Download or read book Some Studies of Categorical Perception written by Gregory Wayne Cermak and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Categorical Perception written by Stevan R. Harnad and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990-07-27 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do we sort the objects, people, events, and ideas in the world into their proper categories so that we may experience and interact with them? This fundamental question about human--and animal--perception and cognition is the subject of Categorical Perception, a comprehensive survey of a wide range of important research findings on the subject. The volume brings together all known examples of categorical perception, from research on humans and animals, infants and adults, in all the sense modalities: hearing, seeing, and touch. The perceptual findings are then interpreted in terms of the available cognitive and neuroscientific theories of how categorical perception is accomplished by the brain. Research on elementary perceptual and psychophysical categories is then compared with work on higher order categories such as objects, patterns, and abstract concepts. The book proceeds to an integrative view of categorization in general by exploring the most thoroughly investigated case of categorical perception--speech perception.
Download or read book Speech Perception Production and Acquisition written by Huei‐Mei Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-14 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses important issues of speech processing and language learning in Chinese. It highlights perception and production of speech in healthy and clinical populations and in children and adults. This book provides diverse perspectives and reviews of cutting-edge research in past decades on how Chinese speech is processed and learned. Along with each chapter, future research directions have been discussed. With these unique features and the broad coverage of topics, this book appeals to not only scholars and students who study speech perception in preverbal infants and in children and adults learning Chinese, but also to teachers with interests in pedagogical applications in teaching Chinese as Second Language.
Download or read book Categorical Perception as a Function of Stimulus Quality written by A.J. van Hessen and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Categorical Perception Theory and Experimental Research in Music written by Alice K. Hunt and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acquired Categorical Perception Learning Object Categories and Categorical Bounds written by James McDowell Beale and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the whole, the studies reported here demonstrate that categorical perception effects are much more general than has commonly been believed and can occur in apparently similar ways at dramatically different levels of processing. The implications of these results for the nature of category formation and structure are discussed within the context of a general theory of knowledge and its acquisition.
Download or read book The Handbook of Speech Perception written by David Pisoni and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Speech Perception is a collection of forward-looking articles that offer a summary of the technical and theoretical accomplishments in this vital area of research on language. Now available in paperback, this uniquely comprehensive companion brings together in one volume the latest research conducted in speech perception Contains original contributions by leading researchers in the field Illustrates technical and theoretical accomplishments and challenges across the field of research and language Adds to a growing understanding of the far-reaching relevance of speech perception in the fields of phonetics, audiology and speech science, cognitive science, experimental psychology, behavioral neuroscience, computer science, and electrical engineering, among others.
Download or read book Categorical and Non categorical Perception of Faces written by A. J. Calder and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Psycholinguistics written by Michael Spivey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-20 with total page 1297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our ability to speak, write, understand speech and read is critical to our ability to function in today's society. As such, psycholinguistics, or the study of how humans learn and use language, is a central topic in cognitive science. This comprehensive handbook is a collection of chapters written not by practitioners in the field, who can summarize the work going on around them, but by trailblazers from a wide array of subfields, who have been shaping the field of psycholinguistics over the last decade. Some topics discussed include how children learn language, how average adults understand and produce language, how language is represented in the brain, how brain-damaged individuals perform in terms of their language abilities and computer-based models of language and meaning. This is required reading for advanced researchers, graduate students and upper-level undergraduates who are interested in the recent developments and the future of psycholinguistics.
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Experimental Syntax written by Grant Goodall and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-09 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental syntax is an area that is rapidly growing as linguistic research becomes increasingly focused on replicable language data, in both fieldwork and laboratory environments. The first of its kind, this handbook provides an in-depth overview of current issues and trends in this field, with contributions from leading international scholars. It pays special attention to sentence acceptability experiments, outlining current best practices in conducting tests, and pointing out promising new avenues for future research. Separate sections review research results from the past 20 years, covering specific syntactic phenomena and language types. The handbook also outlines other common psycholinguistic and neurolinguistic methods for studying syntax, comparing and contrasting them with acceptability experiments, and giving useful perspectives on the interplay between theoretical and experimental linguistics. Providing an up-to-date reference on this exciting field, it is essential reading for students and researchers in linguistics interested in using experimental methods to conduct syntactic research.
