Download or read book Complete Guide to Test Automation written by Arnon Axelrod and published by Apress. This book was released on 2018-09-22 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rely on this robust and thorough guide to build and maintain successful test automation. As the software industry shifts from traditional waterfall paradigms into more agile ones, test automation becomes a highly important tool that allows your development teams to deliver software at an ever-increasing pace without compromising quality. Even though it may seem trivial to automate the repetitive tester’s work, using test automation efficiently and properly is not trivial. Many test automation endeavors end up in the “graveyard” of software projects. There are many things that affect the value of test automation, and also its costs. This book aims to cover all of these aspects in great detail so you can make decisions to create the best test automation solution that will not only help your test automation project to succeed, but also allow the entire software project to thrive. One of the most important details that affects the success of the test automation is how easy it is to maintain the automated tests. Complete Guide to Test Automation provides a detailed hands-on guide for writing highly maintainable test code. What You’ll Learn Know the real value to be expected from test automation Discover the key traits that will make your test automation project succeed Be aware of the different considerations to take into account when planning automated tests vs. manual tests Determine who should implement the tests and the implications of this decision Architect the test project and fit it to the architecture of the tested application Design and implement highly reliable automated tests Begin gaining value from test automation earlier Integrate test automation into the business processes of the development teamLeverage test automation to improve your organization's performance and quality, even without formal authority Understand how different types of automated tests will fit into your testing strategy, including unit testing, load and performance testing, visual testing, and more Who This Book Is For Those involved with software development such as test automation leads, QA managers, test automation developers, and development managers. Some parts of the book assume hands-on experience in writing code in an object-oriented language (mainly C# or Java), although most of the content is also relevant for nonprogrammers.

Download or read book Just Enough Software Test Automation written by Daniel J. Mosley and published by Prentice Hall Professional. This book was released on 2002 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers advice on designing and implementing a software test automation infrastructure, and identifies what current popular testing approaches can and cannot accomplish. Rejecting the automation life cycle model, the authors favor limited automation of unit, integration, and system testing. They also present a control synchronized data-driven framework to help jump-start an automation project. Examples are provided in the Rational suite test studio, and source code is available at a supporting web site. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Download or read book Experiences of Test Automation written by Dorothy Graham and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2012 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, over 40 pioneering implementers share their experiences and best practices in 28 case studies. Drawing on their insights, you can avoid the pitfalls associated with test automation, and achieve powerful results on every metric you care about: quality, cost, time to market, usability, and value.

Download or read book Implementing Automated Software Testing written by Elfriede Dustin and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2009-03-04 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “This book fills a huge gap in our knowledge of software testing. It does an excellent job describing how test automation differs from other test activities, and clearly lays out what kind of skills and knowledge are needed to automate tests. The book is essential reading for students of testing and a bible for practitioners.” –Jeff Offutt, Professor of Software Engineering, George Mason University “This new book naturally expands upon its predecessor, Automated Software Testing, and is the perfect reference for software practitioners applying automated software testing to their development efforts. Mandatory reading for software testing professionals!” –Jeff Rashka, PMP, Coauthor of Automated Software Testing and Quality Web Systems Testing accounts for an increasingly large percentage of the time and cost of new software development. Using automated software testing (AST), developers and software testers can optimize the software testing lifecycle and thus reduce cost. As technologies and development grow increasingly complex, AST becomes even more indispensable. This book builds on some of the proven practices and the automated testing lifecycle methodology (ATLM) described in Automated Software Testing and provides a renewed practical, start-to-finish guide to implementing AST successfully. In Implementing Automated Software Testing, three leading experts explain AST in detail, systematically reviewing its components, capabilities, and limitations. Drawing on their experience deploying AST in both defense and commercial industry, they walk you through the entire implementation process–identifying best practices, crucial success factors, and key pitfalls along with solutions for avoiding them. You will learn how to: Make a realistic business case for AST, and use it to drive your initiative Clarify your testing requirements and develop an automation strategy that reflects them Build efficient test environments and choose the right automation tools and techniques for your environment Use proven metrics to continuously track your progress and adjust accordingly Whether you’re a test professional, QA specialist, project manager, or developer, this book can help you bring unprecedented efficiency to testing–and then use AST to improve your entire development lifecycle.

