Download or read book Solidification Stabilization of Elemental Mercury Waste by Amalgamation written by C. K. Lee and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments on solidification of elemental mercury waste were conducted by amalgamation with several metal powders such as copper, zinc, tin, brass and bronze. Unlike the previous studies which showed a dispersible nature after solidification, the waste forms were found to possess quite large compressive strengths in both copper and bronze amalgam forms. The durability was also confirmed by showing very minor changes of strength after 90 days of water immersion. Leachability from the amalgam forms is also shown to be low: measured mercury concentration in the leachate by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) was well below the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) limit. Long term leaching behavior by Accelerated Leach Test (ALT) has shown that the leaching process was dominated by diffusion and the effective diffusion coefficient was quite low (around 10-19 cm2/sec). The mercury vapor concentration from the amalgam forms were reduced to a 20% level of that for elemental mercury and to one-hundredth after 3 months.
Download or read book Technologies for the Stabilization of Elemental Mercury and Mercury containing Wastes written by Sven Hagemann and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SULFUR POLYMER STABILIZATION written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brookhaven National Laboratory's Sulfur Polymer Stabilization/Solidification (SPSS) process was used to treat approximately 90kg of elemental mercury mixed waste from Los Alamos National Laboratory. Treatment was carried out in a series of eight batches using a 1 ft3 pilot-scale mixer, where mercury loading in each batch was 33.3 weight percent. Although leach performance is currently not regulated for amalgamated elemental mercury (Hg) mixed waste, Toxicity Characteristic Leach Procedure (TCLP) testing of SPSS treated elemental mercury waste indicates that leachability is readily reduced to below the TCLP limit of 200 ppb (regulatory requirement following treatment by retort for wastes containing> 260 ppb Hg), and with process optimization, to levels less than the stringent Universal Treatment Standard (UTS) limit of 25 ppb that is applied to waste containing
Download or read book Solidification stabilization Resource Guide written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Perspective of Hazardous Waste and Mixed Waste Treatment Technology at the Savannah River Site written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatment technologies for the preparation and treatment of heavy metal mixed wastes, contaminated soils, and mixed mercury wastes are being considered at the Savannah River Site (SRS), a DOE nuclear material processing facility operated by Westinghouse Savannah River Company (WSRC). The proposed treatment technologies to be included at the Hazardous Waste/Mixed Waste Treatment Building at SRS are based on the regulatory requirements, projected waste volumes, existing technology, cost effectiveness, and project schedule. Waste sorting and size reduction are the initial step in the treatment process. After sorting/size reduction the wastes would go to the next applicable treatment module. For solid heavy metal mixed wastes the proposed treatment is macroencapsulation using a thermoplastic polymer. This process reduces the leachability of hazardous constituents from the waste and allows easy verification of the coating integrity. Stabilization and solidification in a cement matrix will treat a wide variety of wastes (i.e. soils, decontamination water). Some pretreatments may be required (i.e. Ph adjustment) before stabilization. Other pretreatments such as soil washing can reduce the amount of waste to be stabilized. Radioactive contaminated mercury waste at the SRS comes in numerous forms (i.e. process equipment, soils, and lab waste) with the required treatment of high mercury wastes being roasting/retorting and recovery. Any unrecyclable radioactive contaminated elemental mercury would be amalgamated, utilizing a batch system, before disposal.
Download or read book USING THE SULFUR POLYMER STABILIZATION SOLIDIFICATION PROCESS TO TREAT RESIDUAL MERCURY WASTES FROM GOLD MINING OPERATIONS written by B.ADAMS BOWERMAN (J.KALB, P.WAN, R. Y.LEVIER.) and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large quantities of mercury are generated as a by-product during the processing of gold ore following mining operations. Newmont Mining Corporation (NMC), which operates some of the world's largest gold mines, sought a method to permanently ''retire'' its mercury by-products, thereby avoiding potential environmental liability. Sulfur Polymer Stabilization-Solidification (SPSS) is an innovative technology developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) for treatment of mercury and mercury contaminated materials, such as soil, sludge and debris. BNL conducted a treatability study to determine the potential applicability of SPSS for treatment of Newmont mercury, and the treated product passed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) test for toxicity. The SPSS process has been shown to be effective on radioactive and nonradioactive mercury and mercury-contaminated materials with a pilot-scale batch system capable of producing 0.03 m{sup 3} (1 ft{sup 3}) per batch. Engineering scale-up issues are discussed and material property tests addressing these issues are described.
