Rights Music: The Soundtracks of the Civil Rights Movement is primarily preoccupied with that liminal, in-between, and often inexplicable place where black popular music and black popular movements meet and merge. Black popular movements are more than merely social and political affairs. Beyond social organization and political activism, black popular movements provide much-needed spaces for cultural development and artistic experimentation, including the mixing of musical and other aesthetic traditions. “Movement music” experimentation has historically led to musical innovation, and musical innovation in turn has led to new music that has myriad meanings and messages—some social, some political, some cultural, some spiritual and, indeed, some sexual. Just as black popular movements have a multiplicity of meanings, this book argues that the music that emerges out of black popular movements has a multiplicity of meanings as well.

Download or read book American Journalism written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Japan Chronicle written by and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Life of the Master written by Newton Marshall Hall and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Rebellion Record written by Frank Moore and published by . This book was released on 1864 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Bridge of Perfect Wisdom written by Rupa Monerawela and published by Paragon Publishing. This book was released on with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China’s Cultural Revolution brought a halt to the everyday life of ordinary citizens, and the monotonous routine of daily life was disturbed by political accusations made by ‘Red Guards’. The writer gives vivid descriptions of incidents: the burning of antiques, destroying artists’ work, desecrating religious places of worship and attacking the religious beliefs of the people. Forty seven years have now elapsed, and the present generation of Chinese may be able to understand some of the political developments that opened up the country, liberalising the economy, and the beginning of some form of individual freedom. Although living in the diplomatic enclave, the writer seized the opportunity to gather information from a cross section of Chinese, and from translations of the local newspaper Shinhwa. She is sympathetic to Chairman Mao’s idealism but with the advent of indisciplined and immature groups of Red Guards negating the democratic communist dream, the heroine in the novel naively believes different things could be achieved. The story is fact and fiction, as firsthand incidents that took place bring out the authenticity of this historical period in China. The characters are fictitious and if there is any resemblance to actual people it is entirely coincidental. This is the work of an author moving in an environment of diplomats and politicians during a very volatile period.