Download or read book Social Process of Environmental Risk Perception Preferences of Risk Management and Public Participation in Decision Making written by Hongxia Duan and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This cross-cultural study between China and the U.S. examined how people's perceptions of environmental risk, preferences in risk management, and perspectives of participatory decision processes and quality vary within the different social, cultural, and political systems. A structural equation model (SEM) with social trust, social value, and risk experience was constructed to explore social processes of environmental risk perceptions and preferences in risk management. A 2'2 experiment with four decision scenarios was designed to examine people's perspectives of successful participatory decision processes and quality. College students from The Ohio State University (n=240) in the U.S. and Beijing Normal University (n=280) in China were participants in the research. The results indicated that both the Americans and Chinese considered that good decision quality depends on effective public input in the decision, good participation process and outcome, and outcome was thought to be the most important factor to affect their evaluation of the decision quality. The Chinese were more concerned about environmental risks, and they perceived the environmental issues to be more risky to health, to the environment, and to economic development in China than Americans. Both groups were less likely to support the policies that require them to participate financially, such as paying increased taxes on gasoline. The respondents from the two cultures desired transparent communication processes and were more likely to support educational strategies to help people change behavior to reduce environment. However, there were significant differences between the Chinese and Americans about support for or opposition to a specific risk management strategy. For the structural equation model, the American data showed that social trust, social value, and risk experience had significant impacts on perception of environmental risks, and risk experience, social value, and risk perception significantly impacted preferences in risk management for the American data. The Chinese data indicated that social value and risk experience had significant impacts on risk perception and social trust predicted preference in risk management significantly. The differences between the two nations about perception of environmental risks, preference in risk management, and decision quality were discussed in political systems, cultural origins, and social reality and situations.
Download or read book The Social Response to Environmental Risk written by Daniel W. Bromley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have undertaken this volume in the belief that there is now sufficient research completed on environmental risk to justify a retrospective assessment of what is known. Our authors and our intended audience are eclectic indeed. Environ mental risk assessment receives increasing attention in the media today. The populace is practically assaulted with stories, with anecdotes, and with conflicting evidence. It is our hope that these chapters will provide the reader with a comprehensive glimpse of a fast-growing field in public policy. No complete survey of the literature would be possible or meaningful. We offer here instead the integrative thoughts of some of the most respected analysts in the field. We believe that the coverage is coherent, the perspectives are illuminating, and the individual "treatments deserving of careful study. We are grateful to Warren Samuels of Michigan State University who is editor of the Kluwer series on recent economic thought. We are also grateful to our Kluwer editor, Zach Rolnik. Both have been gracious in their toleration of unconscionable delays. IX The Social Response to Environmental Risk Policy Formulation in an Age of Uncertainty 1 ENTITLEMENTS AND PUBLIC POLICY IN ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS Daniel W. Bromley* [all rights] are conditional and derivative ... they are derived from the end or purpose of the society in which they exist. They are conditional on being used to the attainment of that end.
Download or read book The Social Contours of Risk written by Roger E. Kasperson and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2022-02-15 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in a 'risk society' where the identification, distribution and management of risks, from new technology, environmental factors or other sources are crucial to our individual and social existence. In The Social Contours of Risk, Volumes 1 and 2, two of the world's leading and most influential analysts of the social dimensions of risk bring together their most important contributions to this fundamental and wide-ranging field. Volume II centres on the analysis and management of risk in society, in international business and multinationals, and globally. The 'acceptability' of risk to an individual depends on the context, whether the larger society or in, for example, a corporate framework. Their work clarifies the structures and processes for managing risks in the private sector and the factors that produce or impede effective decisions. The authors demonstrate that corporate culture is crucial in determining risk management. They analyse the transfer of corporate risk management systems from industrial to developing countries, and how globalization is spreading and creating new kinds of risk - the combination of traditional and modern hazards presented by climate change, technology transfer and economic growth. They describe the new priorities and capacities needed to deal with these enhanced vulnerabilities around the globe.
