Download or read book Soil Organic Matter Dynamics in a Temperate Forest Influenced by Extreme Weather Events written by Andrea Schmitt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lurzuloko materia organikoaren egitura eta dinamika baso ekosistema epeletan written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Organic Matter Dynamics in a Forest Soil as Affected by Climate Change written by Paulus Stephanus Jacobus Verburg and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vegetation Effects on Soil Organic Matter in Forested Ecosystems written by Sandra Spielvogel and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-15 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions written by Richard V. Pouyat and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book synthesizes leading-edge science and management information about forest and rangeland soils of the United States. It offers ways to better understand changing conditions and their impacts on soils, and explores directions that positively affect the future of forest and rangeland soil health. This book outlines soil processes and identifies the research needed to manage forest and rangeland soils in the United States. Chapters give an overview of the state of forest and rangeland soils research in the Nation, including multi-decadal programs (chapter 1), then summarizes various human-caused and natural impacts and their effects on soil carbon, hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biological diversity (chapters 2–5). Other chapters look at the effects of changing conditions on forest soils in wetland and urban settings (chapters 6–7). Impacts include: climate change, severe wildfires, invasive species, pests and diseases, pollution, and land use change. Chapter 8 considers approaches to maintaining or regaining forest and rangeland soil health in the face of these varied impacts. Mapping, monitoring, and data sharing are discussed in chapter 9 as ways to leverage scientific and human resources to address soil health at scales from the landscape to the individual parcel (monitoring networks, data sharing Web sites, and educational soils-centered programs are tabulated in appendix B). Chapter 10 highlights opportunities for deepening our understanding of soils and for sustaining long-term ecosystem health and appendix C summarizes research needs. Nine regional summaries (appendix A) offer a more detailed look at forest and rangeland soils in the United States and its Affiliates.
Download or read book Comparison of Soil Organic Matter Dynamics at Five Temperate Deciduous Forests with Physical Fractionation and Radiocarbon Measurements written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics from Slow Pools of Soil Organic Matter in a Temperate Forest written by Fernanda Santos and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Carbon Dynamics written by Werner L. Kutsch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-07 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon stored in soils represents the largest terrestrial carbon pool and factors affecting this will be vital in the understanding of future atmospheric CO2 concentrations. This book provides an integrated view on measuring and modeling soil carbon dynamics. Based on a broad range of in-depth contributions by leading scientists it gives an overview of current research concepts, developments and outlooks and introduces cutting-edge methodologies, ranging from questions of appropriate measurement design to the potential application of stable isotopes and molecular tools. It includes a standardised soil CO2 efflux protocol, aimed at data consistency and inter-site comparability and thus underpins a regional and global understanding of soil carbon dynamics. This book provides an important reference work for students and scientists interested in many aspects of soil ecology and biogeochemical cycles, policy makers, carbon traders and others concerned with the global carbon cycle.
Download or read book Root and Rhizosphere Interactions of Temperate Forest Tree Species in a Changing Climate written by Marie Jasmijn Zwetsloot and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Root-soil interactions are crucial parts of the terrestrial carbon (C) cycle. To get a better understanding of their role in forest ecosystem feedbacks to climate change, this dissertation explored (1) how tree species variation in root phenolic profiles influence soil C cycling and (2) to what extent seasonal drought affects fine root growth dynamics in a mixed-species forests of European beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) and Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst). For the first question, I modified a root exudate collection system in order to measure root phenolic composition of two coniferous and four deciduous forest tree species using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). I tested the effects of nine of these phenolic compounds on soil microbial respiration. These findings helped inform the next incubation experiment, which made use of 13C-labeling techniques and different microbial assays to analyze the mechanistic effects of phenolic-glucose interactions on soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition and associated soil microbial dynamics. Overall, my experimental results showed that root phenolic composition is highly species-specific and can have both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on soil microbial respiration. Moreover, I found that root phenolic effects on soil biogeochemistry are more persistent than glucose, influencing SOM decomposition rates and associated enzyme activities as well as inducing shifts in bacterial community composition. To answer the second question, I studied root growth dynamics in a mature mixed beech-spruce forest in southern Germany under throughfall-exclusion over a four-year period by means of minirhizotron imaging. While fine root production of both F. sylvatica and P. abies decreased under throughfall-exclusion, I found an increase in fine root lifespan in response to seasonal water limitation. Yet, in the interspecific stands of F. sylvatica and P. abies, a decline in root production was not observed, suggesting that the belowground productivity of mixed-species forests is less affected by seasonal drought than monospecific forest stands. In conclusion, these findings show the varying magnitude and direction of root phenolic effects on SOM decomposition and the responsiveness of fine roots to drought, emphasizing the importance of studying root-facilitated C cycling in a changing climate.
