Download or read book Soot Volume Fraction Imaging written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by . This book was released on 2018-10-21 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new technique is described for the full-field determination of soot volume fractions via laser extinction measurements. This technique differs from previously reported point-wise methods in that a two-dimensional array (i.e., image) of data is acquired simultaneously. In this fashion, the net data rate is increased, allowing the study of time-dependent phenomena and the investigation of spatial and temporal correlations. A telecentric imaging configuration is employed to provide depth-invariant magnification and to permit the specification of the collection angle for scattered light. To improve the threshold measurement sensitivity, a method is employed to suppress undesirable coherent imaging effects. A discussion of the tomographic inversion process is provided, including the results obtained from numerical simulation. Results obtained with this method from an ethylene diffusion flame are shown to be in close agreement with those previously obtained by sequential point-wise interrogation. Greenberg, Paul S. and Ku, Jerry C. Glenn Research Center NAG3-1265...
Download or read book Imaging Measurements of Soot Particle Size and Soot Volume Fraction with Laser induced Incandescence at Diesel Engine Conditions written by Emre Cenker and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Simultaneous Optical Measurement of Soot Volume Fraction and Temperature written by M. Y. Choi and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Temperature Oxygen and Soot Volume Fraction Measurements in a Turbulent C2H4 Fueled Jet Flame written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present a detailed set of measurements from a piloted, sooting, turbulent C 2 H 4 - fueled diffusion flame. Hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) is used to monitor temperature and oxygen, while laser-induced incandescence (LII) is applied for imaging of the soot volume fraction in the challenging jet-flame environment at Reynolds number, Re = 20,000. Single-laser shot results are used to map the mean and rms statistics, as well as probability densities. LII data from the soot-growth region of the flame are used to benchmark the soot source term for one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) modeling of this turbulent flame. The ODT code is then used to predict temperature and oxygen fluctuations higher in the soot oxidation region higher in the flame.
Download or read book Applied Combustion Diagnostics written by Katharina Kohse-Hoinghaus and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-04-26 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The editors have assembled a world-class group of contributors who address the questions the combustion diagnostic community faces. They are chemists who identify the species to be measured and the interfering substances that may be present; physicists, who push the limits of laser spectroscopy and laser devices and who conceive suitable measuremen
Download or read book Laser Induced Incandescence Imaging for the Investigation of Soot Formation in Laminar Flames written by Robert Gray Roy and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The burner being characterised by a standard setup allows for comparison when using a different excitation source, a long-pulsed fibre laser. Using a long pulse fibre laser has benefits and it is shown in this work that it is possible to get a comparable result with LII centre line height above burner (HAB) profiles matching. Modelling also allows for comparisons and understanding on how the laser temporal and spatial profile can affect the LII signal.The rise of the interest in sustainable energy generation has led to the increase of using alternative fuel sources such as biofuels. Using the method developed it was possible to record soot volume fraction images within a wick diffusion flame which used a selection of biofuels and show improvement on previously published temporal profiles produced in these flames. The sooting propensity of each fuel was able to be characterised more accurately using spatially resolved profiles over temporally measured profile.
Download or read book Detailed Studies of Soot Formation in Laminar Diffusion Flames for Application to Modeling Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation of soot formation in laminar diffusion flames showed that soot particle surface growth under laminar diffusion flame conditions ceases because of the depletion of hydrocarbon species and not soot particle reactivity loss due to thermal aging of the particles. This result was obtained through direct species concentration measurements under well-controlled conditions, while the particle reactivity effects were calculated based on premixed flame results along with particle temperature/time information available from earlier laminar diffusion flame studies. Comparisons with a soot formation model which incorporated detailed chemistry effects showed good agreement in terms of predicted and measured species concentration and soot particle field evolution. In addition, a novel technique for measuring soot volume fraction was developed based on laser-induced incandescence and was successfully applied to similar laminar diffusion flame studies. This technique was extended to droplet and turbulent diffusion flame conditions where a two-dimensional imaging approach was employed to measure soot volume fraction. Finally, the complete data set from these studies was assembled in a form suitable for dissemination on computer diskettes throughout the research community for comparison with modeling efforts.
Download or read book Combustion Optimization Based on Computational Intelligence written by Hao Zhou and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest findings on the subject of combustion optimization based on computational intelligence. It covers a broad range of topics, including the modeling of coal combustion characteristics based on artificial neural networks and support vector machines. It also describes the optimization of combustion parameters using genetic algorithms or ant colony algorithms, an online coal optimization system, etc. Accordingly, the book offers a unique guide for researchers in the areas of combustion optimization, NOx emission control, energy and power engineering, and chemical engineering.