Download or read book Perception and Experience written by H. Pick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, significant, indeed dramatic, advances have occurred in the study of perception. These have been made possible by, and, in fact, in clude methodological advances such as the development of signal detection theory and the application of linear systems analysis to auditory and visual per ception. They are reflected in an interest in the study of ecologically valid perceptual problems, e. g. , control of locomotion, speech perception, reading, perceptual-motor coordination, and perception of events. At the same time, exciting new insights have been gained to some of the classical problems of perception-stereoscopic vision, color vision, attention, position constancy, to mention a few. A broad, comparative approach to perception has also been taken. This approach, which includes the detailed study of human infant per ception as well as cross-cultural and cross-species investigations, has given us a very broad perspective of the perceptual process. In this context, the present volume inaugurates a new series entitled' 'Per ception and Perceptual Development: A Critical Review Series. " The editors are particularly gratified by the enthusiastic support for their ideas by Seymour Weingarten of Plenum Press. He and the editorial staff of Plenum Press have been of immense help in initiating the series as well as helping with the details of this first volume.
Download or read book The Myth of Mirror Neurons The Real Neuroscience of Communication and Cognition written by Gregory Hickok and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2014-08-18 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential reconsideration of one of the most far-reaching theories in modern neuroscience and psychology. In 1992, a group of neuroscientists from Parma, Italy, reported a new class of brain cells discovered in the motor cortex of the macaque monkey. These cells, later dubbed mirror neurons, responded equally well during the monkey’s own motor actions, such as grabbing an object, and while the monkey watched someone else perform similar motor actions. Researchers speculated that the neurons allowed the monkey to understand others by simulating their actions in its own brain. Mirror neurons soon jumped species and took human neuroscience and psychology by storm. In the late 1990s theorists showed how the cells provided an elegantly simple new way to explain the evolution of language, the development of human empathy, and the neural foundation of autism. In the years that followed, a stream of scientific studies implicated mirror neurons in everything from schizophrenia and drug abuse to sexual orientation and contagious yawning. In The Myth of Mirror Neurons, neuroscientist Gregory Hickok reexamines the mirror neuron story and finds that it is built on a tenuous foundation—a pair of codependent assumptions about mirror neuron activity and human understanding. Drawing on a broad range of observations from work on animal behavior, modern neuroimaging, neurological disorders, and more, Hickok argues that the foundational assumptions fall flat in light of the facts. He then explores alternative explanations of mirror neuron function while illuminating crucial questions about human cognition and brain function: Why do humans imitate so prodigiously? How different are the left and right hemispheres of the brain? Why do we have two visual systems? Do we need to be able to talk to understand speech? What’s going wrong in autism? Can humans read minds? The Myth of Mirror Neurons not only delivers an instructive tale about the course of scientific progress—from discovery to theory to revision—but also provides deep insights into the organization and function of the human brain and the nature of communication and cognition.
Download or read book Second Language Speech Learning written by Ratree Wayland and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-04 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Including contributions from a team of world-renowned international scholars, this volume is a state-of-the-art survey of second language speech research, showcasing new empirical studies alongside critical reviews of existing influential speech learning models. It presents a revised version of Flege's Speech Learning Model (SLM-r) for the first time, an update on a cornerstone of second language research. Chapters are grouped into five thematic areas: theoretical progress, segmental acquisition, acquiring suprasegmental features, accentedness and acoustic features, and cognitive and psychological variables. Every chapter provides new empirical evidence, offering new insights as well as challenges on aspects of the second language speech acquisition process. Comprehensive in its coverage, this book summarises the state of current research in second language phonology, and aims to shape and inspire future research in the field. It is an essential resource for academic researchers and students of second language acquisition, applied linguistics and phonetics and phonology.
