Download or read book Standardization of Epidemiologic Studies of Host Susceptibility written by Janice S. Dorman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (100M) varies dramatically across racial groups and countries, with annual age-adjusted rates of approximately 40/100,000 per year in Finland, but only 0.51100,000 per year in China. Although reasons for these marked geographic differences are unknown, it is likely that genetic variations across populations play a m~or role. To determine the contribution of genetic factors to the global patterns of 100M incidence, international comparative studies are now being undertaken as part of the WHO Multinational Project for Childhood Oiabetes, known as the DIAMOND Project. It is, therefore, necessary to develop and implement epidemiologic standards for these investigations which can be applied across populations. This will ensure that comparable data are obtained in all countries, and that relevant scientific questions can be properly addressed. The development of standards for molecular epidemiologic studies of 100M is the of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop. During this meeting at the objective University of Pittsburgh, scientists from across the world convened to discuss issues relating to the standardization of: 1. the collection of family history data to assess the risk of 100M in first degree relatives, 2. case-control molecular epidemiology studies of 100M susceptibility, 3. HLA family studies, 4. laboratory methods and ONA technology transfer for genetic marker evaluations.

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 6 written by King K. Holmes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.

Download or read book Genetics and Public Health in the 21st Century written by Muin J. Khoury and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2000 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first broad survey of these two fields, this book deleniates a framework for integrating advances in human genetics into public health practice.

Download or read book Cancer Epidemiology written by Amr Soliman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer Epidemiology: Low- and Middle-Income Countries and Special Populations reviews the current status of cancer epidemiologic research and training - rationale, requisite infrastructure, methodologic principles, and illustrative examples in low- and middle-income countries - in order to facilitate future advances by trained health professionals.

Download or read book The Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus written by J.-M. Ekoé and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2001-12-12 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the geographical aspects of the epidemiology of diabetes. It examines such diverse populations throughout the world, including American Indians, Latin America, Africa, China, Japan, and the Middle East. The authors also provide a thorough examination of the economic costs of the disease.

Download or read book Radiofrequency Radiation Standards written by B. Jon Klauenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-22 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has sponsored research and personnel safety standards development for exposure to Radiofrequency Radiation (RFR) for over twenty years. The Aerospace Medical Panel of the Advisory Group For Aerospace Research and Development (AGARD) sponsored Lecture Series No. 78 Radiation Hazards,! in 1975, in the Netherlands, Germany, and Norway, on the subject of Radiation Hazards to provide a review and critical analysis of the available information and concepts. In the same year, Research Study Group 2 on Protection of Personnel Against Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation (Panel VIIl of AC/243 Defence Research Group, NATO) proposed a revision to Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 2345. The intent of the proposal was to revise the ST ANAG to incorporate frequency-dependent-RFR safety guidelines. These changes are documented in the NATO STANAG 2345 (MED), Control and Recording of Personnel Exposure to Radiofrequency Radiation,2 promulgated in 1979. Research Study Group 2 (RSG2) of NATO Defense Research Group Panel VIII (AC1243) was organized, in 1981, to study and contribute technical information concerning the protection of military personnel from the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. A workshop at the Royal Air Force Institute of Aviation Medicine, Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough, U. K. was held to develop and/or compile sufficient knowledge on the long-term effects of pulsed RFR to maintain safe procedures and to minimize unnecessary operational constraints.

Download or read book Neural Development and Schizophrenia written by Sarnoff A. Mednick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the third meeting we have organized which has explored the meaning of fetal neural developmental disruption in the etiology of schiwphrenia. The first was sponsored by the Schiwphrenia Research Branch with the scientific cooperation of Dr. David Shore. We met in Washington; the output of the meeting was published in a book entitled, Fetal Neural Development and Adult Schizophrenia. Cambridge University Press. 1991. The next meeting was an Advanced Research Workshop sponsored by NATO and was held at n Ciocco. Castelvecchio Pascoli. This meeting was reported in a NATO volume. Developmental Neuropathology of Schizophrenia and was edited by Mednick. Cannon. Barr and La Fosse. The current meeting has noted several advances in the field. There are additional psychiatric illnesses which have been found to be related to maternal viral infection in the second trimester. There have been studies reported which have definitely observed a viral infection in the mothers of fetuses who later evidenced schirophrenia. More evidence has been published which has replicated the "second-trimester effect." In the future studies will be wise to provide serological evidence of a viral infection and information on the precise viruses involved. Another important step will be to determine whether second-trimester maternal viral infection is related to a behavioral deficit in the infant. If neural development has been compromised. it might be possible to detect deficits in the infant with the proper measures. We look forward to future meetings at which these new areas might be explored.