Download or read book Understanding Risk written by Harvey V. Fineberg and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A National Research Council report presenting guidelines and principles for informing non-scientist policy makers and the public of health, safety, and environmental risks associated with government and business projects. The 17 committee members formulate a definition of risk characterizations with
Download or read book Environmental Risks written by Gisela Bohm and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-11-22 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental risks are among the most serious challenges of today's societies. This volume focuses on the psychological, sociological, and cultural aspects of environmental risks that have not been given adequate and integrated attention in the past.
Download or read book Risk Communication and Vaccination written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-08-10 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook for Environmental Risk Decision Making written by C. Richard Cothern and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-17 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook describes the broad aspects of risk management involving scientific policy judgment, uncertainty analysis, perception considerations, statistical insights, and strategic thinking. This book presents all the important concepts to enable the reader to "see the big picture." This ability is extremely important - it allows the decision maker or strategic environmental planner to understand and cope with a wide variety of complex and interlinked pieces of information and data. The text presents environmental problems and, whenever applicable, the methodology required to reach a successful solution. Decisions and policies are examined. The book covers numerous objective and subjective components of environmental risk decision making. It details quantitative and comparative risk, and investigates the cost and feasibility of different decisions. Social pressures, safety, and political, religious, ethical, and psychological issues are addressed. How to evaluate the potential impact on the quality of life also is discussed. Any company doing risk assessment, risk management, or risk communication, as well as those doing environmental decision making will find this reference to be invaluable. It is also suitable as a text for courses in environmental management, environmental science, and risk assessment in the areas of risk management and strategic environmental planning.
Download or read book The Economics of Environmental Risk written by V. K. Smith and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2022-12-13 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring real world examples of how risk information affects public choices, The Economics of Environmental Risk expertly demonstrates that policymakers need to consider how people learn about those risks. Offering insights into examples such as hazardous waste, radon, smoking, hurricanes and terrorist threats over the past four decades, this intuitive book illustrates environmental risks and the choices made to mitigate the potential effects.
Download or read book Social Trust and the Management of Risk written by Ragnar Löfstedt and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1999 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Public Participation in Environmental Assessment and Decision Making written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-11-07 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Federal agencies have taken steps to include the public in a wide range of environmental decisions. Although some form of public participation is often required by law, agencies usually have broad discretion about the extent of that involvement. Approaches vary widely, from holding public information-gathering meetings to forming advisory groups to actively including citizens in making and implementing decisions. Proponents of public participation argue that those who must live with the outcome of an environmental decision should have some influence on it. Critics maintain that public participation slows decision making and can lower its quality by including people unfamiliar with the science involved. This book concludes that, when done correctly, public participation improves the quality of federal agencies' decisions about the environment. Well-managed public involvement also increases the legitimacy of decisions in the eyes of those affected by them, which makes it more likely that the decisions will be implemented effectively. This book recommends that agencies recognize public participation as valuable to their objectives, not just as a formality required by the law. It details principles and approaches agencies can use to successfully involve the public.
Download or read book Risk and Social Theory in Environmental Management written by Thomas Measham and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2012-05-09 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk and Social Theory in Environmental Management marks a timely contribution, given that environmental management is no longer just about protecting pristine ecosystems and endangered species from anthropogenic harm; it is about calculating and managing the risks to human communities of rapid environmental and technological change. Firstly, the book provides a solid foundation of the social theory underpinning the nature of risk, then presents a re-thinking of key concepts and methods in order to take more seriously the biophysical embeddedness of human society. Secondly, it presents a rich set of case studies from Australia and around the world, drawing on the latest applied research conducted by leading research institutions. In so doing, the book identifies the tensions that arise from decision-making over risk and uncertainty in a contested policy environment, and provides crucial insights for addressing on-ground problems in an integrated way.
