Download or read book Soil Microbial Diversity and Litter Decomposition Increase with Time Since Land Use Disturbance in Tropical Montane Forests of Malaysian Borneo written by Renee Sniegocki and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logging and forest conversion are occurring at alarming rates in the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. These disturbances alter soil chemistry, microbial diversity, and disrupt carbon cycling through shifts in litter decomposition. Direct links between microbial diversity and soil properties such as pH are well established; however, the indirect impacts of logging and forest conversion on microbial diversity and litter decomposition are poorly understood. We used surface (5 cm) soil to assess soil physicochemical properties, next-generation DNA sequencing to assess soil microbial diversity, and standardized litterbags to assess litter decomposition stabilization at five sites along a land use disturbance gradient in the tropical montane forests of Sabah state in eastern Malaysia. We used a hierarchical approach to explore how land use disturbance affects soil properties; how those soil properties in conjunction with land use disturbance affect soil microbial diversity; and how each of those factors affects litter decomposition and stabilization. We show that soil pH, total nitrogen, and bacterial diversity increase with time since disturbance; and sulfur, total carbon, percent sand, soil organic matter, and fungal diversity display a peaked response with peak around 100 years since the last disturbance. Fungal diversity is positively correlated with onsite forest cover, litter decomposition rate, and litter stabilization. Bacterial diversity shows a positive linear relationship with litter decomposition rates, but a peaked relationship with litter stabilization with peak around the mid-range of bacterial diversity. In summary, soils of the older forests harbor significantly greater microbial diversity and stabilize greater amounts of litter than soils of the younger forests and converted sites. Our results suggest that logging and forest conversion significantly affect soil microbial diversity and have lasting effects on carbon cycling in tropical montane forests.
Download or read book Impacts of Leaf Litter Diversity and Root Resources on Microorganisms and Microarthropods Acari Collembola During Early Stages of Decomposition in Tropical Montane Rainforest Ecosystems written by Laura Margarita Sánchez Galindo and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil organisms influence organic matter turnover and nutrient cycling via processing of organic matter entering the soil as litter and root-derived resources. Plant species differ enormously in the quality and quantity of litter and roots that they produce, and this diversity strongly modifies decomposition of litter by decomposer organisms. Higher plant diversity is generally assumed to improve habitat conditions and availability of resources, thereby improving the abundance and activity of decomposer organisms. Tropical Andean montane rainforest ecosystems harbor an exceptional diversity ...
Download or read book Tropical Forests Human Impact written by Field Studies Council (Great Britain) and published by Bright Sparks. This book was released on 1997 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Tropical Forest Fragmentation and Land Use on Leaf Litter Decomposition and Nutrient Cycling written by Virginia Rose Noble and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Review of Dipterocarps written by Simmathiri Appanah and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics written by Pedro A. Sanchez and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-awaited second edition of classic textbook, brought completely up to date, for courses on tropical soils, and reference for scientists and professionals.
Download or read book Biodiversity Ecosystem Functioning and Human Wellbeing written by Shahid Naeem and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-30 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book starts by summarizing the development of the basic science and provides a meta-analysis that quantitatively tests several biodiversity and ecosystem functioning hypotheses.
Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Species Diversity in Forest Ecosystems written by Aaron M. Ellison and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Causes and Consequences of Species Diversity in Forest Ecosystems that was published in Forests
Download or read book Towards Climate responsible Peatlands Management written by Riccardo Biancalani and published by Mitigation of Climate Change i. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this guidebook is to support the reduction of GHG emissions from managed peatlands and present guidance for responsible management practices that can maintain peatlands ecosystem services while sustaining and improving local livelihoods. This guidebook also provides an overview of the present knowledge on peatlands, including their geographic distribution, ecological characteristics and socio-economic importance.
Download or read book The Influence of Logging on Understorey Plant Communities in Tropical Lowland Rainforest in Borneo written by Timm Fabian Dobert and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's tropical forests continue to be logged and converted into heavily modified, highly managed or degraded landscapes at high rates. This loss of extent and reduction in quality are having severe impacts on tropical forest ecosystems as habitat for many species, and on the conservation of biodiversity and maintenance of ecosystem functioning. The capacity of ecosystems to respond or remain resilient to such impacts is strongly dependent on the re-assembly trajectories of understorey plant communities following anthropogenic disturbances. In this thesis, I investigate how logging influences the trajectories of understorey plant community assembly and ecosystem resilience, in a tropical lowland rainforest landscape in Malaysian Borneo. I evaluate the importance of different ecological processes in this context and consider the implications of changes to forest community composition and structure. The majority of data analysed for this thesis was collected as a part of the Stability of Altered Forest Ecosystems (SAFE) project in Sabah. First, I test whether logging facilitates the invasion of exotic plant species and whether logging and exotic plants interact to drive understorey plant community change. My findings indicate that exotic plant species richness, above-ground biomass and leaf area index (LAI) are predominantly influenced by changes in local forest cover loss and increase along a logging disturbance gradient. Moreover, there exists an additive effect between logging and the influence of exotic plants on native plant communities. Next, I investigate whether semi-quantitative assessment of Braun-Blanquet vegetation cover scores provides a reliable proxy for direct quantitative measures of LAI and above-ground biomass of differing plant growth forms (PGF) within tropical forests. Results indicate that the Braun-Blanquet OTS provides a remarkably simple and accurate logarithmic scaling of LAI, but care should be taken in applying scaling rules uniformly across PGFs. In contrast, the Braun-Blanquet OTS shows a more complex relationship with plant above-ground biomass. Finally, I explore whether plant species richness, functional diversity and phylogenetic diversity respond differently to logging. I found no significant effect of localor landscape-scale forest cover loss or configuration of logging roads on plant species richness. By contrast, both the trait functional dispersion index (FDis) and the net relatedness index (NRI) for phylogenetic dispersion showed strong gradients from clustered towards more randomly assembled communities at higher logging intensity. All functional traits showed significant phylogenetic signal, indicating strong, albeit not perfect concordance between functional and phylogenetic dispersion. The overall results of this study provide evidence that logging affects the trajectories of successional change in understorey plant communities of tropical lowland rainforest by facilitating the invasion of exotic plant species and by filtering for particular plant functional groups. The resulting shifts in community composition and structure may have potentially long-term impacts on forest regeneration and the resilience of disturbed tropical forests to other drivers of global environmental change as well as implications for conservation management in human-modified tropical landscapes. The findings of this study provide a strong departure point, from which more experimental studies on the mechanisms underlying plant community assembly in tropical lowland forest following habitat modification can be initiated.