Download or read book How Google Tests Software written by James A. Whittaker and published by Addison-Wesley. This book was released on 2012-03-21 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2012 Jolt Award finalist! Pioneering the Future of Software Test Do you need to get it right, too? Then, learn from Google. Legendary testing expert James Whittaker, until recently a Google testing leader, and two top Google experts reveal exactly how Google tests software, offering brand-new best practices you can use even if you’re not quite Google’s size...yet! Breakthrough Techniques You Can Actually Use Discover 100% practical, amazingly scalable techniques for analyzing risk and planning tests...thinking like real users...implementing exploratory, black box, white box, and acceptance testing...getting usable feedback...tracking issues...choosing and creating tools...testing “Docs & Mocks,” interfaces, classes, modules, libraries, binaries, services, and infrastructure...reviewing code and refactoring...using test hooks, presubmit scripts, queues, continuous builds, and more. With these techniques, you can transform testing from a bottleneck into an accelerator–and make your whole organization more productive!

Download or read book Testing JavaScript Applications written by Lucas da Costa and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Automated testing will help you write high-quality software in less time, with more confidence, fewer bugs, and without constant manual oversight. Testing JavaScript Applications is a guide to building a comprehensive and reliable JS application testing suite, covering both how to write tests and how JS testing tools work under the hood. You''ll learn from Lucas de Costa, a core contributor to popular JS testing libraries, as he shares a quality mindset for making testing decisions that deliver a real contribution to your business. You''ll benefit from informative explanations and diagrams, easily-transferable code samples, and useful tips on using the latest and most consolidated libraries and frameworks of the JavaScript ecosystem. about the technology No developer wants to waste time making sure every application feature still works whenever they push new code to production. Thankfully, automated testing delivers quick and precise feedback on whether your application still functions correctly every time you update it. With automated testing, you can validate your application with a single command--and unlike humans, machines don''t forget steps or make mistakes! about the book Testing JavaScript Applications is a guide to creating JavaScript tests that are targeted to your application''s specific needs. Dripping with the insight author Lucas da Costa has developed as a core contributor to some of the most popular JS testing libraries, this book offers dozens of detailed code samples that you can apply to your own projects. You''ll learn how to write tests for both backend and frontend applications, covering the full spectrum of testing types so you can pick an approach that''s right for you. Taking on the role of a developer for a bakery''s web store, you''ll learn to validate different aspects including databases, third-party services, and how to spin-up a real browser instance to interact with the entire application. All examples are delivered using the popular testing tool Jest and modern packages of the JavaScript ecosystem. what''s inside Writing practical tests that make a real business contribution Writing tests for both front-end and back-end applications Managing the costs and complexity of your tests Practicing test-driven development Dealing with external dependencies, like databases or third-party APIs Supporting tests by creating a "culture of quality" about the reader For junior JavaScript developers. No testing experience required. about the author Lucas da Costa is a core maintainer of Chai and Sinon.JS, two of the most popular testing tools in the JavaScript ecosystem. He has also contributed to Jest and other relevant open-source projects. Lucas is committed to a culture of sharing and has spoken at major software engineering conferences, including JSConf Colombia, FluentConf, HolyJS, CityJSConf London, and many others.