Download or read book The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk written by B.B. Johnson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk: Issues, Methods, and Case Studies Vincent T. Covello and Branden B. Johnson Risks to health, safety, and the environment abound in the world and people cope as best they can. But before action can be taken to control, reduce, or eliminate these risks, decisions must be made about which risks are important and which risks can safely be ignored. The challenge for decision makers is that consensus on these matters is often lacking. Risks believed by some individuals and groups to be tolerable or accept able - such as the risks of nuclear power or industrial pollutants - are intolerable and unacceptable to others. This book addresses this issue by exploring how particular technological risks come to be selected for societal attention and action. Each section of the volume examines, from a different perspective, how individuals, groups, communities, and societies decide what is risky, how risky it is, and what should be done. The writing of this book was inspired by another book: Risk and Culture: An Essay on the Selection of Technoloqical and Environmental Dangers. Published in 1982 and written by two distinguished scholars - Mary Douglas, a British social anthropologist, and Aaron Wildavsky, an American political scientist - the book received wide critical attention and offered several provocative ideas on the nature of risk selection, perception, and acceptance.
Download or read book Framework for Environmental Health Risk Management Risk Assessment and Risk Management in Regulatory Decision Making written by Gail Charnley and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-12 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Risk in the Modern Age written by NA NA and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-12 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental decision-making in recent decades has become increasingly dependent on scientific expertise. Grounded in universal principles of knowledge, these expert evaluations often depart from the assessments of ordinary members of the public. Whether the issue is nuclear power, genetic testing, food safety, or biodiversity, conservation lay people are increasingly charging experts with being ignorant of local contextual considerations. Scientists, as well as many policy-makers, in turn contend that the public is hopelessly irrational in gauging environmental risks. A growing group of social theorists has begun to take a keen interest in these disputes because risk captures central themes of late modernity. Increasing individualization, emerging new social movements, and declining public trust in key institutions are notions that loom large in these debates. Highlighting both theoretical and empirical perspectives, this volume brings together a distinguished group of environmental sociologists who critique and extend current thinking on what it means to live in a 'risk society'.
Download or read book Risk and Decision Making written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Social Contours of Risk Risk analysis corporations and the globalization of risk written by Jeanne X. Kasperson and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2005 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Social Contours of RiskVolume I: Publics, Risk Communication and the Social Amplification of RiskWe live in a 'risk society' where the identification, distribution and management of risks, from new technology, environmental factors or other sources are crucial to our individual and social existence. In The Social Contours of Risk, Volumes I and II, two of the world's leading and most influential analysts of the social dimensions of risk bring together their most important contributions to this fundamental and wide-ranging field.Volume I collects their fundamental work on how risks are communicated among different publics and stakeholders, including local communities, corporations and the larger society. It analyses the problems of lack of transparency and trust, and explores how even minor effects can be amplified and distorted through media and social responses, preventing effective management. The final section investigates the difficult ethical issues raised by the unequal distribution of risk depending on factors such as wealth, location and genetic inheritance - with examples from worker and public protection, facility-siting conflicts, transporting hazardous waste and widespread impacts such as climate change.
Download or read book Risk Analysis and Scientific Method written by Kristin Shrader-Frechette and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of the work in this volume was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant SES82-05112 from the Program in History and Philosophy of Science and the Division of Policy Research and Analysis. (Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. ) Several of these essays were written because of the impetus afforded by speaking invitations. An earlier version of Chapter 3 was presented in Berkeley in January 1983 at a Principal Investi gators' Conference sponsored by the National Science Foundation, Division of Policy Research and Analysis, Technology Assessment and Risk Assessment Group. In May 1982, an earlier version of Chapter 5 was presented at the meeting of the Society for Philos ophy and Technology, held in conjunction with the American Philosophical Association meeting, Western Division, in Columbus, Ohio. Finally, earlier versions of Chapter 6 were presented in Boston in December 1981 at the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science, as well as at the University of Delaware in January 1982 and at the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association held in Philadelphia in October 1982. An earlier version of this same chapter was published in Philosophy of Science Association 82, volume 1, ed. T. Nickles, Philosophy of Science Association, East Lansing, Michigan, 1982. A number of people have helped to make this book better than it might have been.