Download or read book Stabilization solidification Treatment of Mercury Containing Wastes Using Reactivated Carbon and Cement written by Jian Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents the study results for a novel stabilization/solidification (S/S) process for high mercury wastes (Hg> 260 ppm). A relatively low-cost powder reactivated carbon (PAC) was used to stabilize mercury in solid wastes. Then the stabilized wastes were subjected to cement solidification. To improve the mercury adsorption capacity, PAC was impregnated with sulfides to obtain sulfurized PAC (SPAC). It was found that sulfurization of PAC by both CS 2 and Na 2 S significantly improved the mercury stabilization efficiency. For a Hg(NO 3) 2 solution with 40 mg/L initial Hg 2+, the equilibrium concentration of Hg 2+ was lowered to 110 æg/L by SPAC, compared with an equilibrium concentration of 4310 æg/L by PAC. The adsorption efficiency was increased by more than one order of magnitude. The mechanism of sulfurization on mercury adsorption was investigated. It is believed that formation of low solubility mercury-sulfide species was the major cause of this phenomenon. The cement-solidified wastes were subjected to TCLP leach testing and constant pH leach testing. For the constant pH leach testing, the wastes were leached at constant pH values of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 for 14 days. From the experimental results, it was found that, once in the solidified waste form, SPAC particles retained most of the adsorbed mercury, even in the presence of high chloride concentration, possibly due to the build-up of a gel-membrane outside the carbon pores as the hydration of cement proceeded. Experimental results from constant pH leaching tests indicated that the stabilized and solidified wastes were quite stable over a wide pH range after 14 days. A model was developed to simulate mercury sorption by reactivated carbon in stirred batch reactors. The model involved the coupling of a pseudo-second order kinetic model, surface equilibrium models, including the Langmuir isotherm and the Freundlich isotherm, and a material balance equation based on batch reactors. The predicted and real carbon dosages match each other very well. It can be concluded that the S/S process by reactivated carbon and cement is a robust and effective technology for immobilization treatment of high mercury wastes.
Download or read book Mercury and Arsenic Wastes written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 1993-12-31 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides state-of-the-art information on removal, recovery, treatment, and disposal of mercury and arsenic wastes, based on a workshop held in Alexandria, Virginia in August 1992. The goals of the workshop were: 1) to examine the fundamentals and analytical issues related to mercury and arsenic compounds; 2) to disseminate information on the state of practice of source reductiontechnologies that recover or remove mercury and arsenic from industrial wastes'and recycling or reuse processes; and 3) to discuss existing and emerging technologies that treat industrial wastes or contaminated soil and water, and the storage and disposal of treated wastes. The book is presented in two parts Mercury and Arsenic and contains extended summaries of papers presented at the workshop. The areas covered are fundamentals, analytical techniques/characterization; removal, recovery, and reuse; and treatment, storage, and disposal.
Download or read book Proceedings and Summary Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologies Handbook written by Chang H. Oh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-06-27 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With detailed photos and schematic system diagrams, the Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologies Handbook provides the latest information on current technologies in the market. Intended as a reference for scientists, engineers, and engineering students, it covers waste-related thermal and non-thermal technologies, separation techniques, and stabilization technologies. It provides an overview of recent waste technologies, for both hazardous chemical wastes and radioactive wastes. By implementing the techniques presented in this book, readers will be able to decide which appropriate technology to use and how to design the equipment for their particular needs.
Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 1999-05-27 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book EPD Congress 2003 written by M. E. Schlesinger and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 14th edition in the EPD Congress series, this volume is concerned with environmental issues, reflecting the increased significance of this facet of metals production and processing. A centerpiece of this volume is the proceedings on mercury management in metals production and recycling, an area in which the breadth of expertise within TMS provides a unique opportunity for comprehensive examination of the topic.
Download or read book Programmatic National Spent Nuclear Fuel Management Program and Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Environmental Restoration and Waste Management Program ID CA WA NV written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Solidification stabilization of Inorganic Hazardous Wastes written by Stephen Barre Ransom and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Solidification stabilization for Treating Hazardous Waste in the Unites sic States written by Carlton C. Wiles and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Removal of Mercury from Solid Mixed Waste Using Chemical Leaching Processes written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this research was to evaluate chemical leaching as a technique to treat soils, sediments, and glass contaminated with either elemental mercury or a combination of several mercury species. Potassium iodide/iodine solutions were investigated as chemical leaching agents for contaminated soils and sediments. Clean, synthetic soil material and surrogate storm sewer sediments contaminated with mercury were treated with KI/I[sub 2] solutions. It was observed that these leaching solutions could reduce the mercury concentration in soil and sediments by 99.8%. Evaluation of selected posttreatment sediment samples revealed that leachable mercury levels in the treated solids exceeded RCRA requirements. The results of these studies suggest that KI/I[sub 2] leaching is a treatment process that can be used to remove large quantities of mercury from contaminated soils and sediments and may be the only treatment required if treatment goals are established on Hg residual concentrations in solid matrices. Fluorescent bulbs were used to simulate mercury contaminated glass mixed waste. To achieve mercury contamination levels similar to those found in larger bulbs such as those used in DOE facilities a small amount of Hg was added to the crushed bulbs. The most effective agents for leaching mercury from the crushed fluorescent bulbs were KI/I[sub 2], NaOCl, and NaBr+ acid. Radionuclide surrogates were added to both the EPA synthetic soil material and the crushed fluorescent bulbs to determine the fate of radionuclides following chemical leaching with the leaching agents determined to be the most promising. These experiments revealed that although over 98% of the dosed mercury solubilized and was found in the leaching solution, no Cerium was measured in the posttreatment leaching solution. This finding suggest that Uranium, for which Ce was used as a surrogate, would not solubilize during leaching of mercury contaminated soil or glass.
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