Download or read book The Way of the Web Tester written by Jonathan Rasmusson and published by Pragmatic Bookshelf. This book was released on 2016-09-22 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is for everyone who needs to test the web. As a tester, you'll automate your tests. As a developer, you'll build more robust solutions. And as a team, you'll gain a vocabulary and a means to coordinate how to write and organize automated tests for the web. Follow the testing pyramid and level up your skills in user interface testing, integration testing, and unit testing. Your new skills will free you up to do other, more important things while letting the computer do the one thing it's really good at: quickly running thousands of repetitive tasks. This book shows you how to do three things: How to write really good automated tests for the web. How to pick and choose the right ones. * How to explain, coordinate, and share your efforts with others. If you're a traditional software tester who has never written an automated test before, this is the perfect book for getting started. Together, we'll go through everything you'll need to start writing your own tests. If you're a developer, but haven't thought much about testing, this book will show you how to move fast without breaking stuff. You'll test RESTful web services and legacy systems, and see how to organize your tests. And if you're a team lead, this is the Rosetta Stone you've been looking for. This book will help you bridge that testing gap between your developers and your testers by giving your team a model to discuss automated testing, and most importantly, to coordinate their efforts. The Way of the Web Tester is packed with cartoons, graphics, best practices, war stories, plenty of humor, and hands-on tutorial exercises that will get you doing the right things, the right way.

Download or read book Design Patterns for High Quality Automated Tests written by Anton Angelov and published by . This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About This Book Achieving high-quality test automation that brings value- you need to understand core programming concepts such as SOLID and the usage of design patterns. After you master them, the usual career transition is into more architecture roles, such as choosing the best possible approaches for solving particular test automation challenges. You will get an access to more than 20000+ lines of real-world code examples. Who This Book Is For The book is NOT a getting started guide! If you don't have any prior programming experience in writing automated tests through WebDriver, I suggest you to first start with some book about basic programming and basic WebDriver usage. I believe it might be invaluable for the readers that have a couple of years of experience and whose job is to create/maintain test automation frameworks, or to write high-quality reliable automated tests. The book is written in C#. However, I think that you can use the approaches and practices in every OOP language. If you have a Java background (or similar), you will get everything you need, don't worry. Even if you don't get all the concepts from the first read, try to use and incorporate some of them, later you can return and reread them. I believe with the accumulation of experience using high-quality practices- you will become a hard-core test automation ninja! What You Will Learn Learn how to optimize and stabilize your flaky tests. Learn how to handle asnynchronious web pages in your tests. Automatically deal with AJAX and jQuery. Improve Test Readability, Maintainability, Reusability, Extensibility by incorporating 10+ design patterns: Page Object Model, Facade, Decorator, Observer, Strategy, Singleton, Fluent Interface, Template Method, Abstract Factory, Factory Method, Repository, Lazy Load. Learn what are the SOLID principles and how they can improve your test code. We will also discuss other essential programming principles such as composition, DRY, KISS and others. Learn how to asses and choose the best possible design for your framework or library. Learn how the benchmarking your code can help you to speed up your tests. Learn how to design and build your framework to handle test data and different test environments. Learn about high quality code practices and naming convention so that your code get much more understandable.

Download or read book API Testing and Development with Postman written by Dave Westerveld and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2021-05-07 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore the world of APIs and learn how to integrate them with production-ready applications using Postman and the Newman CLI Key FeaturesLearn the tenets of effective API testing and API designGain an in-depth understanding of the various features Postman has to offerKnow when and how to use Postman for creating high-quality APIs for software and web appsBook Description Postman enables the exploration and testing of web APIs, helping testers and developers figure out how an API works. With Postman, you can create effective test automation for any APIs. If you want to put your knowledge of APIs to work quickly, this practical guide to using Postman will help you get started. The book provides a hands-on approach to learning the implementation and associated methodologies that will have you up and running with Postman in no time. Complete with step-by-step explanations of essential concepts, practical examples, and self-assessment questions, this book begins by taking you through the principles of effective API testing. A combination of theory coupled with real-world examples will help you learn how to use Postman to create well-designed, documented, and tested APIs. You'll then be able to try some hands-on projects that will teach you how to add test automation to an already existing API with Postman, and guide you in using Postman to create a well-designed API from scratch. By the end of this book, you'll be able to use Postman to set up and run API tests for any API that you are working with. What you will learnFind out what is involved in effective API testingUse data-driven testing in Postman to create scalable API testsUnderstand what a well-designed API looks likeBecome well-versed with API terminology, including the different types of APIsGet to grips with performing functional and non-functional testing of an APIDiscover how to use industry standards such as OpenAPI and mocking in PostmanWho this book is for The book is for software testing professionals and software developers looking to improve product and API quality through API test automation. You will find this book useful if understand APIs and want to build your skills for creating, testing, and documenting APIs. The book assumes beginner-level knowledge of JavaScript and API development.

