Download or read book Sources of Coherence in Reading written by Robert Frederick Lorch and published by Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc Incorporated. This book was released on 1995-01 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last 20 years, there has been an enormous amount of research examining sources of coherence in reading. A major tenet of this work has been the distinction between two major sources of coherence. "Text-based" sources of coherence are contained within the text itself -- use of headings to indicate aspects of a text's macrostructure; "reader-based" sources of coherence encompass the information and strategies that the reader brings to the comprehension process. Many early models of reading comprehension emphasized text-based sources of coherence as a way of understanding how a representation of the text is constructed in memory. However, during the last decade, there has been a clear shift of theoretical perspective away from viewing reading comprehension as a process of representing a text to viewing comprehension as a process of representing what a text is about. This has led to a greater emphasis on reader-based sources of coherence. The purpose of this book is to bring together the large body of evidence addressing the roles of text-based and reader-based sources of coherence in reading comprehension. The contributors present the current state of cognitive theory and research on comprehension of discourse.
Download or read book Sources of Coherence in Reading written by Robert Frederick Lorch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1995 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1995. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Sources of Coherence in Text Comprehension written by E. O'Brian and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inferences during Reading written by Edward J. O'Brien and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-16 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inferencing is defined as 'the act of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true', and it is one of the most important processes necessary for successful comprehension during reading. This volume features contributions by distinguished researchers in cognitive psychology, educational psychology, and neuroscience on topics central to our understanding of the inferential process during reading. The chapters cover aspects of inferencing that range from the fundamental bottom-up processes that form the basis for an inference to occur, to the more strategic processes that transpire when a reader is engaged in literary understanding of a text. Basic activation mechanisms, word-level inferencing, methodological considerations, inference validation, causal inferencing, emotion, development of inferences processes as a skill, embodiment, contributions from neuroscience, and applications to naturalistic text are all covered as well as expository text, online learning materials, and literary immersion.
Download or read book New perspectives on cohesion and coherence written by Katrin Menzel and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2017-06-23 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributions to this volume investigate relations of cohesion and coherence as well as instantiations of discourse phenomena and their interaction with information structure in multilingual contexts. Some contributions concentrate on procedures to analyze cohesion and coherence from a corpus-linguistic perspective. Others have a particular focus on textual cohesion in parallel corpora that include both originals and translated texts. Additionally, the papers in the volume discuss the nature of cohesion and coherence with implications for human and machine translation. The contributors are experts on discourse phenomena and textuality who address these issues from an empirical perspective. The chapters in this volume are grounded in the latest research making this book useful to both experts of discourse studies and computational linguistics, as well as advanced students with an interest in these disciplines. We hope that this volume will serve as a catalyst to other researchers and will facilitate further advances in the development of cost-effective annotation procedures, the application of statistical techniques for the analysis of linguistic phenomena and the elaboration of new methods for data interpretation in multilingual corpus linguistics and machine translation.
Download or read book Rethinking Reading Comprehension written by Anne P. Sweet and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2003-04-30 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical book grows out of a recent report written by the RAND Reading Study Group (RRSG), which proposed a national research agenda in the area of reading comprehension. Here, RRSG members have expanded on their findings and translated them into clear recommendations to inform practice. Teachers gain the latest knowledge about how students learn to comprehend texts and what can be done to improve the quality of instruction in this essential domain. From leading literacy scholars, the book explains research-based ways to: *Plan effective instruction for students at all grade levels *Meet the comprehension needs of English-language learners *Promote adolescents' comprehension of subject-area texts *Understand the complexities of comprehension assessment *Get optimal benefits from instructional technologies *And much more!
