Download or read book Sulfate Attack on Concrete written by J. Marchand and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-10-11 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sulfate Attack on Concrete provides a comprehensive reference to this important subject. It covers: a short history of concrete deterioration due to sulfate attack, the origin of sulfates in concrete, the importance of appropriate concrete processing, forms and physical-chemical mechanisms of concrete deterioration due to sulfates, preventative mea

Download or read book Sodium Sulfate Attack on Concrete written by Dominic Langelier and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Concrete is a construction material used in the majority of existing structures, such as bridges, dams, buildings etc. In some cases, the structures are exposed to sulfates which attack and deteriorate the concrete due to chemical reaction. The resistance of concrete to sulfate attack is typically represented by the expansion of concrete or mortar bars which are fully submerged in sulfate solution (described in the ASTM C-1012 standard). This exposure is poorly representative of the conditions to which concrete is exposed in the field since in most situations concrete is only partially submerged and, in many cases, subjected to cyclic exposure to sulfates. Furthermore, the parameter tested in the standard (i.e. expansion) does not necessarily represent the damage to the concrete. For these reasons, the objective of this research was to investigate sulfate attack under different exposure conditions which are more representative of those found in the field. The quantification of damage was done by looking at different transport properties, and changes to those properties, since they directly correspond to the mechanism in which the sulfate enters the concrete." --

Download or read book Materials Science of Concrete written by Jacques Marchand and published by Wiley-American Ceramic Society. This book was released on 1999 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 18 papers grapple with new problems and old ones that remain unresolved concerning sulfate attack on concrete, not considered one of the most prevalent mechanisms of concrete deterioration, but one that has received much attention lately because of costly litigation against manufacturers, developers, and others. The topics include the role of ettringite in external sulfate attack, microstructural alterations in permeable concrete, assessing damage and predicting service life of venerable concrete, a marine environment, and the adequacy of standards. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Download or read book Mechanisms of Chemical Degradation of Cement based Systems written by K.L. Scrivener and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-04-17 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deterioration of cement-based materials is a continuing problem, as it results in the substantial shortening of the lives of conventional concrete structures. The main costs result from poor performance and the need for early repair. With more advanced applications, where very long service lives are essential, such as the storage of nuclear waste, an understanding of the degradation processes in order to predict long term performance is very important. this book forms the proceedings of the latest Symposia at the Materials Research Society Autumn meeting in Boston.

Download or read book Fly Ash Increases Resistance of Concrete to Sulfate Attack written by James T. Dikeou and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Performance of Cement Based Materials in Aggressive Aqueous Environments written by Mark Alexander and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concrete and cement-based materials must operate in increasingly aggressive aqueous environments, which may be either natural or industrial. These materials may suffer degradation in which ion addition and/or ion exchange reactions occur, leading to a breakdown of the matrix microstructure and consequent weakening. Sometimes this degradation can be extremely rapid and serious such as in acidic environments, while in other cases degradation occurs over long periods. Consequences of material failure are usually severe – adversely affecting the health and well-being of human communities and disturbing ecological balances. There are also large direct costs of maintaining and replacing deteriorated infrastructure and indirect costs from loss of production during maintenance work, which place a great burden on society. The focus of this book is on addressing issues concerning performance of cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments , by way of this State-of-the-Art Report. The book represents the work of many well-known and respected authors who contributed chapters or parts of chapters. Four main themes were addressed: I. Nature and kinetics of degradation and deterioration mechanisms of cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments, II. Modelling of deterioration in such environments, III. Test methods to assess performance of cement-based materials in such environments, and which can be used to characterise and rate relative performance and inform long term predictions, IV. Engineering implications and consequences of deterioration in aggressive aqueous environments, and engineering approaches to the problem.

Download or read book Sodium Sulphate Attack on Concrete written by Julie Ann Hartell and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book External Sulphate Attack Field Aspects and Lab Tests written by Esperanza Menéndez and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers contributions from the final workshop of the RILEM TC-251-SRT "Sulfate Resistance Testing" on External Sulfate Attack (TESA 2018), held on May 24-25, 2018 at IETcc-CSIC, Madrid, Spain. One of the Technical Committee’s main events, it addressed various aspects of external sulfate attack in concrete structures and test methods. The workshop promoted technical discussions and debates on ideas on these topics, with a focus on evaluating the resistance of concrete exposed to ESA. It also provided a forum for participants from around the globe to share their experiences and research on concrete structures affected by external sulfate attack and on test methods. The book discusses the latest advances in research related to ESA and new developments in test methods, and features real-world case studies of concrete structures affected by external sulfate attack in various countries. It also presents new studies linking field cases and lab tests, including 12 contributions on 3 main themes: mechanisms of alteration in external sulfate attack; field aspects of external sulfate attack; and testing to evaluate the resistance of concrete to external sulfate attack.