Download or read book Leaf Litter Decomposition in Tropical Forests written by Sarah Elizabeth Dale and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Restoring Tropical Forests written by Stephen D. Elliott and published by Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Restoring Tropical Forests is a user-friendly guide to restoring forests throughout the tropics. Based on the concepts, knowledge and innovative techniques developed at Chiang Mai University's Forest Restoration Research Unit, this book will enable improvements in existing forest restoration projects and provide a key resource for new ones. The book presents three aspects of the restoration of tropical forest ecosystems: the concepts of tropical forest dynamics and regeneration that are relevant to tropical forest restoration, proven restoration techniques and case studies of their successful application, and research methods to refine such techniques and adapt them to local ecological and socio-economic conditions.
Download or read book Carbon Sequestration in Forest Ecosystems written by Klaus Lorenz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-25 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Sequestration in Forest Ecosystems is a comprehensive book describing the basic processes of carbon dynamics in forest ecosystems, their contribution to carbon sequestration and implications for mitigating abrupt climate change. This book provides the information on processes, factors and causes influencing carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems. Drawing upon most up-to-date references, this book summarizes the current understanding of carbon sequestration processes in forest ecosystems while identifying knowledge gaps for future research, Thus, this book is a valuable knowledge source for students, scientists, forest managers and policy makers.
Download or read book Plant Litter written by Björn Berg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the 2nd edition, there have been substantial developments in the field of litter decomposition. This fully revised and updated 3rd edition of Plant Litter reflects and discusses new findings and re-evaluates earlier ones in light of recent research and with regard to current areas of investigation. The availability of several long-term studies allows a more in-depth approach to decomposition patterns and to the later stages of decomposition, as well as to humus formation and accumulation. The latest information focuses on three fields: - the effects of manganese on decomposition and possibly on carbon sequestration, - new findings on decomposition dynamics, and - the new analytical technique using 13C-NMR.
Download or read book Stability of Tropical Rainforest Margins written by Teja Tscharntke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-02-09 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate, causing unprecedented losses in biodiversity and ecosystem services. This book contributes to an improved understanding of the processes that have destabilizing effects on ecological and socio-economic systems of tropical rain forest margins, as well as striving to integrate environmental, technological and socio-economic issues in their solution.
Download or read book Land use Change Influences Microbial and Carbon Dynamics in Soils of the Tropics written by Emily Judith Díaz Vallejo and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation explores the influence of land use changes on soil dynamics and functionality in tropical regions. Specifically, it addresses three main research questions. Firstly, it examines the global impact of land use changes on microbial biomass, abundance, and traits in tropical regions while identifying knowledge gaps and areas for further research in tropical microbial ecology. Secondly, it investigates how tropical secondary forest succession affects microbial function in diverse soil environments and explores the connection between changes in microbial function and soil carbon variability across different successional stages. Lastly, it aims to define a benchmark tool for soil carbon assessment in a variety of tropical climates, land use practices, and soil types, with potential applications for farmers, land managers, soil researchers, policymakers, and individuals interested in soil health assessment. The research findings underscore the significant effects of land use conversions on soil microbial communities and their associated ecosystem functions. To better understand the global-scale response of tropical regions to environmental changes, a comprehensive understanding of the diverse climates, vegetation, management practices, and soil conditions in these regions is essential. Additionally, this study examines the dynamics of microbial communities during forest succession and highlights the urgent need for further research to comprehend microbial functionalities in disturbed tropical forest soils. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of establishing benchmarks for assessing soil carbon in tropical soils, taking into account the impacts of land use change, and developing guidelines or protocols accordingly. This dissertation identifies knowledge gaps and suggests future research directions, including the exploration of a broader range of soil types, investigations into dry systems, examination of specific soil characteristics, and the incorporation of advanced molecular techniques. The ultimate goal of this work is to contribute to the understanding of soil dynamics, provide insights for sustainable soil management, and offer strategies for climate change mitigation in tropical regions.
Download or read book Relating Beta diversity to Distance and Disturbance in Borneo s Disturbed Tropical Forests written by Adam C. Sharp and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