Download or read book BDD in Action written by John Smart and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2014-09-29 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary BDD in Action teaches you the Behavior-Driven Development model and shows you how to integrate it into your existing development process. First you'll learn how to apply BDD to requirements analysis to define features that focus your development efforts on underlying business goals. Then, you'll discover how to automate acceptance criteria and use tests to guide and report on the development process. Along the way, you'll apply BDD principles at the coding level to write more maintainable and better documented code. Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the Technology You can't write good software if you don't understand what it's supposed to do. Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) encourages teams to use conversation and concrete examples to build up a shared understanding of how an application should work and which features really matter. With an emerging body of best practices and sophisticated new tools that assist in requirement analysis and test automation, BDD has become a hot, mainstream practice. About the Book BDD in Action teaches you BDD principles and practices and shows you how to integrate them into your existing development process, no matter what language you use. First, you'll apply BDD to requirements analysis so you can focus your development efforts on underlying business goals. Then, you'll discover how to automate acceptance criteria and use tests to guide and report on the development process. Along the way, you'll apply BDD principles at the coding level to write more maintainable and better documented code. No prior experience with BDD is required. What's Inside BDD theory and practice How BDD will affect your team BDD for acceptance, integration, and unit testing Examples in Java, .NET, JavaScript, and more Reporting and living documentation About the Author John Ferguson Smart is a specialist in BDD, automated testing, and software lifecycle development optimization. Table of Contents PART 1: FIRST STEPS Building software that makes a difference BDD—the whirlwind tour PART 2: WHAT DO I WANT? DEFINING REQUIREMENTS USING BDD Understanding the business goals: Feature Injection and related techniques Defining and illustrating features From examples to executable specifications Automating the scenarios PART 3: HOW DO I BUILD IT? CODING THE BDD WAY From executable specifications to rock-solid automated acceptance tests Automating acceptance criteria for the UI layer Automating acceptance criteria for non-UI requirements BDD and unit testing PART 4: TAKING BDD FURTHER Living Documentation: reporting and project management BDD in the build process

Download or read book Unit Testing Principles Practices and Patterns written by Vladimir Khorikov and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2020-01-06 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is an indispensable resource." - Greg Wright, Kainos Software Ltd. Radically improve your testing practice and software quality with new testing styles, good patterns, and reliable automation. Key Features A practical and results-driven approach to unit testing Refine your existing unit tests by implementing modern best practices Learn the four pillars of a good unit test Safely automate your testing process to save time and money Spot which tests need refactoring, and which need to be deleted entirely Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About The Book Great testing practices maximize your project quality and delivery speed by identifying bad code early in the development process. Wrong tests will break your code, multiply bugs, and increase time and costs. You owe it to yourself—and your projects—to learn how to do excellent unit testing. Unit Testing Principles, Patterns and Practices teaches you to design and write tests that target key areas of your code including the domain model. In this clearly written guide, you learn to develop professional-quality tests and test suites and integrate testing throughout the application life cycle. As you adopt a testing mindset, you’ll be amazed at how better tests cause you to write better code. What You Will Learn Universal guidelines to assess any unit test Testing to identify and avoid anti-patterns Refactoring tests along with the production code Using integration tests to verify the whole system This Book Is Written For For readers who know the basics of unit testing. Examples are written in C# and can easily be applied to any language. About the Author Vladimir Khorikov is an author, blogger, and Microsoft MVP. He has mentored numerous teams on the ins and outs of unit testing. Table of Contents: PART 1 THE BIGGER PICTURE 1 ¦ The goal of unit testing 2 ¦ What is a unit test? 3 ¦ The anatomy of a unit test PART 2 MAKING YOUR TESTS WORK FOR YOU 4 ¦ The four pillars of a good unit test 5 ¦ Mocks and test fragility 6 ¦ Styles of unit testing 7 ¦ Refactoring toward valuable unit tests PART 3 INTEGRATION TESTING 8 ¦ Why integration testing? 9 ¦ Mocking best practices 10 ¦ Testing the database PART 4 UNIT TESTING ANTI-PATTERNS 11 ¦ Unit testing anti-patterns

