Download or read book Solar Photovoltaics for Consumers Utilities and Investors written by Steven Magee and published by Steven Magee. This book was released on 2010-04-21 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details solar photovoltaic systems for consumers, utilities and investors. This would encompass residential, commercial and utility systems that are connected to the utility grid. There is a discussion of the different technologies available for the consumer and their advantages and disadvantages. For the utilities, there is invaluable advice on planning and constructing large projects. For the investor, forward looking statements try to predict the future of solar photovoltaics.

Download or read book Future of solar photovoltaic written by International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA and published by International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). This book was released on 2019-11-01 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents options to fully unlock the world’s vast solar PV potential over the period until 2050. It builds on IRENA’s global roadmap to scale up renewables and meet climate goals.

Download or read book Spain s Photovoltaic Revolution written by Pedro A. Prieto and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-04 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROI or EROEI) is the amount of energy acquired from a particular energy source divided by the energy expended, or invested, in obtaining that energy. EROI is an essential and seemingly simple measure of the usable energy or “energy profit” from the exploitation of an energy source, but it is not so easy to determine all of the energy expenditures that should be included in the calculation. Because EROI values are generally low for renewable energy sources, differences in these estimates can lead to sharply divergent conclusions about the viability of these energy technologies. This book presents the first complete energy analysis of a large-scale, real-world deployment of photovoltaic (PV) collection systems representing 3.5 GW of installed, grid-connected solar plants in Spain. The analysis includes all of the factors that limit and adjust the real electricity output through one full-year cycle, and all of the fossil fuel inputs required to achieve these results. The authors’ comprehensive analysis of energy inputs, which assigns energy cost estimates to all financial expenditures, yields EROI values that are less than half of those claimed by other investigators and by the solar industry. Sensitivity analysis is used to test various assumptions in deriving these EROI estimates. The results imply that the EROI of current, large-scale PV systems may be too low to seamlessly support an energy and economic transition away from fossil fuels. Given the pervasiveness of fossil fuel subsidies in the modern economy, a key conclusion is that all components of the system that brings solar power to the consumer, from manufacturing to product maintenance and life cycle, must be improved in terms of energy efficiency. The materials science of solar conversion efficiency is only one such component. Sunny Spain represented an ideal case study as the country had the highest penetration of solar PV energy at 2.3 percent of total national demand as well as state-of-the-art expertise in solar power including grid management of intermittent, modern renewable systems. This book, written by a uniquely qualified author team consisting of the chief engineer for several major photovoltaic projects in Spain and the world’s leading expert on the concept and application of EROI, provides a comprehensive understanding of the net energy available to society from energy sources in general and from functioning PV installations under real-world conditions in particular. The authors provide critical insight into the capacity of renewable energy sources to fill the foreseeable gap between world energy demand and depletion rates for fossil fuels. · Presents the first comprehensive study of the EROI of large-scale solar PV systems in a developed country · Uses real-world operational data rather than laboratory approximations and extrapolations · Describes the dependence of one alternative energy source on the goods and services of a fossil-fueled economy · Has global implications for the potential of renewable energy sources to replace dwindling reserves of fossil fuels · Written with the first-hand knowledge of the chief, on-site engineer for many solar installations in Spain together with the leader in the development and application of the concept of EROI

Download or read book Harnessing the Power of the Sun written by Daniel Gouré and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The opportunities provided by solar energy are almost incalculable. Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology can be applied almost everywhere, and at almost any scale from individual homes and businesses, to factories and utility-level installations. Moreover, the cost of solar installations has been dropping sharply in recent years. There are credible estimates that with some supporting investments by government and utilities, PV can achieve price parity with standard forms of energy by 2020. While the potential is there for solar technology to transform energy production in the United States, many challenges remain to the achievement of cost-effective solar power. These include continuing to reduce the cost of individual solar modules, development of a supporting infrastructure for utility-level solar power and development of an appropriate regulatory and licensing regime conducive to the expanded use of solar energy. Concentrated solar power plants in areas of the Southwest United States could readily be competitive with current oil and gas-fired plants. With the proper incentives and regulations in place, solar can address both the demand and cost sensitivities of the current U.S. energy production system while simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas emissions and, in some cases, even reducing customer energy costs. There are a number of steps that must be taken in order to address the challenges confronting viable solar photovoltaic power.