Download or read book Simultaneous Optical Measurement of Soot Volume Fraction and Temperature in Premixed Flames written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurement of Soot Volume Fraction in Counter Flow Oxygen Flames written by Wilson Eduardo Merchan-Merchan and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In situ Measurement of Line of sight Soot Volume Fraction by Laser Light Extinction in a Combustion Wind Tunnel written by Steven George Hall and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optical Metrology for Fluids Combustion and Solids written by Carolyn Mercer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical Metrology for Fluids, Combustion and Solids is the first practical handbook that presents the assemblage of the techniques necessary to provide a basic understanding of optical measurement for fluids, combustion, and solids. The use of light as a measurement tool has grown over the past twenty years from a narrowly specialized activity to a mainstay of modern research today. Until recently, the knowledge that could be extracted from the light interaction of light with physical objects was limited to specialized activities. The invention of the laser, the computer and microelectronics has enabled a measurement revolution such that virtually every parameter of engineering interest can be measured using the minimally intrusive properties of light. The authors of this book's chapters are leaders in this revolution. They work on the front lines of research in government, industry, and universities, inventing yet more ways to harness the power of light for the generation of knowledge.
Download or read book Laser Imaging of Chemistry flowfield Interactions written by Joel E. Harrington and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Models of detailed flame chemistry and soot formation are based upon experimental results obtained in steady, laminar flames. For successful application of these descriptions to turbulent combustion, it is instructive to test predictions against measurements in time-varying flowfields. This paper reports the use of optical methods to examine soot production and oxidation processes in a co-flowing, axisymmetric CH(4)/air diffusion flame in which the fuel flow rate is acoustically forced to create a time-varying flowfield. For a particular forcing condition in which tip clipping occurs (0.75 V loudspeaker excitation), elastic scattering of vertically polarized light from the soot particles increases by nearly an order of magnitude with respect to that observed for a steady flame with the same mean fuel flow rate. The visible flame luminosity and laser-induced fluorescence attributed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are also enhanced. Peak soot volume fractions, as measured by time-resolved laser extinction/tomography at 632.8 and 454.5 mm and calibrated laser-induced incandescence (LII), show a factor of 4-5 enhancement in this flickering flame. The LII method is found to track the soot volume fraction closely and to give better signal-to-noise than the extinction measurements in both the steady and time-varying flowfields. A Mie analysis suggests that most of the enhanced soot production results from the formation of larger particles in the time-varying flowfield.
Download or read book Soot Formation in Turbulent Combusting Flows written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated the effects of turbulence on the spatial distribution of the soot particle and OH fields in turbulent C2H4 air/jet diffusion flames. Measurements obtained using planar laser-induced incandescence (LII) for soot volume fraction and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) for both OH, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) formed the basis for investigating soot formation and destruction processes in these flames. These laser-based techniques were applied to the flame independently as well as simultaneously. Extensive information on the structure of the soot and OH fields was obtained from two-dimensional imaging experiments. Imaging results for soot, OH and PAH indicated three distinct soot formation/oxidation regions; a rapid soot growth region, in which OH and soot particles lie in distinctly different radial locations; a mixing dominated region controlled by large-scale fluid motion; and, finally, a soot oxidation region in which the OH and soot fields overlap spatially, resulting in the rapid oxidation of soot particles. Detailed quantitative analyses including soot volume fraction, OH and soot zone thickness variations, and probabilities distributions for soot and OH were performed. The measurements of soot and OH zone thickness showed that the soot zone thickness varied nearly linearly in the formation region, while approximately a doubling of thickness of the OH zone was evident over the studied Reynolds number range (4000-23000). The probability density function results tor soot, OH, and PAH indicated that OH and PAH are spatially interrelated with respect to soot formation and oxidation processes.
Download or read book Atlas of Visualization written by Yasuki Nakayama and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-05-29 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visualization is a novel interdisciplinary science for making any phenomenon clear by visualizing the invisible using computer techniques. It covers such diverse phenomena as fluid flow, heat and mass transfer, sound, electromagnetism, and chemical change and its combinations. The Atlas of Visualization, II presents the latest advances in visualization techniques, image processing, computer graphics, and visualization of measured and compound results. Focusing on both experimental and computer-aided visualization, this encyclopedic resource discusses all aspects of this new and evolving science.
Download or read book Engine Combustion Instrumentation and Diagnostics written by Hua Zhao and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2001-01-30 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a complete description of instrumentation and in-cylinder measurement techniques for internal combustion engines. Written primarily for researchers and engineers involved in advanced research and development of internal combustion engines, the book provides an introduction to the instrumentation and experimental techniques, with particular emphasis on diagnostic techniques for in-cylinder measurements.
Download or read book Optical Diagnostics for Flow Processes written by P. Buchhave and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origin of optical methods for fluid flow investigations appears to be nontraceable. This is no matter for surprise. After all seeing provides the most direct and common way for humans to learn about their environment. But at the same time some of the most sophisticated methods for doing measurements in fluids are also based on light and often laser light. A very large amount of material has been published in this area over the last two decades. Why then another publication? Well, the field is still in a state of rapid development. It is characterised by the use of results and methods developed within very different areas like optical physics, spectroscopy, communication systems, electronics and computer science, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering and, of course, fluid dynamics. We are not aware of a book containing both introductory and more advanced material that covers the same material as presented here. The book is the result of a compilation and expansion of material presented at a summer school on Optical Diagnosticsfor Flow Processes,held at RiS0 National Laboratory and the Technical University of Denmark in September 1993. The aim of the course was to provide a solid background for understanding, evaluating, and using modem optical diagnostic methods, addressing Ph. D. students and researchers active in areas of fluid flow research. The disciplines represented by the participants ranged from atmospheric fluid dynamics to biomedicine.