Download or read book Robot Framework Test Automation written by Sumit Bisht and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2013-10-25 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written in an engaging, easy-to-follow style, this practical guide will teach you to create test suites and automated acceptance Tests with the Robot Framework.If you are an automation engineer, QA engineer, developer or tester who is looking to get started with Robot Framework, as well as find a standardized testing solution, this book is ideal for you. No prior knowledge of Robot Framework or acceptance testing is required, although a basic knowledge of Python is required for few sections of the book.

Download or read book The Art of Unit Testing written by Roy Osherove and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-11-24 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary The Art of Unit Testing, Second Edition guides you step by step from writing your first simple tests to developing robust test sets that are maintainable, readable, and trustworthy. You'll master the foundational ideas and quickly move to high-value subjects like mocks, stubs, and isolation, including frameworks such as Moq, FakeItEasy, and Typemock Isolator. You'll explore test patterns and organization, working with legacy code, and even "untestable" code. Along the way, you'll learn about integration testing and techniques and tools for testing databases and other technologies. About this Book You know you should be unit testing, so why aren't you doing it? If you're new to unit testing, if you find unit testing tedious, or if you're just not getting enough payoff for the effort you put into it, keep reading. The Art of Unit Testing, Second Edition guides you step by step from writing your first simple unit tests to building complete test sets that are maintainable, readable, and trustworthy. You'll move quickly to more complicated subjects like mocks and stubs, while learning to use isolation (mocking) frameworks like Moq, FakeItEasy, and Typemock Isolator. You'll explore test patterns and organization, refactor code applications, and learn how to test "untestable" code. Along the way, you'll learn about integration testing and techniques for testing with databases. The examples in the book use C#, but will benefit anyone using a statically typed language such as Java or C++. Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. What's Inside Create readable, maintainable, trustworthy tests Fakes, stubs, mock objects, and isolation (mocking) frameworks Simple dependency injection techniques Refactoring legacy code About the Author Roy Osherove has been coding for over 15 years, and he consults and trains teams worldwide on the gentle art of unit testing and test-driven development. His blog is at ArtOfUnitTesting.com. Table of Contents PART 1 GETTING STARTED The basics of unit testing A first unit test PART 2 CORE TECHNIQUES Using stubs to break dependencies Interaction testing using mock objects Isolation (mocking) frameworks Digging deeper into isolation frameworks PART 3 THE TEST CODE Test hierarchies and organization The pillars of good unit tests PART 4 DESIGN AND PROCESS Integrating unit testing into the organization Working with legacy code Design and testability