Download or read book Targeting of Drugs 4 written by Gregory Gregoriadis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NATO Advanced Studies Institute series "Targeting of Drugs" was originated in 1981. It is now a major international forum, held every two years in Cape Sounion, Greece, in which the present and the future of this important area of research in drug delivery is discussed in great depth. Previous ASIs of the series dealt with drug carriers of natural and synthetic origin, their interaction with the biological milieu, ways by which the latter influences such interaction, strategies by which milieu interference curtailing the function of drug carriers is circumvented and, more recently, with the application of drug carriers for the delivery of peptides and proteins. The present book contains the of the 7th NATO ASI "Targeting of Drugs: Advances in System Constructs", proceedings held in Cape Sounion during 24 June -5 July 1993. As the title implies, the book deals with a variety of approaches to carrier design or modification that contribute to optimal carrier function. to Mrs Concha Perring for her assistance with the We express our appreciation organization of the ASI. We thank Dr. G. Deliconstantinos who, as chairperson of the Local Committee, contributed to the success of the Institute. The ASI was held under the sponsorship of NATO Scientific Affairs Division and co-sponsored and generously financed by SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals (King of Prussia). Financial assistance was also provided by Liposome Technology Inc. (Menlo Park), Vestar Inc. (San Dimas) and Zeneka (Macclesfield).

Download or read book Oscillatory Event Related Brain Dynamics written by Christo Pantev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does the brain code and process incoming information, how does it recog nize a certain object, how does a certain Gestalt come into our awareness? One of the key issues to conscious realization of an object, of a Gestalt is the attention de voted to the corresponding sensory input which evokes the neural pattern underly ing the Gestalt. This requires that the attention be devoted to one set of objects at a time. However, the attention may be switched quickly between different objects or ongoing input processes. It is to be expected that such mechanisms are reflected in the neural dynamics: Neurons or neuronal assemblies which pertain to one object may fire, possibly in rapid bursts at a time. Such firing bursts may enhance the synaptic strength in the corresponding cell assembly and thereby form the substrate of short-term memory. However, we may well become aware of two different objects at a time. How can we avoid that the firing patterns which may relate to say a certain type of move ment (columns in V5) or to a color (V 4) of one object do not become mixed with those of another object? Such a blend may only happen if the presentation times be come very short (below 20-30 ms). One possibility is that neurons pertaining to one cell assembly fire syn chronously. Then different cell assemblies firing at different rates may code different information.

Download or read book Esterases Lipases and Phospholipases written by M.I. Mackness and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NATO-Advanced Research Workshop "Esterases, Lipases and Phospholipases: From Structure to Clinical Significance" was held at the University of Bordeaux II, France from 22nd- 24th September 1993 under the Directorship of Professor Michel Clerc of the University of Bordeaux II. The meeting was organised by Hugues Chap (INSERM U 326, Toulouse, France), Georges Ferard (University of Strasbourg, France), Wolfgang Junge (University of Kiel, Germany) and Michael Mackness (University of Manchester, UK). In recent years it has become increasingly apparent that hydrolytic enzymes of the esterase, lipase and phospholipase type play central roles in the pathophysiology of many human diseases. The purpose of this NATO-ARW was to bring together experts (both clinical and scientific) in all three interrelated fields to review the current basic and clinical position and discuss future developments particularly with respect to future research aimed at determining the basic biochemical lesion involving hydrolytic enzymes involved in human disease and the use of these enzymes in diagnosis. As well as formal lectures from established researchers, the meeting also involved a number of lively round-table discussions on future developments and presentations from younger research workers, all of which are recorded in this Proceedings and which contribute to the success of the meeting.

Download or read book Photobiology in Medicine written by Giulo Jori and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Man has recognised an association of light with life and medicine for over 3000 years. Today the major challenges to this topic include the elucidation of photochemical reactions involved in photobiology at the molecular level. This includes the use of a variety of modem probing techniques that directly measures the reactivity of excited states and free radicals involved in biological reactions. This text-book is based on such an approach and has arisen from some of the lectures delivered at the NATO ASI held at Hotel Capo Caccia near the Centre for Advanced Research in Photobiology (CARP) in Sardegia, Italy. The ASI took place from 30 September -13 October 1993 and involved a total membership of 90. The book, like the NATO ASI itself, is divided into four themes starting with fundamental aspects and ending with complex medically related systems. Thus Theme 1 covers aspects of the underlying photophysics and photochemistry with particular emphasis on modem experimental techniques to study molecular mechanisms of biological processes. Theme 2 applies many of these fundamental studies to the chemical reactions of most relevance to photobiology and photomedicine such as photo-addition, -isomerization, -sensitization and -pigmentation. The third and fourth Themes deal with the deleterious and therapeutic aspects of light with particular emphasis on the use of Photo-Dynamic Therapy (PDT) to treat cancer and on viral and micro bioi infections.

