Download or read book Simultaneous Short term Decision making in Mining Complexes Integrating Geometallurgy Assisted by Production Data written by Christian Both and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A mining complex is an integrated business of mines and downstream facilities that extracts raw materials, converts extracted materials into sellable products, and transports products to markets and customers. Conventionally, individual components of a mining complex are optimized independently of each other, which causes underperformance of the mineral value chain. Simultaneous stochastic optimization of mining complexes has shown to create strategic mine plans that increase the net present value while reducing risk of meeting production targets by incorporating geological and price uncertainty. While these developments jointly optimize strategic decisions of a mining complex, short-term planning makes weekly to monthly decisions to best meet long-term production targets and maximize value. These decisions include short-term extraction sequence, destination of materials, and downstream material flow in mining complexes. Furthermore, the optimal allocation of the mining fleet is an important aspect of short-term planning; however, the joint stochastic optimization of short-term production schedules and fleet management in mining complexes has not yet been developed. Additionally, geometallurgical properties that drive revenues, costs, and the ability to meet production targets, are not integrated in the optimization of short-term production schedules in mining complexes. This thesis expands the simultaneous stochastic optimization of mining complexes for long-term planning into a decision-making framework for short-term mine planning through the incorporation of fleet management and geometallurgical prediction models of plant performances into the short-term optimization of mining complexes, which is assisted by the utilization of collected datasets from production processes in mines and processing plants. First, a new stochastic integer programming model for short-term planning is developed that extends the simultaneous stochastic optimization of mining complexes to allow the scheduling of a heterogeneous truck fleet and shovel allocations while considering the costs and loss of production caused by shovel relocation. Next to geological uncertainty, equipment performance uncertainties related to production rates, availabilities, and truck cycle times are integrated. Next, a geometallurgical model for the prediction of ball mill throughput in mining complexes is developed which utilizes drilling penetration rates and recorded throughput rates of the operating plant. The creation of hardness proportions avoids biases introduced by the change of support and blending of non-additive geometallurgical properties. By integrating the throughput prediction model into the simultaneous stochastic optimization formulation, planned production can be achieved reliably because scheduled materials match with the predicted mill performance. The throughput prediction model is extended thereafter by including recorded measurements of ball mill power draw and particle size distributions. Since the addition of new features increases the possibilities of non-linearities, a neural network is used. The prediction of metallurgical responses of the operating plant and their incorporation into short-term stochastic production scheduling is finally extended by creating prediction models of consumption rates of reagents and consumables in a gold mining complex. With the new developments presented in this thesis, the simultaneous stochastic optimization of mining complexes can now be applied for short-term planning, modelling the operational aspects of the mining fleet and metallurgical behaviour of processing plants in greater detail. The integration of these short-term aspects leads to short-term mine plans that are more likely to align with long-term production targets while benefitting from synergistic effects that maximize the profit of the mineral value chain"--

Download or read book Integrating Geometallurgical Ball Mill Throughput Predictions Into Short term Stochastic Production Scheduling in Mining Complexes written by Christian Both and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Application of Simultaneous Stochastic Optimization in Mining Complexes and Integrating Mine to port Transportation written by Mélanie LaRoche-Boisvert and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A mineral value chain or mining complex is an integrated system representing all components of a mining operation for the extraction, transportation and transformation of material, from sources (open pit and underground mines) to customers or the spot market. Simultaneous stochastic optimization aims to optimize all components of a mineral value chain, including extraction schedules for the mines, stockpile management, processing and transportation scheduling, jointly to capitalize on the synergies that exist within the system. Additionally, the simultaneous stochastic optimization approach incorporates material supply or geological uncertainty using equally probable geostatistical (stochastic) simulations of the attributes of interest of the deposits. The incorporation of material supply uncertainty allows the approach to manage the related major technical risks.The first contribution of this thesis is the application of simultaneous stochastic optimization at a three-mine open pit gold mining complex, incorporating material supply uncertainty using stochastic simulations of the gold grades of each deposit. The case study maximizes the net present value of the operation by generating life-of-mine schedules for each deposit considered and stockpile management plans, which maximize gold production and minimize the associated costs. The study also assesses the impacts of material hardness on the processing facilities, notably the SAG mill, and the recovered gold. This assessment indicates that the SAG mill is the bottleneck of the operation; due to the lack of availability of soft material in the considered deposits, the throughput of material at the SAG mill is significantly lowered. The second contribution of this thesis is a new stochastic mathematical programming formulation jointly optimizing long-term extraction scheduling and mine-to-port transportation scheduling for mining complexes under supply uncertainty. Mine-to-port transportation systems represent an important component of certain mining complexes, such as iron ore mining complexes, ensuring that extracted products reach their intended clients. This component of the mineral value chain has not been included in previous simultaneous stochastic optimization formulations, ignoring the interactions between the transportation system and the other components of the mining complex. The proposed model simultaneously optimizes extraction scheduling, stockpile management, mine-to-port transportation scheduling and blending under material supply uncertainty. It aims to minimize the costs associated with meeting quantity and quality demand for the products at the port, managing the risks associated with the material supply uncertainty using stochastic simulations of grades. The model is applied to an iron ore mining complex consisting of two open pit mines, each with a waste dump, a stockpile and a loading area, connected to a single port by a railway system. Material is transported by two trains. At the port, demand for two products are considered, each with quality constraints relating to five elements. Stochastic simulations of the five elements considered are used to represent the material supply uncertainty. By optimizing the extraction and the mine-to-port transportation jointly, the case study is able to determine that only the first train is necessary to transport material to meet demand at the port for the first three years of mine life; for the remainder, the second train is also needed. As such, the second train could be allocated to another operation for better use during the first three years of operation or its purchase could be delayed. The model provides decision makers with a realistic use of the mine-to-port transportation system"--

