Download or read book Soil Nitrification and Mineralization Rates Along an Elevation Gradient in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by Christopher James Rolison and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM) is an area sensitive to acid deposition. Although reports indicate there have been reductions of acid deposition in the eastern United States, water quality in streams has not recovered to perceived natural levels. Coupled soil biogeochemical processes of nitrification and nitrogen mineralization can acidify soil water and play a key role in the fate of nitrogen-based acid deposition and observed stream acidification. Characterizing nitrogen decomposition rates at different elevations improves our understanding of the potential effects of acid deposition and soil interactions with acid ions. Soil chemical properties and potential reaction rates for nitrification and mineralization among 36 sites in three GRSM watersheds were characterized by 28-day laboratory incubation experiments. In addition, relationships were identified by comparing soil chemistry to watershed characteristics including site location, soil characteristics, and geomorphic factors. Nitrification rates ranged between 1 and 177 [MU]eq kg−1 dry soil day−1, and mineralization rates ranged between 2 and 339 [MU]eq kg−1 dry soil day−1. For the three watersheds combined, mineralization and nitrification rates were significantly correlated with elevation. Mineralization was increasing at a rate of 0.1578 / 0.0816 [MU]eq kg−1 dry soil day−1 m−1 in the A and B/C soil horizons, and nitrification at 0.1269 / 0.0425 [MU]eq kg−1 dry soil day−1 m−1, in the A and B/C soil horizons. For individual watersheds, Cosby and the West Prong of the Little Pigeon shared this significant positive correlation while the Noland Divide watershed did not because sample sites were only located at higher elevations. Soil horizon class played a key role in controlling the nitrogen cycle processes, where the A soil horizon was found to be more dependent on total organic nitrogen, and the B/C soil horizon was more dependent on organic matter. Nitrification and mineralization rates were not correlated with site slope, organic matter to total organic nitrogen ratio, and A soil horizon depth. The study results illustrate that nitrification and mineralization play a significant part of the soil biogeochemical process that govern episodic stream acidification response in the GRSM.
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Forest Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stable Isotopes in Ecology and Environmental Science written by Robert Michener and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights new and emerging uses of stable isotope analysis in a variety of ecological disciplines. While the use of natural abundance isotopes in ecological research is now relatively standard, new techniques and ways of interpreting patterns are developing rapidly. The second edition of this book provides a thorough, up-to-date examination of these methods of research. As part of the Ecological Methods and Concepts series which provides the latest information on experimental techniques in ecology, this book looks at a wide range of techniques that use natural abundance isotopes to: follow whole ecosystem element cycling understand processes of soil organic matter formation follow the movement of water in whole watersheds understand the effects of pollution in both terrestrial and aquatic environments study extreme systems such as hydrothermal vents follow migrating organisms In each case, the book explains the background to the methodology, looks at the underlying principles and assumptions, and outlines the potential limitations and pitfalls. Stable Isotopes in Ecology and Environmental Science is an ideal resource for both ecologists who are new to isotopic analysis, and more experienced isotope ecologists interested in innovative techniques and pioneering new uses.
Download or read book Factors Regulating Nitrogen Mineralization Rates of an Oak Pine and Hardwood Forest Along an Elevation Gradient written by Gregory Michael Bonito and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water in Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Great Smoky Mountains National Park N P General Management Plan GMP NC TN written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air Pollution written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mineralization of Soil Nitrogen in a Managed Forest in California written by Douglas William Frazer and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Chemistry Characterization of Acid Sensitive Watersheds in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by Mary Ann E. Grell and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric acidic deposition has negatively impacted many Appalachian watersheds in the eastern United States and soils play a key role in the biogeochemical processes that govern the fate and transport of the acidic pollutants. Thus, the collection of soil chemistry data, a previously lacking component, is essential to understand the soil processes related to the retention or release of basic and acidic ions and is imperative for the prediction of ecosystem recovery. Soil chemical properties related to acidification were characterized for 25 sites within eight acid-sensitive watersheds located in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM). Relationships were identified by comparing soil chemistry to watershed characteristics including site location, soil characteristics, forest type, geomorphic factors and the presence of Anakeesta. The Walker Camp Prong watershed had significantly higher soil base saturation, calcium and magnesium than all other study watersheds as a result of the application of dolomitic limestone to roadways for wintertime traction control. Significant differences in soil chemistry between the spatially close watersheds of Cosby and Rock Creek demonstrated how local factors can substantially influence the watershed acidification response. The chemical properties of the six study soil types, representing 60% of the entire GRSM, had no significant differences, suggesting soil chemistry must be governed by external inputs and basin characteristics, more so than parent material. This idea was strengthen by the ability to relate many soil chemical properties to forest type and identifying other chemical properties as functions of elevation, slope and soil depth. Also, the presence of unexposed Anakeesta did not seem to have any significant effect on soil chemical properties because all significant differences could be linked to factors unrelated to surficial geology. The majority of the soils of the GRSM study watersheds seem to be experiencing the deleterious effects of long-term exposure to acidic deposition and it could be assumed that soils in many other areas of the park may be enduring the same. The results provide a comparative baseline dataset and important input parameters for biogeochemical modeling. The relationships identified among watershed factors and soil chemical properties can aid in future study designs.