Download or read book Automated Software Testing with Cypress written by Narayanan Palani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-04-20 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unit Integration Testing (UIT) had been a challenge because there was no tool that could help in XHR programming and unit integration validations in an efficient way until Cypress arrived. Cypress started releasing versions in 2015 and became popular in 2018 with version 2.0.0. This book explores Cypress scripts that help implement ‘shift left testing’, which is a dream come true for many software testers. Shift left occurs in the majority of testing projects, but could not be implemented fully because tools were unavailable and knowledge was lacking about the possibilities of testing early in the life cycle. Shift left is a key testing strategy to help testing teams focus less on defect identifications and more on developing practices to prevent defects. Cypress scripts can help front-end developers and quality engineers to work together to find defects soon after web components are built. These components can be tested immediately after they are built with Cypress Test Driven Development (TDD) scripts. Thus, defects can be fixed straight away during the development stage. Testing teams do not have to worry about finding these same defects in a later development stage because Cypress tests keep verifying components in the later stages. Defect fixing has become much cheaper with Cypress than when other tools are used. The book also covers Behaviour Driven Development (BDD)-based Gherkin scripts and the Cypress Cucumber preprocessor, which can improve test scenario coverage. Automated Software Testing with Cypress is written to fulfil the BDD and TDD needs of testing teams. Two distinct open source repositories are provided in Github to help start running Cypress tests in no time!

Download or read book The Cucumber Book written by Matt Wynne and published by Pragmatic Bookshelf. This book was released on 2017-02-17 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Your customers want rock-solid, bug-free software that does exactly what they expect it to do. Yet they can't always articulate their ideas clearly enough for you to turn them into code. You need Cucumber: a testing, communication, and requirements tool-all rolled into one. All the code in this book is updated for Cucumber 2.4, Rails 5, and RSpec 3.5. Express your customers' wild ideas as a set of clear, executable specifications that everyone on the team can read. Feed those examples into Cucumber and let it guide your development. Build just the right code to keep your customers happy. You can use Cucumber to test almost any system or any platform. Get started by using the core features of Cucumber and working with Cucumber's Gherkin DSL to describe-in plain language-the behavior your customers want from the system. Then write Ruby code that interprets those plain-language specifications and checks them against your application. Next, consolidate the knowledge you've gained with a worked example, where you'll learn more advanced Cucumber techniques, test asynchronous systems, and test systems that use a database. Recipes highlight some of the most difficult and commonly seen situations the authors have helped teams solve. With these patterns and techniques, test Ajax-heavy web applications with Capybara and Selenium, REST web services, Ruby on Rails applications, command-line applications, legacy applications, and more. Written by the creator of Cucumber and the co-founders of Cucumber Ltd., this authoritative guide will give you and your team all the knowledge you need to start using Cucumber with confidence. What You Need: Windows, Mac OS X (with XCode) or Linux, Ruby 1.9.2 and upwards, Cucumber 2.4, Rails 5, and RSpec 3.5

Download or read book Advanced Selenium Web Accessibility Testing written by Narayanan Palani and published by Momentum Press. This book was released on 2019-03-27 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the steps necessary to write manual accessibility tests and convert them into automated selenium-based accessibility tests to run part of regression test packs. If you are searching a topic on Google or buying a product online, web accessibility is a basic need. If a web page is easier to access when using a mouse and complex to navigate with keyboard, this is extremely difficult for users with disabilities. Web Accessibility Testing is a most important testing practice for customers facing web applications. This book explains the steps necessary to write manual accessibility tests and convert them into automated selenium-based accessibility tests to run part of regression test packs. WCAG and Section 508 guidelines are considered across the book while explaining the test design steps. Software testers with accessibility testing knowledge are in high demand at large organizations since the need to do manual and automated accessibility testing is growing rapidly. This book illustrates the types of accessibility testing with test cases and code examples.

Download or read book Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge Swebok r written by IEEE Computer Society and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK(R) Guide), the IEEE Computer Society establishes a baseline for the body of knowledge for the field of software engineering, and the work supports the Society's responsibility to promote the advancement of both theory and practice in this field. It should be noted that the Guide does not purport to define the body of knowledge but rather to serve as a compendium and guide to the knowledge that has been developing and evolving over the past four decades. Now in Version 3.0, the Guide's 15 knowledge areas summarize generally accepted topics and list references for detailed information. The editors for Version 3.0 of the SWEBOK(R) Guide are Pierre Bourque (Ecole de technologie superieure (ETS), Universite du Quebec) and Richard E. (Dick) Fairley (Software and Systems Engineering Associates (S2EA)).