Download or read book Solar Photovoltaic DC Calculations for Residential Commercial and Utility Systems written by Steven Magee and published by Steven Magee. This book was released on 2010-05-11 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details how to run calculations for the DC circuit of solar photovoltaic systems. This would encompass residential, commercial and utility systems that are connected to the utility grid. It covers the range of conditions that solar photovoltaic modules are exposed to throughout the year and shows how to incorporate these into an effective DC circuit that is well designed and reliable.

Download or read book Guidebook for Utilities Led Business Models written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2022-12-01 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guidebook analyzes India’s plans to use rooftop solar power to boost its renewable energy, explains the benefits it offers, and details why new business models and market mechanisms would drive greater adoption. It examines India’s renewable energy targets and explains why rooftop solar generation has been slow to increase despite an enabling policy environment and attractive economics. It identifies the roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders and discusses four business models to help utilities evaluate and fine-tune their strategies. It shows why taking a targeted approach can maximize economic benefits for utilities and deliver long-term advantages for consumers.

Download or read book Non Ownership Business Models for Solar Energy written by Vishal Agrawal and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Problem Definition: Solar power companies have introduced innovative non-ownership business models--leasing and power purchase agreement (PPA)--in addition to sales. Under these models, the company installs solar panels for a customer, who purchases the electricity generated from the panels. Under leasing, a customer pays a fixed fee, whereas under PPA, a customer pays a per-unit price for the electricity generated. The adoption of solar panels is also promoted by investment and generation subsidies, which are received by customers under sales, but by the solar power company under non-ownership models. In addition, some states currently have restrictions on non-ownership model(s) to protect utility firms' profits. Motivated by this context, we analyze the economic and environmental implications of such subsidies and restrictions. Practical and Academic Relevance: The share of non-ownership business models of the residential solar installations is approximately 40% and we contribute to the OM literature by being the first to endogenize a solar power company's business model decisions to inform policymakers regarding the ongoing discussion on subsidies and restrictions. Methodology: We develop a sequential game between a profit-maximizing solar power company and utility-maximizing residential customers to characterize a solar power company's optimal business model decisions. Results: We find that a higher investment subsidy makes it more attractive for the company to offer sales, whereas a higher generation subsidy makes it more attractive to offer non-ownership models. Contrary to conventional wisdom, we show that restricting the solar power company from offering leasing can actually lead to higher total adoption and generation of renewable energy.Policy Implications: We show that although a higher generation subsidy leads to higher total adoption and generation of renewable energy, interestingly, a higher investment subsidy can backfire by leading to lower total adoption and generation. Consequently, a higher investment subsidy can actually lead to a higher profit for the utility firm. Finally, we find that restricting leasing can be detrimental for the utility firm and beneficial for the environment.

Download or read book Solar Photovoltaic Training for Residential Commercial and Utility Systems written by Steven Magee and published by Steven Magee. This book was released on 2010-04-21 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition book details solar photovoltaic training for those who are interested in this area and also for those who are already working in the field. This would encompass residential, commercial, and utility systems that are connected to the utility grid. It is a comprehensive overview of a rapidly growing world of solar photovoltaic power generation technology. This book is also incorporated into "Complete Solar Photovoltaics for Residential, Commercial, and Utility Systems"

Download or read book Solar Photovoltaics written by Griffin Marks and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2012-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photovoltaic (PV) systems are installed by several types of market participants, ranging from residential customers to large-scale project developers and utilities. Each type of market participant frequently uses a different economic performance metric to characterise PV value because they are looking for different types of returns from a PV investment. Choice of economic performance metric by different customer types can significantly shape each customer's perception of PV investment value and ultimately their adoption decision. In this book, PV economic performance is characterised for three ownership types: residential customers who purchase their own PV systems, commercial customers (for-profit companies) who purchase their own PV systems, and residential and commercial customers who lease PV equipment or buy PV electricity from a third-party company.