Download or read book Great Smoky Mountains National Park Tennessee North Carolina written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Roadside Guide to the Geology of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by Harry L. Moore and published by Univ. of Tennessee Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Roadside Guide to the Geology of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park Harry L. Moore "In this informative, readable, altogether useful guide, Harry Moore adds another dimension to our understanding and appreciation of the Great Smoky Mountains. He acquaints us skillfully with the geologist's terminology and shows us how to read for ourselves the ancient language of the rocks." --Wilma Dykeman "Everybody loves the plants, trees, birds, mammals, and even the reptiles, amphibians, and insects of the Great Smokies. But rocks are not less fascinating, alive in their own way, the foundation of all the rest of life. So I think it's great to have this guide as a companion on the trail." --Michael Frome Guiding the reader on five popular driving tours and five key hiking trails, this nontechnical guidebook indicates not-to-be-missed points of interest and describes the geological evolution associated with them. Tour maps are complemented by annotated road log commentaries and copious drawings and photographs to aid in identifying geological phenomena even when these are obscured by the mountains' lush vegetation. A helpful introduction, focusing on the geologic history of the Smokies, illuminates basic terms and concepts, while a glossary, list of suggested readings, and detailed index further enhance the book's utility. Unique in providing a crisp, comprehensive summary of the Smoky Mountains' geology, A Roadside Guide will serve as a basic planning guide for scenic road trips and hiking trips in the Smokies. Harry L. Moore holds a master's degree in geology from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Since 1972 he has been a geologist at the Tennessee Department of Transportation.
Download or read book Nitrogen Mineralization Aboveground Production and the Efficiency of Production in Stands Dominated by Sugar Maple written by J. Mark Lennon and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Great Smoky Mountains National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report written by U.S. Department of the Interior and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-08-28 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Great Smoky Mountains are among the oldest mountains in the world and the highest in the Appalachian Mountain chain. These peaks and ridges have been both a daunting obstacle and a source of inspiration since the earliest people set foot in the area. Long before humans arrived, geologic processes, climatic shifts, weather, and fire shaped this environment, producing a dynamic ecosystem.
Download or read book Assessment of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition written by Jennifer Hansen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric N deposition is becoming a stressor on ecosystems in the western U.S. There are few National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) monitoring sites and little is known about N deposition impacts on terrestrial ecosystems in the Intermountain West. Alpine ecosystems may be particularly sensitive to changes in N inputs because of the shallow soils, short growing seasons, and sparse plant cover. This study focused on N deposition effects on an alpine ecosystem in Grand Teton National Park located along a modeled N deposition gradient (Moose Basin high, Paint Brush Medium, Rendezvous Mtn. low) and across contrasting edaphic conditions using a two factorial design. At each location, we estimated N deposition and measured soil moisture and temperature across edaphic conditions, soil parameters (total and extractable N, available N, net mineralization, and nitrification potential), and plant community characteristics (species richness, species composition, percent cover, plant and root biomass, N content, and above and below ground plant components). These response variables were used to test whether there is a north to south N deposition gradient, if N deposition and N status are affected by soil moisture content, and whether soil and/or plant properties were affected by N deposition and edaphic conditions and if the response variables can serve as indicators as early warning signs of N saturation. The Tetons receive 1.42 kg N ha-1 yr-1 with more in winter (0.85-1.17 kg N ha-1 yr-1) than during the summer (0.25 kg N ha-1 yr-1). Soil moisture content was related to snowpack accumulations and melt but did not affect N status. Moose Basin (i.e., high N deposition) showed characteristics of an N-rich site shown by higher soil N content and extractable soil NH4 +, higher nitrification potential, low C:N ratios, more aboveground biomass, and higher foliar N content compared to the RDV location. Rendezvous Mountain (i.e., low N deposition) showed characteristics of an N-poor site having lower soil extractable N, high C:N ratios in soil and roots, and low N mineralization potential. Paint Brush was highly variable in soil and plant characteristics and most clearly showed differences between wet and dry sites. In terms of N status, it was intermediate and shared similarities with both N-poor and N-rich sites. This study shows that it is important to consider both soil and plant indicators (i.e., total and extractable N in soils, soil nitrification potential, above and below-ground biomass, and N content) together to assess N status. The C:N ratio of plants and soils was less informative than anticipated. Species richness and composition was a less sensitive indicator of N-induced change and should be considered for long-term assessments only.
Download or read book Soil N Mineralization as Affected by Abiotic Factors and Tillage Systems written by Eileen Joyce Kladivko and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Simulated Acid Precipitation on Nitrogen Mineralization and Nitrification in Forest Soils written by Theodore Mitchel Klein and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Great Smoky Mountain National Park N P Foothills Parkway Section 8D written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