Download or read book Climate Change and Agricultural Ecosystems written by Krishna Kumar Choudhary and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-05-04 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate Change and Agricultural Ecosystems explains the causative factors of climate change related to agriculture, soil and plants, and discusses the relevant resulting mitigation process. Agricultural ecosystems include factors from the surrounding areas where agriculture experiences direct or indirect interaction with the plants, animals, and microbes present. Changes in climatic conditions influence all the factors of agricultural ecosystems, which can potentially adversely affect their productivity. This book summarizes the different aspects of vulnerability, adaptation, and amelioration of climate change in respect to plants, crops, soil, and microbes for the sustainability of the agricultural sector and, ultimately, food security for the future. It also focuses on the utilization of information technology for the sustainability of the agricultural sector along with the capacity and adaptability of agricultural societies under climate change. Climate Change and Agricultural Ecosystems incorporates both theoretical and practical aspects, and serves as base line information for future research. This book is a valuable resource for those working in environmental sciences, soil sciences, agricultural microbiology, plant pathology, and agronomy. Covers the role of chemicals fertilizers, environmental deposition, and xenobiotics in climate change Discusses the impact of climate change on plants, soil, microflora, and agricultural ecosystems Explores the mitigation of climate change by sustainable methods Presents the role of computational modelling in climate change mitigation
Download or read book The effects of climate change and anthropogenic activities on patterns structures and functions of terrestrial ecosystems written by Guoqi Wen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Organic Matter in Forest Soils written by Annemieke Gärdenäs and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forest Soils written by Khan Towhid Osman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-12 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest soil characteristics are not only unique but their interpretation also differs from cropland soils. Just as there are diverse forest types, there are many soil variants that need different management. Today, forest plantations are being intensively managed for profitable timber, pulpwood and energy production. Site selection, species selection, site productivity evaluation, silvicultural treatments, and soil amendments need crucial soil information. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the physical, chemical and biological properties of forest soils and their implications on forest vegetation. Topics discussed include: major forest types of the world and their associated soils; forest biomass and nutrient dynamics; organic matter turnover and nutrient recycling; forest soil disturbance; forest soil and climate change; and forest soil management and silvicultural treatments.
Download or read book Managing Agricultural Greenhouse Gases written by Mark Liebig and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-10-16 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global climate change is a natural process that currently appears to be strongly influenced by human activities, which increase atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG). Agriculture contributes about 20% of the world’s global radiation forcing from carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, and produces 50% of the methane and 70% of the nitrous oxide of the human-induced emission. Managing Agricultural Greenhouse Gases synthesizes the wealth of information generated from the GRACEnet (Greenhouse gas Reduction through Agricultural Carbon Enhancement network) effort with contributors from a variety of backgrounds, and reports findings with important international applications. Frames responses to challenges associated with climate change within the geographical domain of the U.S., while providing a useful model for researchers in the many parts of the world that possess similar ecoregions Covers not only soil C dynamics but also nitrous oxide and methane flux, filling a void in the existing literature Educates scientists and technical service providers conducting greenhouse gas research, industry, and regulators in their agricultural research by addressing the issues of GHG emissions and ways to reduce these emissions Synthesizes the data from top experts in the world into clear recommendations and expectations for improvements in the agricultural management of global warming potential as an aggregate of GHG emissions
Download or read book Effects of 20 Years of Litter and Root Manipulations on Soil Organic Matter Dynamics written by Jennifer D. Wig and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globally, the forestry sector is the second largest contributor of greenhouse gases, and sustainable forest management is a major target of international environmental policy. However, there is the assumption underlying many policy recommendations that an increase in above-ground carbon stocks correspond to long term increases in ecosystem carbon stocks, the majority of which is stored in soils. We analyzed soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics in forest soils that had undergone twenty years of organic inputs manipulations as part of the Detritus Input and Removal Treatment (DIRT) network. There was no statistically significant effect of the rate of litter or root inputs on the carbon or nitrogen in bulk soil, on respiration rates of soil in laboratory incubations, on the non-hydrolyzed fraction of soil organic matter, or on any organic matter associated with any density. However, there is evidence for positive priming due to increased litter inputs; doubling the rate of litter inputs decreased C and N contents of bulk soil and decreased respiration rates of soil. Furthermore, there is evidence that roots influence soil organic matter dynamics more strongly than above-ground inputs. Both of these results trends match data from other DIRT sites, and are supported by the literature.
Download or read book Investigating Rhizosphere Controls of Soil Organic Matter Dynamics in Forest Soils Using a 13C Labelling Approach written by Oyindamola Ibitola Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Diversity Patterns and Drivers written by Qing Zhang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-09-20 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiversity can provide a series of important ecosystem functions and ecosystem services, which meet the needs of human beings. Plants are the biological group with the highest carbon content on earth, their diversity has attracted increased attention. The interpretation of plant diversity patterns and drivers is crucial for the conservation and utilization of plant resources and is also one of the hot topics in plant science and ecology. There are already many studies on the patterns and drivers of plant diversity, including different diversity dimensions (e.g., taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity) and spatial scales (different plots/sites, watershed, country, continent, and globe). The mechanisms underlying plant diversity patterns are also quite complex. For example, many hypotheses are related to contemporary climate and soil conditions, with temperature, precipitation, and soil nutrient being the most discussed drivers. In addition, paleoclimate and geological events may also have a strong legacy on current plant diversity patterns. Except for these natural factors, many anthropogenic activities, including agriculture, deforestation, grazing, urbanization, and coal mining, are also important drivers of plant diversity. These anthropogenic activities can affect plant diversity patterns not only directly, but also indirectly through their effects on habitat loss and habitat fragmentation. Therefore, the current plant diversity patterns are the result of many interacting factors and need to be interpreted from a more comprehensive perspective. This Research Topic will therefore provide a platform for sufficient communication, aiming to integrate the research from different fields and deepen the understanding of the patterns and drivers of plant diversity. We encourage the submission of theoretical and experimental studies on different plant groups, such as seed plants, ferns, mosses, and algae. Studies based on new methods and technology (such as genomics and drones) are also welcomed. We welcome the following specific topics: • Effects of historical factors (such as paleoclimate, geological events) on plant diversity; • Plant diversity that driven by contemporary climate and anthropogenic activities; • The effect of habitat loss and fragmentation on plant diversity; • New methods of research on the patterns and drivers of plant diversity.
