Download or read book Specification of the Thickness of the Topside of the Ionosphere written by Richard S. Allen and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model is presented for the thickness of the electron density profile in the region above the F layer maximum. The model varies with time and solar conditions; it is specified by observations or predictions of the height of the F layer maximum; and it is independent of latitude. Results indicate that a mean thickness parameter can be estimated to within about 15 percent and that there is a useful reduction in the day to day variability.
Download or read book Specification of the Thickness of the Topside of the Ionosphere written by Richard S. Allen and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model is presented for the thickness of the electron density profile in the region above the F layer maximum. The model varies with time and solar conditions; it is specified by observations or predictions of the height of the F layer maximum; and it is independent of latitude. Results indicate that a mean thickness parameter can be estimated to within about 15 percent and that there is a useful reduction in the day to day variability.
Download or read book Path Toward Improved Ionosphere Specification and Forecast Models written by D. Bilitza and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air Force Surveys in Geophysics written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Research Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 1680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report on Research at AFCRL written by Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Considerations Relative to Adapting TRANSIT Observations to Predicting Radar Range Correction written by Allen, Richard S. and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uncertainties in the output data of SPACE TRACK radars caused by the variability of the ionosphere may be reduced 25 to 50 percent through the use of predictions of monthly median effects supplied by AWS/GWC. For some ADCOM missions this degree of correction is inadequate and a further reduction in error is necessary. This may be gained by using local measurements of ionospheric parameters, such as total electron content which may be obtained from TRANSIT satellite passes, to adapt the model ionosphere. An algorithm is proposed which uses data from sequential TRANSIT passes over a limited portion of the field of view of each ADCOM radar, to adapt the AWS/GWC prediction for the entire field of view. From the available TRANSIT data, it is estimated that the rms refraction error may be reduced by a factor of 3 to 4 by this technique. The principle problem which must be addressed by an adaptive technique is the inherent temporal and spatial variability of the ionosphere. The expected day-to-day variability is about 20 to 25 percent of the monthly median over a solar cycle for stations from the equator to auroral latitudes. In using TRANSIT data to adapt a local estimate of the ionospheric refraction correction, it is suggested that: 1. The adaptive techniques proposed, using TRANSIT data, should be tested against archive data. 2. Techniques using other sensors of the ionosphere, such as measurements of total electron content to synchronous satellites, should be developed and tested against archive data, and the results should be compared with the technique using TRANSIT data before a final method of correction is adapted. (Author).
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the world's literature on meteorology, climatology, atmospheric chemistry and physics, physical oceanography, hydrology, glaciology, and related environmental sciences.
Download or read book The Dynamical Ionosphere written by Massimo Materassi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-28 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dynamical Ionosphere: A Systems Approach to Ionospheric Irregularity examines the Earth’s ionosphere as a dynamical system with signatures of complexity. The system is robust in its overall configuration, with smooth space-time patterns of daily, seasonal and Solar Cycle variability, but shows a hierarchy of interactions among its sub-systems, yielding apparent unpredictability, space-time irregularity, and turbulence. This interplay leads to the need for constructing realistic models of the average ionosphere, incorporating the increasing knowledge and predictability of high variability components, and for addressing the difficulty of dealing with the worst cases of ionospheric disturbances, all of which are addressed in this interdisciplinary book. Borrowing tools and techniques from classical and stochastic dynamics, information theory, signal processing, fluid dynamics and turbulence science, The Dynamical Ionosphere presents the state-of-the-art in dealing with irregularity, forecasting ionospheric threats, and theoretical interpretation of various ionospheric configurations. Presents studies addressing Earth’s ionosphere as a complex dynamical system, including irregularities and radio scintillation, ionospheric turbulence, nonlinear time series analysis, space-ionosphere connection, and space-time structures Utilizes interdisciplinary tools and techniques, such as those associated with stochastic dynamics, information theory, signal processing, fluid dynamics and turbulence science Offers new data-driven models for different ionospheric variability phenomena Provides a synoptic view of the state-of-the-art and most updated theoretical interpretation, results and data analysis tools of the "worst case" behavior in ionospheric configurations
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1991-12 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government reports annual index written by and published by . This book was released on 199? with total page 1120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book R D Abstracts written by Technology Reports Centre (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book GPS and GNSS Technology in Geosciences written by George P. Petropoulos and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-02-18 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GPS and GNSS Technology in Geosciences offers an interdisciplinary approach to applying advances in GPS/GNSS technology for geoscience research and practice. As GPS/GNSS signals can be used to provide useful information about the Earth’s surface characteristics and land surface composition, GPS equipment and services for commercial purposes continues to grow, thus resulting in new expectations and demands. This book provides case studies for a deeper understanding of the operation and principles of widely applied approaches and the benefits of the technology in everyday research and activities. Presents processing, methods and techniques of GPS/GNSS implementation that are utilized in in-situ data collection in design and systems analysis Offers an all-inclusive, critical overview of the state-of-the-art in different algorithms and techniques in GPS/GNSS Addresses both theoretical and applied research contributions on the use of this technology in a variety of geoscience disciplines
Download or read book The Prediction of Ionospheric Conditions written by G.S. Ivanov-Kholodny and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ionosphere of the Earth has been actively studied since the 1920's, following the discovery of ground radio-sounding. By means of this method results were ohtained by an international network of ionospheric stations, in particular, by the successful implementation of a number of rigorously planned international scientific research programs,'" enabling the collection of extensive experimental material on some of the most important parameters of the ionosphere - the critical freLjuencies of E-, Fl and F2-layers. Comprehensive analyses of these observation data give a fairly complete picture of the various changes taking place in the principal ionospheric layers at different points on our globe. Another important aspect of the study of the ionosphere, which has been in progress for the past three decades, is an extensive program of in situ determinations of the various physical parameters - first using rockets, and subsequently artificial satellites. The data thus obtained on the principal ionizing agent - short-wave solar radiation - and on the physical conditions prevailing in the upper atmosphere and in the ionosphere at different altitudes, allow the proposal of a self-consistent mechanism of ionosphere formation. A general outline of the theory of ionosphere formation at different altitudes is now complete. Its application to specific cases, dependent on a more accurate determination of input parameters to give solutions valid for a definite set of conditions etc., is yet to be accomplished. The use of artificial satellites in cosmic research yielded abundant scientific data.