Download or read book Solar Photovoltaic Resource for Residential Commercial and Utility Systems written by Steven Magee and published by Steven Magee. This book was released on 2010-05 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a resource of information that is used in the solar photovoltaic field. This would encompass residential, commercial and utility systems that are connected to the utility grid. It is a comprehensive collection of notes, diagrams, pictures and charts for a rapidly growing world of solar photovoltaic power generation technology. This book is illustrated in color.

Download or read book Fisher Investments on Utilities written by Fisher Investments and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-02-08 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fisher Investments On series is designed to provide individual investors, students, and aspiring investment professionals the tools necessary to understand and analyze investment opportunities—primarily for investing in global stocks. Each guide is an easily accessible primer to economic sectors, regions, or other components of the global stock market. While this guide is specifically on Utilities, the basic investment methodology is applicable for analyzing any global sector, regardless of the current macroeconomic environment. Following a top-down approach to investing, Fisher Investments on Utilities can help you make more informed decisions within the Utilities sector. It skillfully addresses how to determine optimal times to invest in Utilities stocks and which Utilities industries have the potential to perform well in various environments. Divided into three comprehensive parts—Getting Started, Utilities Details, and Thinking Like a Portfolio Manager—Fisher Investments on Utilities: Explains some of the sector’s key macro drivers—like regulation, economic cycles, and investor sentiment Shows how to capitalize on a wide array of macro conditions and industry-specific features to help you form an opinion on each of the industries within the sector Takes you through the major components of the industries within the global Utilities sector and reveals how they operate Offers investment strategies to help you determine when and how to overweight specific industries within the sector Outlines a five-step process to help differentiate firms in this field—designed to help you identify ones with the greatest probability of outperforming Filled with in-depth insights, Fisher Investments on Utilities provides a framework for understanding this sector and its industries to help you make better investment decisions—now and in the future. With this book as your guide, you can gain a global perspective of the Utilities sector and discover strategies to help achieve your investing goals.

Download or read book Solar Consumer Guidebook written by Mackie Beall and published by Gatekeeper Press. This book was released on 2023-01-09 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a solar expert who has been in the sustainability business since 2009, The Solar Consumer Guidebook provides insight into the process of incorporating solar energy into your “investment” portfolio for the next twenty-five years or longer. By walking through the process of sales pitch meetings, proposals, and finally the implementation of solar panels at your house or place of business, this book gives a comprehensive guide for you to follow, one that ensures you get the best possible rate-of-return on your investment, while guarding against slick sales techniques meant to take advantage of you. This book is perfect for both homeowners and business people interested in solar, whether you are a newcomer to the sustainable movement or a seasoned veteran!

Download or read book Why Local Solar For All Costs Less written by Christopher T M Clack and published by Vibrant Clean Energy, LLC. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study finds that by including the co-optimization of the distribution system, the contiguous United States could spend $473 billion less on cleaning the electricity system by 95% by 2050 and add over 8 million new jobs. The clean electricity system is even cheaper than BAU, without distribution co-optimization to the tune of $88 billion. The findings suggest that local solar and storage can amplified utility-scale wind and solar as well as provide economic stimulus to all regions across the contiguous US. The study finds that wind, solar, storage and transmission can be complements to each other to help reduce the cost to decarbonize the electricity system. Transmission provides spatial diversity, storage provides temporal diversity, and the wind and solar provide the low-cost, emission-free generation. Further, the distributed solar and storage provide local back-up and diversity for consumers to be able to purchase their electricity product without significant alterations to their behavior: in other words, the distributed solar and storage alters demand to supply, without the customers noticing. The study was produced by VCE, for the Coalition for Community Solar Access, Vote Solar, and Local Solar For All. Vibrant Clean Energy, LLC performed all the modeling using the WIS:dom®-P model with nationally recognized publicly available data and assumptions. The executive summary, slide deck white paper, summary spreadsheet, and a press release are provided (a full technical report will be released shortly). Technical documentation for the WIS:dom®-P model can be found here.