Download or read book Basic Mechanisms of Physiologic and Aberrant Lymphoproliferation in the Skin written by W.Clark Lambert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based upon a series of papers originally presented at a NATO Advanced Studies Workshop of the same title held at the study Center HI Cappuccini," a converted monastery in San Miniato, a small village located between Pisa and Florence, Italy, in October 1991. Authors were asked to submit their completed chapters by the following February; these were then scanned onto computer disks, edited and returned to the authors for final revision, and updating, with a final deadline of February 1993. The authors were encouraged to make whatever modifications they wanted, especially regarding updating their chapters, with an eye to making the final product both comprehensive and current. In this we succeeded beyond our expectations, with most chapters extensively altered and many completely re-written and significantly expanded. Thus, although the original meeting was held in 1991, the chapters in this volume may be regarded as current from at least February, 1993, with some of the final updated revisions received as late as July, 1993. This book, as agreed in our original contract, has been delivered to the publisher "camera-ready. " This means that all of the scanning, editing, proofing and typesetting were done here, by the office of the Department of Dermatology at the New Jersey Medical School. We essentially produced the book, which the publisher, for the most part, then photocopied. This has been an enormous burden, borne mainly by my colleague in this division, Robert A.

Download or read book Advances in Molecular Plant Nematology written by F. Lamberti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant parasitic nematodes are a main pest to crops. For ex am pie, the root-knot nematodes belonging to the genus Meloidogyne are worldwide in their distribution and attack almost every type of crop, causing considerable losses of yield and affecting quality of produce. The cyst nematodes within the genera Globodera and Heterodera constitute a major group of plant pathogens in many countries throughout the world, suppressing yields of potato, sugar beet, soybean and cereals. Several nematodes such as longidorids and trichodorids are implicated in the transmission of numerous plant viruses. Many others cause constraints to agricultural production either locally or on large areas. However, despite their economic importance (they account for worldwide crop reduction in excess of 10%), plant parasitic nematodes are still poorly understood, because most of them are obligate parasites of roots. Environmental concerns over the agricultural use of pesticides demand the development of alternative measures to control them. To achieve environmentally sound control, knowledge of the basic biology of nematodes must be expanded. Important research areas include understanding the molecular bases for pathogenicity, the molecular mechanisms of the host parasite interactions and the genetic bases for population fluctuations. The workshop has, for the first time, brought together an international group of researchers using molecular approaches to study plant parasitic nematodes and their host responses.

Download or read book Air Pollution the Automobile and Public Health written by Sponsored by The Health Effects Institute and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 703 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The combination of scientific and institutional integrity represented by this book is unusual. It should be a model for future endeavors to help quantify environmental risk as a basis for good decisionmaking." â€"William D. Ruckelshaus, from the foreword. This volume, prepared under the auspices of the Health Effects Institute, an independent research organization created and funded jointly by the Environmental Protection Agency and the automobile industry, brings together experts on atmospheric exposure and on the biological effects of toxic substances to examine what is knownâ€"and not knownâ€"about the human health risks of automotive emissions.

Download or read book Concepts of Epidemiology written by Raj S. Bhopal and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First edition published in 2002. Second edition published in 2008.

Download or read book Molecular Epidemiology written by Paul A. Schulte and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will serve as a primer for both laboratory and field scientists who are shaping the emerging field of molecular epidemiology. Molecular epidemiology utilizes the same paradigm as traditional epidemiology but uses biological markers to identify exposure, disease or susceptibility. Schulte and Perera present the epidemiologic methods pertinent to biological markers. The book is also designed to enumerate the considerations necessary for valid field research and provide a resource on the salient and subtle features of biological indicators.

Download or read book Patient Safety and Quality written by Ronda Hughes and published by Department of Health and Human Services. This book was released on 2008 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nurses play a vital role in improving the safety and quality of patient car -- not only in the hospital or ambulatory treatment facility, but also of community-based care and the care performed by family members. Nurses need know what proven techniques and interventions they can use to enhance patient outcomes. To address this need, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), with additional funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, has prepared this comprehensive, 1,400-page, handbook for nurses on patient safety and quality -- Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. (AHRQ Publication No. 08-0043)." - online AHRQ blurb, http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/nurseshdbk/