Download or read book Solubility Behavior of Organic Compounds written by David J. W. Grant and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1990-06-26 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of specific molecular interactions in influencing the solubility behavior of organic compounds are examined, particularly the role of hydrogen bonding. Shows how specific interactions can be used to elicit preferential solubility. Emphasizes interactions occurring in environments of low polarity and explains and predicts solubility phenomena in self-associated solvents. Also considers the kinetics of diffusion and dissolution.

Download or read book Crystallization of Organic Compounds written by Hsien-Hsin Tung and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-06-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filled with industrial examples emphasizing the practical applications of crystallization methodologies Based on the authors' hands-on experiences as process engineers at Merck, Crystallization of Organic Compounds guides readers through the practical aspects of crystallization. It uses plenty of case studies and examples of crystallization processes, ranging from development through manufacturing scale-up. The book not only emphasizes strategies that have been proven successful, it also helps readers avoid common pitfalls that can render standard procedures unsuccessful. The goal of this text is twofold: Build a deeper understanding of the fundamental properties of crystallization as well as the impact of these properties on crystallization process development. Improve readers' problem-solving abilities by using actual industrial examples with real process constraints. Crystallization of Organic Compounds begins with detailed discussions of fundamental thermodynamic properties, nucleation and crystal growth kinetics, process dynamics, and scale-up considerations. Next, it investigates modes of operation, including cooling, evaporation, anti-solvent, and reactive crystallization. The authors conclude with special applications such as ultrasound in crystallization and computational fluid dynamics in crystallization. Most chapters feature multiple examples that guide readers step by step through the crystallization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). With its focus on industrial applications, this book is recommended for chemical engineers and chemists who are involved with the development, scale-up, or operation of crystallization processes in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries.

Download or read book Transport Behavior and Fate of Volatile Organic Compounds in Streams written by R. E. Rathbun and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental Organic Chemistry written by René P. Schwarzenbach and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-06-24 with total page 1329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Organic Chemistry focuses on environmental factors that govern the processes that determine the fate of organic chemicals in natural and engineered systems. The information discovered is then applied to quantitatively assessing the environmental behaviour of organic chemicals. Now in its 2nd edition this book takes a more holistic view on physical-chemical properties of organic compounds. It includes new topics that address aspects of gas/solid partitioning, bioaccumulation, and transformations in the atmosphere. Structures chapters into basic and sophisticated sections Contains illustrative examples, problems and case studies Examines the fundamental aspects of organic, physical and inorganic chemistry - applied to environmentally relevant problems Addresses problems and case studies in one volume

Download or read book Solubility of Polysaccharides written by Zhenbo Xu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sugars, with a scientific term as saccharides, are involved in various aspects in the lives of human beings, including the sense of taste, energy for daily life, etc. Recent development in polysaccharides, as well as the background knowledge in this field, further deepens insight into their roles as healthy supplements. In this book, the principles on polysaccharides' solubility and structure, methodologies and application of polysaccharides have been reviewed. The chapters in this book include the relationship between structure and solubility of polysaccharide, the experimental and computational researches on polysaccharide solubility and the common polysaccharide, which may further aid scholars and researchers in regard to solubility of polysaccharides, methodologies and modification.

Download or read book Solvent Systems and Their Selection in Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics written by Patrick Augustijns and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-06 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solvent systems are integral to drug development and pharmaceutical technology. This single topic encompasses numerous allied subjects running the gamut from recrystallization solvents to biorelevant media. The goal of this contribution to the AAPS Biotechnology: Pharmaceutical Aspects series is to generate both a practical handbook as well as a reference allowing the reader to make effective decisions concerning the use of solvents and solvent systems. To this end, the monograph was created by inviting recognized experts from a number of fields to author relevant sections. Specifically, 15 chapters have been designed covering the theoretical background of solubility, the effect of ionic equilibria and pH on solubilization, the use of solvents to effect drug substance crystallization and polymorph selection, the use of solvent systems in high throughput screening and early discovery, solvent use in preformulation, the use of solvents in bio-relevant dissolution and permeation experiments, solvents and their use as toxicology vehicles, solubilizing media and excipients in oral and parenteral formulation development, specialized vehicles for protein formulation and solvent systems for topical and pulmonary drug administration. The chapters are organized such that useful decision trees are included together with the scientific underpinning for their application. In addition, trends in the use of solvent systems and a balance of current views make this monograph useful to both the novice and experienced researcher and to scientists at all developmental stages from early discovery to late pharmaceutical operations.

Download or read book CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters Second Edition written by Allan F.M. Barton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-10-29 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters, Second Edition, which includes 17 new sections and 40 new data tables, incorporates information from a vast amount of material published over the last ten years. The volume is based on a bibliography of 2,900 reports, including 1,200 new citations. The detailed, careful construction of the handbook develops the concept of solubility parameters from empirical, thermodynamic, and molecular points of view and demonstrates their application to liquid, gas, solid, and polymer systems.

Download or read book Design of Organic Solids written by Edwin Weber and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-09-05 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considering the high level of our knowledge concerning covalent bond formation in the organic chemistry of molecules, our understanding of the principles involved in organic solid design is almost in its infancy. While chemists today are able to synthesize organic molecules of very high complexity using sophisticated methods of preparation, they lack general approaches enabling them to reliably predict organic crystalline or solid structures from molecular descriptors - no matter how simple they are. On the other hand, nearly all the organic matter surrounding us is not in the single-molecule state but aggregated and condensed to form liquid or solid molecular assemblages and structural arrays giving rise to the appearances and properties of organic compounds we usually observe. Obviously, the electrical, optical or magnetic properties of solid organic materials that are important requirements for future technologies and high-tech applications, as well as the stability and solubility behavior of a medicament depend on the structure of the molecule and the intramolecular forces, but even more decisively on the intermolecular forces, i. e. the packing structure of the molecules to which a general approach is lacking. This situation concerned ]. Maddox some years ago to such a degree that he described it as "one of the continuing scandals in the physical sciences" [see (1998) Nature 335:201; see also Ball, P. (1996) Nature 381:648]. The problem of predicting organic solid and crystal structures is very dif- cult.

Download or read book Drug like Properties Concepts Structure Design and Methods written by Li Di and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-07-26 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the thousands of novel compounds that a drug discovery project team invents and that bind to the therapeutic target, typically only a fraction of these have sufficient ADME/Tox properties to become a drug product. Understanding ADME/Tox is critical for all drug researchers, owing to its increasing importance in advancing high quality candidates to clinical studies and the processes of drug discovery. If the properties are weak, the candidate will have a high risk of failure or be less desirable as a drug product. This book is a tool and resource for scientists engaged in, or preparing for, the selection and optimization process. The authors describe how properties affect in vivo pharmacological activity and impact in vitro assays. Individual drug-like properties are discussed from a practical point of view, such as solubility, permeability and metabolic stability, with regard to fundamental understanding, applications of property data in drug discovery and examples of structural modifications that have achieved improved property performance. The authors also review various methods for the screening (high throughput), diagnosis (medium throughput) and in-depth (low throughput) analysis of drug properties. - Serves as an essential working handbook aimed at scientists and students in medicinal chemistry - Provides practical, step-by-step guidance on property fundamentals, effects, structure-property relationships, and structure modification strategies - Discusses improvements in pharmacokinetics from a practical chemist's standpoint

Download or read book Handbook of Physical Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals Second Edition written by Donald Mackay and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-03-14 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transport and transformation processes are key for determining how humans and other organisms are exposed to chemicals. These processes are largely controlled by the chemicals’ physical-chemical properties. This new edition of the Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals is a comprehensive series in four volumes that serves as a reference source for environmentally relevant physical-chemical property data of numerous groups of chemical substances. The handbook contains physical-chemical property data from peer-reviewed journals and other valuable sources on over 1200 chemicals of environmental concern. The handbook contains new data on the temperature dependence of selected physical-chemical properties, which allows scientists and engineers to perform better chemical assessments for climatic conditions outside the 20–25-degree range for which property values are generally reported. This second edition of the Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals is an essential reference for university libraries, regulatory agencies, consultants, and industry professionals, particularly those concerned with chemical synthesis, emissions, fate, persistence, long-range transport, bioaccumulation, exposure, and biological effects of chemicals in the environment. This resource is also available on CD-ROM

Download or read book The Properties of Gases and Liquids 5E written by Bruce E. Poling and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2000-11-27 with total page 802 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Must-have reference for processes involving liquids, gases, and mixtures Reap the time-saving, mistake-avoiding benefits enjoyed by thousands of chemical and process design engineers, research scientists, and educators. Properties of Gases and Liquids, Fifth Edition, is an all-inclusive, critical survey of the most reliable estimating methods in use today --now completely rewritten and reorganized by Bruce Poling, John Prausnitz, and John O’Connell to reflect every late-breaking development. You get on-the-spot information for estimating both physical and thermodynamic properties in the absence of experimental data with this property data bank of 600+ compound constants. Bridge the gap between theory and practice with this trusted, irreplaceable, and expert-authored expert guide -- the only book that includes a critical analysis of existing methods as well as hands-on practical recommendations. Areas covered include pure component constants; thermodynamic properties of ideal gases, pure components and mixtures; pressure-volume-temperature relationships; vapor pressures and enthalpies of vaporization of pure fluids; fluid phase equilibria in multicomponent systems; viscosity; thermal conductivity;diffusion coefficients; and surface tension.

Download or read book The Systematic Identification of Organic Compounds written by Christine K. F. Hermann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-05-09 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Systematic Identification of Organic Compounds A comprehensive introduction to the identification of unknown organic compounds Identifying unknown compounds is one of the most important parts of the study of chemistry. From basic characteristics such as melting and/or boiling point to more complex data generated through cutting-edge techniques, the range of possible methods for identifying unknown organic compounds is substantial. The utility of a research reference which compiles known techniques and characteristics of possible compounds is clear. The Systematic Identification of Organic Compounds provides such a reference, designed to teach a hands-on approach in the chemistry lab. It takes readers step-by-step through the process of identifying an unknown compound and elucidating its structure from infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectra in addition to solubility characteristics, melting point, boiling point, and classification tests. The result is an essential overview for advanced chemistry students looking to understand this exciting area of laboratory work. Readers of the ninth edition of The Systematic Identification of Organic Compounds will also find: A detailed chapter on safety, personal protection equipment, chemical storage, safety data sheets, and other safety concerns New NMR, IR, and mass spectra with detailed explanations on interpretation Questions at the end of each chapter designed to facilitate and reinforce progression, keyed to a companion website for instructors Tables of known compounds including data relevant for identification Companion website with structural problems from experimental data for students to practice how to reason and solve The Systematic Identification of Organic Compounds is a useful reference for advanced undergraduates and graduate students studying organic chemistry, organic spectroscopy, and related subjects.

Download or read book Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds written by Ernest L. Eliel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1994-09-28 with total page 1296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds The first fully referenced, comprehensive book on this subject in more than thirty years, Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds contains up-to-date coverage and insightful exposition of all important new concepts, developments, and tools in the rapidly advancing field of stereochemistry, including: * Asymmetric and diastereoselective synthesis * Conformational analysis * Properties of enantiomers and racemates * Separation and analysis of enantiomers and diastereoisomers * Developments in spectroscopy (including NMR), chromatography, and molecular mechanics as applied to stereochemistry * Prostereoisomerism * Conceptual foundations of stereochemistry, including terminology and symmetry concepts * Chiroptical properties Written by the leading authorities in the field, the text includes more than 4,000 references, 1,000 illustrations, and a glossary of stereochemical terms.