Download or read book Reading the Book of Jeremiah written by Martin Kessler and published by Eisenbrauns. This book was released on 2004 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ferment is the correct word by which to characterize current Jeremiah studies, a deep and broad stirring that relies on previous scholarship but that seeks to move beyond that scholarship in bold and new ways. This collection of fine essays not only reflects that ferment but in important ways contributes to it and advances the discussion. Most broadly, the current discussion seeks to move beyond the historical-critical categories of Sigmund Mowinckel and Bernhard Duhm and the classic formulation of three sources, A, B, and C. In Jeremiah as in other parts of biblical scholarship, the new questions concern the inadequacy of historical-critical readings of a positivistic kind and the prospect of synchronic readings, either through ideological analysis that seeks to show that ideology shapes the book, or through canonical readings that find a large theological intentionality to the whole of the book. It turns out, perforce, that ideological and canonical readings are closely twinned in their judgment about the literature. This present collection, which includes both new voices and some of the established major players in the discussion, merits important attention." From the preface, by Walter Brueggemann
Download or read book Effects of Executive Cognitive Resources on Coherence of Reading Recall for Brief Scientific Texts written by Kari Stouffer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High level reading comprehension is a process that results in a reader’s semantic interpretation of a text, or mental model of that text, referred to as the “reader’s situation model.” Individual differences in readers’ verbal working memory resources, as measured by reading span tasks (RST), and operation span tasks (OST), have shown to influence the construction and coherence quality of the reader’s situation model. Recent theories of semantic reading comprehension suggest that individual differences in other cognitive resources, including cognitive flexibility or “set shifting,” may also influence the construction and coherence quality of readers’ mental representations of texts. This dissertation consists of three experiments and two correlation studies, which examine relationships between college student participants’ non-verbal cognitive flexibility resources, verbal cognitive flexibility resources, verbal working memory resources and prior domain knowledge on the semantic content and semantic coherence of their immediate recall of information contained in brief scientific texts. Experiment 1 showed no main effect of non-verbal cognitive flexibility resources as measured by the standardized WCST, on readers’ recall of total text propositions in a scientific, causally connected text. Further, Experiment 1 showed no main effect of non-verbal cognitive flexibility on readers’ recall of the most salient “coherence relevant” propositions in the scientific, causally connected text. Experiment 2 introduced a new measurement tool for assessing verbal cognitive flexibility resources, referred to as the Verbal WCST. Experiment 2 showed a main effect of verbal cognitive flexibility on readers’ recall of total text propositions of the same scientific text used in Experiment 1. Further, Experiment 2 showed a main effect of verbal cognitive flexibility on readers’ recall of the most salient “coherence relevant” propositions of the same scientific text used in Experiment 1 (Stouffer, Ghiasinejad & Golden, 2014). Experiment 3 was a correlation study that compared one group of participants’ performance on the standardized WCST and their performance on the VWCST. Results of Experiment 3 revealed a moderate positive correlation between the WCST and the VWCST. Experiment 4 examined the effects of individual differences of verbal cognitive flexibility and individual differences of verbal working memory on the immediate recall of brief scientific texts that were intentionally disrupted by information topic shifts. In Experiment 4, verbal cognitive flexibility was operationalized by the VWCST and verbal working memory was operationalized by the Swanson Operation Span Task (OST). Results of Experiment 4 showed a main effect of verbal cognitive flexibility and a main effect of verbal working memory on three dependent variables, which together, measured the quality and quantity of semantic coherence relations in participants’ immediate recall of texts for the reading condition, “High-frequency information topic shifts.” Further, Experiment 4 showed main effects of verbal cognitive flexibility and verbal working memory on the three dependent variables, which measured the quality and quantity of semantic coherence relations in participants’ immediate recall of texts for the reading condition, “Low-frequency information topic shifts.” Experiment 5 was designed to check that the semantic relatedness assumptions of the experimental texts used in Experiment 4 were valid. Results of Experiment 5 demonstrated that participants’ judgments of semantic relatedness between sentence pairs were consistent with experimenters’ judgments of semantic relatedness between sentence pairs. A general discussion follows, which highlights the relationship between the construction of semantic structures in a situation model and “discourse cognitive flexibility” and relationship of verbal cognitive flexibility and verbal working memory to discourse cognitive flexibility in scientific reading comprehension. Evidence for a partial dissociation of working memory and cognitive flexibility, are presented and discussed, in conjunction with results of recent neuroscience research..
Download or read book Cohesion Coherence and Temporal Reference from an Experimental Corpus Pragmatics Perspective written by Cristina Grisot and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-06 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book provides new methodological and theoretical insights into temporal reference and its linguistic expression, from a cross-linguistic experimental corpus pragmatics approach. Verbal tenses, in general, and more specifically the categories of tense, grammatical and lexical aspect are treated as cohesion ties contributing to the temporal coherence of a discourse, as well as to the cognitive temporal coherence of the mental representations built in the language comprehension process. As such, it investigates the phenomenon of temporal reference at the interface between corpus linguistics, theoretical linguistics and pragmatics, experimental pragmatics, psycholinguistics, natural language processing and machine translation.
