Download or read book Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation written by John M. Harris and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely recognized that spiral grain in trees severely reduces the value of sawn timber through warping and loss of strength, and that it also causes problems for other wood uses as diverse as transmission poles or plywood. Yet, paradoxically, there are highly valued grain patterns including wavy and interlocked grain, whose origins in the cambium invite direct comparison with those of spiral grain, so that many authorities believe them to be related phenomena. In recent years this concept has prompted extensive research into the anatomy, genetics, and physiology of all such grain patterns in wood. As a result it has become apparent that tree cambia provide excellent systems through which to study the origins of stem polarity and the complex processes of morphogenetic control in plants. Beside these and other pressing topics for research, the book examines methods of measuring grain deviations, and considers their influence on wood properties, on the economics of timber production, and on wood manufacturing.

Download or read book Spiral Grain in Wood written by Northcott, P. L and published by S.l. : Forestry Branch. This book was released on 1958 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Analysis of Spiral Grain in White Spruce written by Emily Franz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Spiral grain is a wood grain feature found sporadically in trees and has significant effect in sawn lumber and somewhat unknown effects in pulping. It does make up a portion of the harvested trees from a forest and therefore information relating to its fiber properties will be useful, particularly for pulping as its presence, if severe enough, typically renders the wood unusable for lumber. Spiral grain measurements and cores were made on 63 year old plantation white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) grown in Northwestern Ontario. Occurrence of spiral grain was established for two different tree spacing treatments. The highest occurrence of spiral grain occurred in the widest spacing of 3.6 m x 3.6 m. Furthermore it was discovered that spiral grain seems to limit the diameter growth in trees."-- from abstract.

Download or read book Committees on Spiral Grain and Heartwood Formation written by International Union of Forestry Research Organizations. Section 41. Working Groups of Wood Quality, Sawing and Machining, and Tree Chemistry and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Understanding Wood written by R. Bruce Hoadley and published by Taunton Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Instructs readers in the art of cutting, seasoning, machining, joining, and bending wood.

Download or read book Spiral Grain written by C. A. Wellner and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spiral Grain in Timber written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spiral Grain Patterns in Red Pine and Relationship of Age and Radial Growth Rate to Change of Grain Angle written by Arthur F. Noskowiak and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book American Woods written by Shelley E 1886- Schoonover and published by Hassell Street Press. This book was released on 2021-09-09 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Download or read book Wood written by Forest Products Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigating the Mechanisms of the Formation of Spiral Grain and Interlocked Grain in Wood written by Stephanie M. Dijkstra and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fracture and Fatigue in Wood written by Ian Smith and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-06-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Damage in wood is principally the result of fatigue. Fatigue is the process of progressive localised irreversible change in a material, and may culminate in cracks or complete fracture if conditions that initiated or propagated the process persist. Comprehensive understanding of fatigue and fracture in engineered wood components must be founded on a proper understanding of the damage processes. Although wood is the world's most widely used structural material, whether measured by volume consumed or value of finished construction, its behaviour is not well understood even by people who have spent their careers studying it. * What is known about failure processes comes almost entirely from empirical evidence collected for engineering purposes. * Hypotheses about behaviour of wood are based on macroscopic observation of specimens during and following tests. * With only limited resources and the need to obtain practical results quickly, the timber engineering research community has steered away from the scientific approach. * Forestry practices are changing and are known to influence characteristics of wood cells therefore there is a need to periodically reassess the mechanical properties of visually graded lumber the blackbox approach. Fatigue and Fracture of Wood examines the above issues from a scientific point of view by drawing on the authors' own research as well as previously published material. Unlike the empirical research, the book begins by examining growth of wood. It briefly examines its structure in relation to how trees grow, before assessing the fatigue and fracture of wood and discussing the scientific methods of modelling fatigue. * Covers from macro to micro behaviour of wood * Presents direct evidence of how wood fractures using Scanning Electron Microscopy * The first book to present a physically correct model for fracture in wood * Provides experimental proof of so-called memory in wood (i.e. dependence of fatigue behaviour on the loading sequence) * Givse practical illustrations of how theories and models can be applied in practice An essential resource for wood scientists/engineers, timber-engineering practitioners, and graduate students studying wood and solid mechanics.

Download or read book Age Dependence of Spiral Grain in White Oaks Quercus Alba in Southcentral Illinois written by Julia Rauchfuss and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Identifying Wood written by R. Bruce Hoadley and published by Taunton. This book was released on 1990 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the anatomy of trees and provides instructions for identifying the wood of nearly two hundred species

Download or read book Drying Hardwood Lumber written by Joseph Denig and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drying Hardwood Lumber focuses on common methods for drying lumber of different thickness, with minimal drying defects, for high quality applications. This manual also includes predrying treatments that, when part of an overall quality-oriented drying system, reduce defects and improve drying quality, especially of oak lumber. Special attention is given to drying white wood, such as hard maple and ash, without sticker shadow or other discoloration. Several special drying methods, such as solar drying, are described, and proper techniques for storing dried lumber are discussed. Suggestions are provided for ways to economize on drying costs by reducing drying time and energy demands when feasible. Each chapter is accompanied by a list of references. Some references are cited in the chapter; others are listed as additional sources of information.

Download or read book Spiral Grain and Annual Ring Width in Natural Unthinned Stands of Lodgepole Pine in North America Classic Reprint written by Peter Koch and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-02-27 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Spiral Grain and Annual Ring Width in Natural Unthinned Stands of Lodgepole Pine in North America Lodgepole pine products are said to be cross grained wherever the wood tracheids are not aligned parallel to product longitudinal axis. Cross grain can be caused by grain distortions around knots, by sawing crooked logs, and by sawing, edg ing, or ripping boards so that saw lines are not par allel to tracheid alignment. Logs having crook or pronounced taper, if rotary-cut, will produce cross grained veneer. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Design and Evaluation of an Automated Spiral Grain Angle Meter for Wood written by Yegang Huang and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: