Download or read book Solubility and Speciation Studies for Nuclear Repository Performance Assessment written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solubility and speciation data are important in understanding aqueous radionuclide transport through the geosphere. They define the source term for transport retardation processes such as sorption and colloid formation. Solubility and speciation data are useful in verifying the validity of geochemical codes that are part of the predictive transport models. Radionuclide solubility studies in groundwaters from a repository region will provide limits on radionuclide concentrations in these waters. Meaningful thermodynamically defined solubility studies must satisfy four criteria: (1) solution equilibrium conditions, (2) effective and complete phase separation, (3) a well-defined solid phase, and (4) knowledge of the speciation/oxidation state of the soluble species at equilibrium. Results from solubility and speciation experiments of 237NpO2, 239Pu{sup 4+}, and 241Am{sup 3+}/Nd{sup 3+} in J-13 groundwater (from the Yucca Mountain region, Nevada, which is being investigated as a potential high-level nuclear waste disposal site) at three different temperatures (25°, 60°, and 90°C) and pH values (6, 7, and 8.5) are presented.
Download or read book Solubility Phenomena in The Context of Nuclear Waste Disposal written by Xavier Gaona and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-12-13 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety concepts regarding nuclear waste disposal in underground repositories generally rely on a combination of engineered and geological barriers that minimize potential radionuclide release out of the containment-providing rock zone and transport through the biosphere. The presence of water, however, may alter the engineered barrier system, dissolve radionuclides, and facilitate radionuclide transport that over time may permeate the biosphere. So while barrier systems aim to prevent or hinder water from contacting the waste, the possible intrusion of aqueous solutions must be considered for several safety case scenarios impacted by the long-term evolution of a repository. Dissolution and solubility phenomena thus arise as important processes controlling the chemical behaviour of radionuclides and other key materials of relevance in the context of such repositories and their safety assessments. The solubility and aqueous speciation of radionuclides is of particular interest as they provide upper limits of water-transportable concentrations of radionuclides. Solubility phenomena of radioactive and other gases in water provide important information on gas transport and pressure build-up. Moreover, solubility assessments offer insight into time-independent constraints on the evolution of the disposal system. Particularly important in this regard is the geochemical modelling of radionuclide behaviour in the engineered barrier system as well as in natural aquatic systems along the transport path of radionuclides to the biosphere. The obtained information provides valuable inputs that appropriately constrain safety analyses of nuclear waste disposal.
Download or read book Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XX Volume 465 written by Walter J. Gray and published by Materials Research Society. This book was released on 1997-07-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features scientific research that supports the safe and effective disposal of radioactive waste in a geological repository. One highlight of the volume is the opening talk by Rustum Roy, who was instrumental in establishing the first symposium on this topic in 1978. Professor Roy summarizes his views of the past 19 years of progress in the field. A second highlight is the participation by several Russian and Ukrainian scientists who authored papers on nuclear waste disposal aspects of the Chernobyl Unit 4 reactor that exploded in April 1986. Additional topics include: glass formulations and properties; glass/water interactions; cements in radioactive waste management; ceramic and crystalline waste forms; spent nuclear fuel; waste processing and treatment; radiation effects in ceramics, glasses and nuclear waste materials; waste package materials; radionuclide solubility and speciation; radionuclide sorption; radionuclide transport; repository backfill; performance assessment; natural analogues and excess plutonium dispositioning.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Natural Analogue Studies in the Geological Disposal of Radioactive Wastes written by W.M. Miller and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-18 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive review of the state of development of natural analogue studies with emphasis on those studies which are relevant to the following repository designs: Nagra (Switzerland) disposal concepts for high-level waste/low and intermediate-level waste; SKB (Sweden) disposal concepts for spent fuel/low and intermediate-level waste; and Nirex (UK) disposal concept for low and intermediate-level waste. The book's second aim is to discuss the expanding application of natural analogues for non-performance assessment purposes, especially their potential for presenting the concept of geological disposal to various interested audiences in a coherent, understandable and scientifically legitimate manner. Much of the discussion of the book is relevant to concepts for geological disposal of radioactive wastes by other countries, and is concerned only with those physico-chemical processes which control the release of radionuclides from the near-field, and their subsequent retardation and transport in the geosphere.
Download or read book Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XX Volume 465 written by Walter J. Gray and published by . This book was released on 1997-07 with total page 1398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features scientific research that supports the safe and effective disposal of radioactive waste in a geological repository. One highlight of the volume is the opening talk by Rustum Roy, who was instrumental in establishing the first symposium on this topic in 1978. Professor Roy summarizes his views of the past 19 years of progress in the field. A second highlight is the participation by several Russian and Ukrainian scientists who authored papers on nuclear waste disposal aspects of the Chernobyl Unit 4 reactor that exploded in April 1986. Additional topics include: glass formulations and properties; glass/water interactions; cements in radioactive waste management; ceramic and crystalline waste forms; spent nuclear fuel; waste processing and treatment; radiation effects in ceramics, glasses and nuclear waste materials; waste package materials; radionuclide solubility and speciation; radionuclide sorption; radionuclide transport; repository backfill; performance assessment; natural analogues and excess plutonium dispositioning.
Download or read book Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXVII Volume 1665 written by Lara Duro and published by Materials Research Society. This book was released on 2014-09-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 37th International Symposium on the Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management (Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings Volume 1665) was held in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain), September 30-October 3, 2013. The symposium was officially opened by Dr. Antoni Gurgui, commissioner of Consejo Seguridad Nuclear (Nuclear Safety Council) in Spain. About 80 attendees from 12 countries listened to 51 presentations and discussed 29 posters during the three and a half days of scientific sessions. The symposium covered the following topics: national and international programs; performance assessment/geological disposal; radionuclide solubility, speciation, sorption and migration; corrosion studies of zircaloy, container and carbon steel; high level waste and ceramic and advanced materials.
Download or read book Readings from the Treatise on Geochemistry written by Heinrich D Holland and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-05-25 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Readings from the Treatise on Geochemistry offers an interdisciplinary reference for scientists, researchers and upper undergraduate and graduate level geochemistry students that is more affordable than the full Treatise. For professionals, this volume will provide an overview of the field as a whole. For students, it will provide more in-depth introductory content than is found in broad-based geochemistry textbooks. Articles were selected from chapters across all volumes of the full Treatise, and include: The Origin and Earliest History of the Earth, Compositional Evolution of the Mantle, Evolution of Sedimentary Rocks, Soil Formation, Geochemistry of Groundwater, Geologic History of Seawater, Hydrothermal Processes, and Biogeochemistry of Primary Production in the Sea. Comprehensive, interdisciplinary and authoritative content selected by leading subject experts Robust illustrations, figures and tables Affordably priced sampling of content from the full Treatise on Geochemistry
Download or read book Actinide Speciation in High Ionic Strength Media written by Donald T. Reed and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-21 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The management and disposal of radioactive wastes are key international issues requiring a sound, fundamental scientific basis to insure public and environmental protection. Large quantities of existing nuclear waste must be treated to encapsulate the radioactivity in a form suitable for disposal. The treatment of this waste, due to its extreme diversity, presents tremendous engineering and scientific challenges. Geologic isolation of transuranic waste is the approach currently proposed by all nuclear countries for its final disposal. To be successful in this endeavor, it is necessary to understand the behavior of plutonium and the other actinides in relevant environmental media. Conceptual models for stored high level waste and waste repository systems present many sCientific difficulties due to their complexity and non-ideality. For example, much of the high level nuclear waste in the US is stored as alkaline concentrated electrolyte materials, where the chemistry of the actinides under such conditions is not well understood. This lack of understanding limits the successful separation and treatment of these wastes. Also, countries such as the US and Germany plan to dispose of actinide bearing wastes in geologic salt deposits. In this case, understanding the speciation and transport properties of actinides in brines is critical for confidence in repository performance and risk assessment activities. Many deep groundwaters underlying existing contaminated sites are also high in ionic strength. Until recently, the scientific basis for describing actinide chemistry in such systems was extremely limited.
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Topical Meeting on Nuclear and Hazardous Waste Management Spectrum 94 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Applications of Geochemical Modeling written by Chen Zhu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-05-13 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An application of geochemical modeling to environmental problems, illustrated with case studies of real-world environmental investigations.
Download or read book US Spent Fuel Policy written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NRC Nuclear Waste Geochemistry 83 written by Donald H. Alexander and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XIX Volume 412 written by Materials Research Society. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 1996-04-03 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safe and effective management of nuclear waste provides a broad range of challenges for materials science. Waste processing, waste form and engineered barrier properties, interactions between engineered and geological systems, radiation effects, chemistry and transport of waste species, and long-term predictions of repository performance are just some of the scientific problems facing modern society. This book, the nineteenth in a very successful series from MRS, offers an international and interdisciplinary perspective on the issues, and features developments in both fundamental and applied areas. Topics include: excess plutonium dispositioning; spent nuclear fuel; glass waste forms; ceramic and crystalline waste forms; cement waste forms; waste processing; waste container materials; speciation and sorption; bentonite barriers; flow and transport; repository site characterization; natural analogs and performance assessment.
Download or read book Geological Disposal of Radioactive Wastes and Natural Analogues written by W. Miller and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many countries are currently exploring the option to dispose of highly radioactive solid wastes deep underground in purpose built, engineered repositories. A number of surface and shallow repositories for less radioactive wastes are already in operation. One of the challenges facing the nuclear industry is to demonstrate confidently that a repository will contain wastes for so long that any releases that might take place in the future will pose no significant health or environmental risk. One method for building confidence in the long-term future safety of a repository is to look at the physical and chemical processes which operate in natural and archaeological systems, and to draw appropriate parallels with the repository. For example, to understand why some uranium orebodies have remained isolated underground for billions of years. Such studies are called 'natural analogues'. This book investigates the concept of geological disposal and examines the wide range of natural analogues which have been studied. Lessons learnt from studies of archaeological and natural systems can be used to improve our capabilities for assessing the future safety of a radioactive waste repository.