Download or read book Introduction to Psycholinguistics written by Matthew J. Traxler and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-14 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook offers a cutting edge introduction to psycholinguistics, exploring the cognitive processes underlying language acquisition and use. Provides a step-by-step tour through language acquisition, production, and comprehension, from the word level to sentences and dialogue Incorporates both theory and data, including in-depth descriptions of the experimental evidence behind theories Incorporates a comprehensive review of research in bilingual language processing, sign language, reading, and the neurological basis of language production and comprehension Approaches the subject from a range of perspectives, including psychology, linguistics, philosophy, computer science, neurology, and neurophysiology Includes a full program of resources for instructors and students, including review exercises, a test bank, and lecture slides, available online at www.wiley.com/go/traxler
Download or read book Coherence in Spontaneous Text written by Morton Ann Gernsbacher and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1995-03-23 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main theme running through this volume is that coherence is a mental phenomenon rather than a property of the spoken or written text, or of the social situation. Coherence emerges during speech production-and-comprehension, allowing the speech receiver to form roughly the same episodic representation as the speech producer had in mind. In producing and comprehending a text, be it spoken or written, the interlocutors collaborate towards coherence. They negotiate for a common ground of shared topicality, reference and thematic structure – thus toward a similar mental representation of the text. In conversation, the negotiation takes place between the present participants. In writing or oral narrative, the negotiation takes place in the mind of the text producer, between the text producer and his/her mental representation of the mind of the absent or inactive interlocutor. The cognitive mechanisms that underlie face-to-face communication thus continue to shape text production and comprehension in non-interactive contexts.Most of the papers in this volume were originally presented at the Symposium on Coherence in Spontaneous Text, held at the University of Oregon in the spring of 1992.
Download or read book Coherence Marking Comprehension and Persuasion written by Judith Maria Helena Kamalski and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reading Talmudic Sources as Arguments written by Yuval Blankovsky and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-09-07 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reading Talmudic Sources as Arguments: A New Interpretive Approach elucidates the unique characteristics of Talmudic discourse culture. Applying a linguistic approach combined with Quentin Skinner’s philosophy of meaning, the book reveals the function of tradition in Talmudic deliberation.
Download or read book The Construction of Mental Representations During Reading written by Herre van Oostendorp and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1998-11-01 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents in-depth investigations of the processes of meaning-making during reading at both local (discourse) and global (general knowledge) levels. It considerably extends our knowledge of how mental representations are constructed and updated during reading. The book also provides insight into the process of representation construction by using online measures and relating this process with final memory representations; provides detailed models of these processes; pays attention to the coordination of multiple representations constructed; focuses on the monitoring and updating of mental representations; and applies all this knowledge to richer and more complicated texts than are often used in laboratories.
Download or read book Narrative Comprehension Causality and Coherence written by Susan R. Goldman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1999-08-01 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an excellent overview of the field of discourse processes, capturing both its breadth and its depth. World-renowned researchers present the latest theoretical developments and thought-provoking empirical data. In doing so, they cover a broad range of communicative activities, including text comprehension, conversational communication, argumentation, television or media viewing, and more. A central theme across all chapters concerns the notion that coherence determines the interpretation of the communication. The various chapters illustrate the many forms that coherence can take, and explore its role in different communicative settings.
Download or read book Building Coherence and Cohesion written by María Teresa Taboada and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the resources that speakers employ when building conversations. These resources contribute to overall coherence and cohesion, which speakers create and maintain interactively as they build on each other s contributions. The study is cross-linguistic, drawing on parallel corpora of task-oriented dialogues between dyads of native speakers of English and Spanish. The framework of the investigation is the analysis of speech genres and their staging; the analysis shows that each stage in the dialogues exhibits different thematic, rhetorical, and cohesive relations. The main contributions of the book are: a corpus-based characterization of a spoken genre (task-oriented dialogue); the compilation of a body of analysis tools for generic analysis; application of English-based analyses to Spanish and comparison between the two languages; and a study of the characteristics of each generic stage in task-oriented dialogue.
Download or read book Situation Models and Levels of Coherence written by Isabelle Tapiero and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-07-12 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mental representation of what one reads is called a "situation model" or a "mental model." The process of reading causes an interaction of the new knowledge with what is already known. Though a number of theories and models have been proposed to describe this interaction, Tapiero proposes a new model that assumes a variety of storage areas to p