Download or read book Infant Pathways to Language written by John Colombo and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2008-10-15 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent progress in cognitive neuroscience, and the importance of genetic factors and gene-environment interactions in shaping behavioral functions in early childhood, have both underscored the primacy of early experience and development on brain development and function.The contributors to this volume discuss different paradigms and approaches
Download or read book Categorical Perception and Absolute Pitch written by Georgina Bernice Harris and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How and why Does Category Learning Cause Categorical Perception Behavioural Neural and Computational Aspects written by Fernanda Pérez Gay Juarez and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Categorical Perception (CP) occurs when our categories influence our perception, making members of the same category look more alike (compression) and members of different categories look more different (separation). It is known that CP occurs innately for colors, phonemes and facial expressions, and it is now emerging that categorical perception can also be induced by category learning. In this thesis, we report a series of experiments in which we induced CP effects by training human participants to sort multifeatured visual stimuli into two categories by trial and error. To measure CP, we compared subjects' dissimilarity judgements before and after the categorization training. The categorization tasks and stimuli varied in degree of difficulty, defined a-priori as the proportion of stimuli features that co-varied with category membership (the smaller the proportion of co-varying features, the harder the task). The visual stimuli used in the first and second manuscripts were black and white squared shaped textures, composed of distributed features; in our third manuscript, we used line-drawings of fish with local, shape-based features. Overall, the results of the reported experiments show positive evidence for changes in perception after having learned a visual category. The mechanisms behind these changes were assessed with analyses of underlying brain activity (Event Related Potentials) and cognitive modeling with Artificial Neural Networks. The first manuscript reports behavioral indices of category learning and learned CP effects -separation and compression- in three separate experiments with human subjects and sketches a simple neural network model for category learning that showed similar CP effects. While the nets showed a strong negative correlation between the proportion of covariant features and the task difficulty, this correlation was not evident in the human participants. We concluded that, unlike the nets, the human visual system does not treat the visual features equally, some of them being more salient than others. The second manuscript reports changes in early and late components of the visual ERP after having learned to categorize the stimuli: A decrease in the occipital N1, related to selective attention and feature extraction, and an increase in the parietal Late Positive Component (LPC), associated with memory-related judgements, decision accuracy and response confidence. We also report two significant correlations: one between the amplitude of the N1 after having learned the categories and the degree of separation and another one between the amplitude of the LPC and the response accuracy during the categorization task. We interpret the changes on the N1 as related to the mechanisms behind the perceptual change after learning a category, while the changes on the LPC would account for later-stage cognitive processing affected by category learning. Finally, our third manuscript reports learned CP effects and its electrophysiological correlates for a different kind of stimuli: fish with shape-based local features. After learning, we observed both compression and separation and also changes in early and late components of the visual ERP. While the LPC showed the same pattern as in Manuscript 2 (an increase in amplitude after category learning), the effects on the N1 were less robust; the early changes were observed in another ERP component, the P1, related to selective attention for pre-cued spatial locations. These results suggest that the early brain processes through which we extract localized and distributed features during categorization differ, while the later higher-stage cognitive processes associated with categorical decision making remain the same. Taken together, the results of these three studies provide further evidence that learning to categorize unfamiliar stimuli induces Learned CP effects while providing behavioural, neural and computational evidence to explain the mechanisms that generate it" --
Download or read book Categorical Perception of Emotional Expressions Key Results written by Korolkova Olga and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Existing studies of the categorical perception of facial expressions give mixed results. Expected maximum of accuracy in ABX discrimination task is ill-conditioned and only partially explained by results of identification task. Additional analysis of the results of research (5 experiments, up to 500 subjects, different stimulus sets) show the following important results. 1. Categories, related to facial expressions are experiential prototypical, according to E. Rosh theory, not categories, defined by feature set. The position of the border between categories varies individually. 2. Perceptual category prototypes show the perceptual magnet effect. In discrimination task it, expressed in preferred choice of the answers, more similar to the prototype. For the pair of images (A, B) in ABX discrimination task this effect may be expressed as Kerr = (N err_B - N err_A) / (N err_A + N err_B). Here N err_A is number of error answers A and N err_B is number of error answers B. Distribution of Kerr on a row of stimulus in discrimination task is approximately slant line (significantly less than 0 on one side of row and significantly greater than 0 on other side). 3. Perceptual category prototypes may differ in perceptual magnet u201cstrengthu201d. Relative u201cstrengthu201d of the pair of prototypes may be measured directly in special variant of discrimination task.4. Discrimination task may be solved, based not only on face on the whole, but on the partial features of face. The way of processing related to analytical / holistic style of perception. 5. Morphing, as procedure of construction of transitional row of stimulus, produce stimulus, equidistant in sense of point-to-point differences between images (Pearson correlation). In the same time discrimination efficiency of stimulus related to generalized differences (global and intermediate wavelet coefficients). 6. Conditions of discrimination task are specially established to reach efficiency slightly exceeding choice level. For different participants the level of difficulty may vary. Generally, we believe, that the perception of facial expressions directed to individually specific communication signals, not universal. Supported by The Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, topic u2116 0159-2019-0009 (Multidimensionality of cognitive processes in communication).