Download or read book Qualitative Organic Analysis written by Oliver Kamm and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Crystallization of Organic Compounds written by Hsien-Hsin Tung and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-07-05 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystallization of Organic Compounds Practical resource covering applications of crystallization principles with methodologies, case studies, and numerous industrial examples for emphasis Based on the authors’ hands-on experiences as process engineers, through the use of case studies and examples of crystallization processes, ranging from laboratory development through manufacturing scale-up, Crystallization of Organic Compounds guides readers through the practical applications of crystallization and emphasizes strategies that have proven to be successful, enabling readers to avoid common pitfalls that can render standard procedures unsuccessful. Most chapters feature multiple examples that guide readers, step by step, through the crystallization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), including an analysis of the major methods of carrying out crystallization operations, their strengths and potential issues, as well as numerous examples of crystallization processes from development through manufacturing scale. Advancements in the field of crystallization have been integrated throughout the book in the newly revised Second Edition to ensure the content adequately reflects current state-of-the-art industrial know-hows and practice. The new edition also adds chapters addressing downstream operations after the crystallization, including filtration/washing and drying, together with industrial use cases. Crystallization of Organic Compounds includes detailed information on: Solubility and solid behavior, covering phase rule, polymorph, salt/co-crystal, chiral resolution and in-silico solubility prediction; and kinetics, covering seed, supersaturation, nucleation, crystal growth and model-based experimental design Critical issues in the crystallization practice, covering oiling out, seeding/wet-milling, agglomeration/aggregation, mixing scale-up and quality-by-design principles Cooling, anti-solvent, evaporation and reactive crystallization process design, covering batch and continuous operations with industrial examples Special applications, covering crystallization with ultrasound, reaction selectivity enhancement, and computation fluid dynamics, and solid dispersion With highly practical coverage of the subject, Crystallization of Organic Compounds is an essential resource for engineers and chemists involved with the development, scaling, or operation of crystallization process in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries, particularly those with degrees in chemical engineering and chemistry.

Download or read book Laboratory Manual of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry I written by Mr. Sushant Sudhir Pande and published by Trinity Publishing House, Satara. This book was released on 2024-02-16 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are pleased to put forth the "Laboratory Manual of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry I." This manual, prepared according to the PCI B. Pharm course regulations 2014, is divided into three sections: systematic qualitative analysis, preparation of suitable solid derivatives and construction of molecular models. The methods of all the experiments are drawn from the latest editions of official books of pharmaceutical organic chemistry and research papers, ensuring the inclusion of the latest advancements in methodologies or apparatus. This manual is designed for outcome-based education. Each experiment follows a uniform format, with sections for practical significance, practical outcomes (PrOs), mapping with course outcomes, theory, resources used, procedure, precautions, observations, results, conclusion, references, and synopsis questions. Each experiment offers an opportunity for students to perform practical work, developing proficiency in effectively managing equipment, handling glassware, chemicals, reagents, and writing analytical reports. In addition, the questions at the end of the experiments help to enhance students' knowledge, benefiting them as they pursue higher studies. During the laboratory period, you will have to multiple tasks while performing the experiment. It is essential to document your actions and observations thoroughly as you proceed. Always plan your work ahead, considering what you are doing, why you are doing it, what is happening, and what conclusions you can draw from your experiment. We acknowledge the help and cooperation of various individuals in bringing out this manual. We are highly indebted to the authors of the books and articles mentioned in the references, which were a major source of information for this manual. We also thank the publishers, designers, and printers who worked hard to publish this manual in a timely manner. We hope that this manual will be helpful to students in understanding concepts, principles, and performing procedures. We wish you all the best!

Download or read book A TEXT BOOK ON BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PRACTICAL PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY written by Dr. Pradeep Kumar M. R. and published by Insta Publishing. This book was released on with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: : Pharmaceutical organic chemistry is an important part of Pharmaceutical Research and Development unit, since it involves preparation of novel or modification of already existing molecules to extract the therapeutic application of these molecules. This book deals with different types of experiments, where the major emphasis is given on various basic techniques of Organic chemistry like melting point, boiling point, crystallization, distillation, and calibration of thermometer. It also includes identification of organic compound of various functional groups from carboxylic acid, Phenols, ketons, aldehyde….etc, with specific reaction procedure and its chemical reaction. It also covers experimental methods consisting of the derivatives preparations of functional groups. The book also covers some Organic preparation /Synthesis of compounds with reaction, principle and mechanism These experiments are selected in such a manner that the reader should get a in depth knowledge about the medicinal chemistry practicals. All comments and suggestions will be received with gratitude. I am very much grateful to KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, all my beloved teachers, parents, wife for their constant support and encouragement. Thanks to my daughters Ananya and Adhya, who are my stress relievers. I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to each and everyone who directly or indirectly helped me in compilation of this book Last but not the least I am very much thankful to all my students who are the inspiration for writing this book.