Download or read book Investing in Solar Stocks What You Need to Know to Make Money in the Global Renewable Energy Market written by Joseph Berwind and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2009-08-10 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The solar industry is heating up. In the past two years alone, more than $8 billion have been infused into the market, and 20 companies have gone public. The best news is that the solar market is still in its infancy, with plenty of room to expand. With an annual growth rate of nearly 50 percent, it has the potential to eclipse all other investment opportunities. Investing in Solar Stocks sheds light on every angle of the subject to help you enter this booming market with knowledge and confidence. Previously the realm of elite investors, solar energy is now wide open to asset managers, institutional investors, and fund managers. From the science of solar energy to expert strategies for building a portfolio utilizing solar stocks, this comprehensive introduction covers critical information about: Government policies driving the solar market The growth of solar energy into a global industry Business models shaping the industry Manufacturing supply chains Risk and volatility factors Portfolio diversification and rebalancing The global economic collapse’s effect on the market A veteran player in the renewable-energy investment world, author Joseph Berwind explains the investment principles of buying, selling, and shorting solar stocks in easy, engaging language. He also includes case studies of solar energy companies and useful trading strategies from the top hedge fund investors currently active in the solar market. A rare bull market orbiting in today’s universe of bears, solar energy holds great promise for both long-term portfolios and short-term gain. Use Investing in Solar Stocks to get in on one of today’s few supercharged markets.

Download or read book Renewable Energy Policies Project Management and Economics written by Sapan Thapar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-11 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been written with an aim to enhance the understanding of renewable energy sector policies, finance, and project management. It provides a comprehensive update on renewable energy policies and fiscal instruments, employed globally, with detailed discussions on the Indian policy regime. The book covers various stages of a renewable energy project, from concept to commissioning, and elucidates methodology for computing key financial ratios. A number of case studies, business models, and examples have been presented. Fundamental concepts on technologies, performance, financial tools, and carbon emissions have been explained to enable readers to assimilate the concepts. Data has been presented in easy-to-understand charts, figures, excel spreadsheets, and tables. This book will be useful for the stakeholders associated with the energy sector – corporate professionals, utility personnel, entrepreneurs, investors, bankers, and policymakers. It shall also serve as a textbook for university students as well as research scholars pursuing courses in energy.