Download or read book Mitigating Sulphate Attacks in Geotechnical Engineering written by Amin Chegenizadeh and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A magnesium sulphate attack is one of the main issues that challenge civil engineering projects, in particular in coastal, landfill, and mining areas. This phenomenon reduces the stability of the structure and causes a complete failure for the system over time. Previous studies mainly focused on investigating the effects of magnesium sulphate attacks on concrete and from a structural point of view, and only a low number of studies investigated the effects of a magnesium sulphate attack on soil from a geotechnical point of view. The investigation on the effect of a magnesium sulphate attack is an important issue, particularly for stabilised soils that have a role in maintaining the integrity of foundations, slopes, embankments, etc. Portland cement (PC) is widely used in ground improvements and geotechnical engineering projects as an additive to improve the mechanical behaviour of soil. However, PC is effective to improve the engineering characteristics of soil; it is weak when exposed to the magnesium sulphate concentration. This book investigates the behaviour of different soils when treated with PC and after exposure to magnesium sulphate contamination. Also, the effect of some abundant materials in the environment such as carbon in the mechanical behaviour of stabilised soil has been investigated. The investigations have focused on shear strength and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) as two main important characteristics of stabilised soils, and they investigate their relevant characteristics. In this study, deep investigations have been conducted to figure out the behaviour of the magnesium sulphate concentration soils. However, additional research and study is required to procure a clear understanding of the interactions of the stabilised soils with magnesium sulphate concentration.

Download or read book Sulfate resistant Concrete written by U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sulfate Amage to Concrete Floors on Sulfate Bearing Hardcore written by Building Research Establishment and published by Riba Publishing. This book was released on 2008-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers guidance on the damage to houses and other dwellings caused by sulphate attack to floor slabs resulting from use of sulphate-bearing hardcore. This document highlights several options for procedures for investigation, assessment and remedial measures. This document, prepared by the Building Research Establishment (BRE), provides authoritative guidance on the damage to houses and other dwellings caused by sulphate attack to floor slabs resulting from past use of sulphate-bearing hardcore. Written for local authorities, professionals and homeowners, this document highlights several options for procedures for investigation, assessment and remedial measures.

Download or read book Nanomaterials in Concrete written by Henry E. Cardenas and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2012 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents original work on how nanomaterials are applied to concrete through electromutagenic processes, which modify the microstructure of concrete materials in situ without changing their dimensions or appearance. In essence, this book shows how high-performance concrete can be mixed without expensive additives.

Download or read book Resistance to Chemical Attack written by Lewis H. Tuthill and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Lea s Chemistry of Cement and Concrete written by Peter Hewlett and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-11-12 with total page 1087 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lea's Chemistry of Cement and Concrete deals with the chemical and physical properties of cements and concretes and their relation to the practical problems that arise in manufacture and use. As such it is addressed not only to the chemist and those concerned with the science and technology of silicate materials, but also to those interested in the use of concrete in building and civil engineering construction. Much attention is given to the suitability of materials, to the conditions under which concrete can excel and those where it may deteriorate and to the precautionary or remedial measures that can be adopted. First published in 1935, this is the fourth edition and the first to appear since the death of Sir Frederick Lea, the original author. Over the life of the first three editions, this book has become the authority on its subject. The fourth edition is edited by Professor Peter C. Hewlett, Director of the British Board of Agrement and visiting Industrial Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Dundee. Professor Hewlett has brought together a distinguished body of international contributors to produce an edition which is a worthy successor to the previous editions.

Download or read book Sulfate resistant Concrete Literature Review written by O. Lynn England and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A limited review of technical literature was made to determine the present state of knowledge concerning: (a) nature and mechaniem of sulfate attack on concrete; (b) methods of minimizing or preventing sulfate attack; and (c) methods of guarding or restoring existing structures affected by sulfate attack. The information obtained showed that, generally, the degree of sulfate attack on a concrete structure is dependent upon: (a) type of cement used; (b quality of concrete with regard to sulfate resistance; (c) local conditions (sulfate concentration in soil and ground water); and (d) surface protection. Before the structure is built, local conditions should be studied to determine the need for using Type II or V, or special cements, or for addition of pozzolans. In sulfate attack is expected, the quality of the concrete is of paramount importance. Surface coatings may be used as a precaution but cannot be substituted for good-quality concrete. After the structure is in place, surface coatings and adequate drainage are the only means of protecting the concrete from sulfate attack. (Author).

Download or read book Nonconventional Concrete Technologies written by Committee on Nonconventional Concrete Technologies for Renewal of the Highway Infrastructure and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-04-08 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonconventional Concrete Technologies: Renewal of the Highway Infrastructure identifies research and development opportunities in innovative, nonconventional materials and processes that have the potential to accelerate the construction process, improve the durability of highway pavement and bridges, and enhance the serviceability and longevity of new construction under adverse conditions.

Download or read book Failure Distress and Repair of Concrete Structures written by Norb Delatte and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-10-26 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding and recognising failure mechanisms in concrete is a fundamental pre-requisite to determining the type of repair, or whether a repair is feasible. This title provides a review of concrete deterioration and damage, as well as looking at the problem of defects in concrete. It also discusses condition assessment and repair techniques.Part one discusses failure mechanisms in concrete and covers topics such as causes and mechanisms of deterioration in reinforced concrete, types of damage in concrete structures, types and causes of cracking and condition assessment of concrete structures. Part two reviews the repair of concrete structures with coverage of themes such as standards and guidelines for repairing concrete structures, methods of crack repair, repair materials, bonded concrete overlays, repairing and retrofitting concrete structures with fiber-reinforced polymers, patching deteriorated concrete structures and durability of repaired concrete.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Failure and repair of concrete structures is a standard reference for civil engineers, architects and anyone working in the construction sector, as well as those concerned with ensuring the safety of concrete structures. - Provides a review of concrete deterioration and damage - Discusses condition assessment and repair techniques, standards and guidelines