Download or read book Techno economic Methods for Analyzing the Energetic and Economic Effects of Solar Storage and Demand Response written by Arkasama Bandyopadhyay and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growing population, changing climate, urbanization, and rising economic activities have led to an overall increase in electricity demand. Maintaining the balance between supply and this increasing demand often necessitates the usage of old, inefficient, and environmentally-polluting generators as well as the construction of expensive generation, transmission, and distribution infrastructure. Demand response initiatives (e.g. time-varying electricity prices) and distributed energy resources (DERs), like solar photovoltaic panels and onsite energy storage systems, can help offset a portion of this demand while simultaneously reducing harmful emissions. DERs additionally provide a variety of value streams including peak load reduction, energy arbitrage, real time price dispatch, demand charge reduction, congestion management, voltage support, etc. The impact of price-based demand response and DERs at the electricity distribution level is assessed in this dissertation through the following three studies: (1) quantifying the reduction in 4 coincident peak (4CP) loads and Transmission Cost of Service (TCOS) obligations of electric utilities using local distributed solar and storage, (2) evaluating the peak load reduction/shift potential of time-varying electricity pricing in the residential sector, and (3) investigating the combined energetic and economic potential of DERs and time-varying electricity pricing in the residential sector. When the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) peaks for a single 15-minute interval during each summer month between June and September, the loads of individual Distribution Service Providers (DSPs) in the same time interval are recorded. The averages of these DSP loads, defined as 4CP loads [1], are used to calculate TCOS obligations that each DSP must pay Transmission Service Providers (TSPs) in the next calendar year as compensation for using their transmission infrastructure. First, a generalized tool is built to forecast the change of 4CP loads and corresponding TCOS obligations for electric utilities within ERCOT based on varying amounts of solar and storage capacity. The tool is illustrated by using empirical electricity demand data from the municipally-owned utility in Austin, TX (Austin Energy) and solar generation data from the PVWatts calculator developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. TCOS obligations can be on the order of tens of millions of dollars. Results indicate that solar and storage capacity can substantially lower these payments. For example, a 20 MW increase in local solar capacity in 2018 would reduce Austin Energy’s payment by an estimated $180,000 for each subsequent year. By using the novel approach of incorporating coincident peak demand charge reductions at the distribution level, the economic value of local generation and storage is highlighted. Next, a convex optimization model is developed to analyze the potential for time-varying electricity rate structures to reduce and/or shift peak demand in the residential sector. In this model, a household with four major appliances minimizes electricity costs, with marginally increasing penalties for deviating from temperature set-points or operating appliances at inconvenient times. The four specific appliances included are: heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems, electric water heaters (EWHs), electric vehicles (EVs), and pool pumps (PPs). The study incorporates a one-parameter thermal model of the home and the electric water heater, so that the penalties can apply to the room and water temperatures rather than the total appliance loads. Analysis is performed on a community of 100 single-family detached homes in Austin, TX. These homes each host a combination of the four end-use devices while some also have onsite solar panels. Results show that dynamic pricing effectively shifts the residential peak away from the time of overall peak load across the electricity system, but can have the adverse impact of making the residential peak higher. The energy consumption does not differ significantly across the different rate structures. Thus, it can be inferred that the time-varying rates encourage customers to concentrate their electricity demand within low-price hours to the extent possible without incurring significant inconvenience. By incorporating the novel approach of including monetary value of customer behavior in price-based demand response models, this study builds a tool to realistically quantify peak load reduction and shifts in the residential sector. Finally, the convex optimization model is extended to consider larger sets of distributed technologies that might be deployed in homes and investigate how different combinations of these technologies affect peak grid load, energy consumption from the grid, and emissions in the residential sector under time-varying pricing structures. In the model, households with varied amalgamations of distributed energy technologies minimize electricity costs, amortized capital, and operational costs over a year, with marginally increasing penalties for deviating from room temperature set-points. The four technologies considered are: solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, lithium-ion batteries, ice cold thermal energy storage (CTES), and smart thermostats. Results show that from an economic perspective, it is optimal for residential customers to install solar panels under tiered rates, time-of-use rates, and critical peak prices while it is cheapest to own a combination of solar panels and smart thermostats when real-time prices and demand charges are in effect. The capital and installation costs of both storage systems are still too high to make them economically profitable investments for typical residential customers. Additionally, solar panels are the main instruments to reduce energy purchased from the grid and carbon dioxide emissions under all pricing schemes. Adding smart thermostats can reduce these metrics to a greater extent by making the home energy-efficient. Further, while the energetic effect of the two storage systems can be favorable or detrimental depending upon the load profile of the particular household and the pricing structure, lithium-ion batteries are the main instruments to avoid high demand charges by spreading the demand in the home (and power bought from the grid) evenly to the extent possible without incurring significant customer discomfort. Thus, this study recommends that residential customers invest in solar panels and smart thermostats to minimize overall annual expenditure and make their homes environmentally efficient. Further, as an effective peak load control mechanism, electric utilities should offer significant rebates to encourage residential customer investment in storage systems in addition to subjecting them to demand charges. Electricity generation from intermittent renewable energy sources has grown rapidly worldwide. DER installation levels continue to rise with the decline in capital costs of energy storage systems and local renewable generation assets, the growth of supportive government policies, and rising concerns about climate change among the masses. Additionally, electric utilities are increasingly employing demand response initiatives to curtail and/or shift peak demand. As a whole, the body of work developed in this dissertation can be used by electric utilities to make optimal decisions about dynamic rate design and policies for increased DER adoption. It can also be used by residential electricity customers to maneuver their own energy consumption patterns and assess the economic viability of investing in DERs

Download or read book Solar Site Selection for Power Systems written by Steven Magee and published by Steven Magee. This book was released on 2010-05-25 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive collection of images, diagrams and notes that document the effects of light and heat in the solar power generation field. This would encompass residential, commercial and utility systems that are connected to the utility grid. This is essential information for a rapidly growing world of solar power generation technology. This book is illustrated in color.