Download or read book Integrating Short term Stochastic Production Planning Updating to Mining Fleet Management in Industrial Mining Complexes written by Joao Pedro de Carvalho and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dynamic Simultaneous Optimization of Mineral Value Chains Under Resource Uncertainty written by Maria Del Castillo Suarez and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mining complexes are mineral value chains where extracted material from different mines is transformed into sellable products through a set of processing streams. This value chain is governed by uncertainties at different levels, from the geological attributes of the orebody at the mine(s), to the different operational and processing components that lead the sellable products to the market. Stochastic simultaneous optimization formulations for industrial mining complexes have proven to be effective in generating reliable strategic plans that maximize net present value and, at the same time, manage and reduce risk. However, because of the uncertainties governing a mining complex, particularly the ones related to the geological attributes which define the supply of the system, it has become a priority to integrate flexibility mechanisms that allow a mining project to change and adapt as more information becomes available. Within this adaptability, optimizing the investment timing of high-magnitude capital expenditures throughout the life-of-mine is a priority, due to their high impact on the annual cash-flows and on their effects over the physical mining schedule. Additionally, to improve a mining complex's ability to meet production targets and overall performance, advanced mechanisms should be developed to ensure complex blending constraints are met, managing the geometallurgical variables of the deposit.This thesis presents a methodology to embed flexibility into mineral value chains, by allowing the strategic mine plan of a mining complex to dynamically consider possible options and alternatives for reacting and adapting to future changes. For this, first, a study on extraction capacity optimization is presented, followed by the development of a mechanism to deal with complex variables of the deposit to meet blending constraints and production targets. These two components are later integrated into a dynamic optimization model, which optimizes the mining complex's mine plan under geological uncertainty, integrating flexible investment alternatives, as well as operational modes.The dynamic model developed produces a unique initial extraction sequence, while keeping a viable flexible long-term plan for future investment decisions, as may be needed. The flexible long-term plan is obtained through a dynamic optimization which allows making transitioning plans upfront to facilitate change. This method introduces a new adapted multistage stochastic programming model which expands upon the two-stage framework by performing multiple recourse stages that are solved iteratively, allowing parallel designs to be generated in a scenario-tree structure. In this model, dynamic decisions over capital expenditures are made sequentially over time, based on information that becomes available over production time. The above model is subsequently extended to include alternatives over operating modes at different levels of the mineral value chain. More specifically, optimal operating modes are chosen per period, selecting blasting patterns at the mine, and processing relations of throughput and recovery at the plant. The practical implications of the proposed method are demonstrated through an application over a copper-gold mining complex, where the dynamic model presents a 10.5% increase in net present value compared to a traditional two-stage stochastic formulation.The dynamic mining complex formulation proposed is able to include flexibility into the optimization of the strategic plan of a mineral value chain. This enables possible developments within the feasible set of alternatives that can be taken, considering the mining complex's configuration, capacities, and constraints. The proposed model is able to generate feasible, operational schedules, while providing a wider view of the mining complex's performance, easing the transition to possible changes due to the periodic unveiling of uncertainty." --

Download or read book A Study of Simultaneous Stochastic Optimization of Open Pit Mining Complexes written by Ziad Saliba and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Over the last several years advances in the field of mine planning have led to the development of cutting-edge simultaneous stochastic optimization frameworks for mining complexes. The latest methods consider mining operations as a resource-to-market integrated mineral value that transforms raw in-situ materials into sellable products, a mining complex. Simultaneous stochastic optimization frameworks make use of a paradigm shift that considers the value of the sellable products, as opposed to economic block values, to drive the optimization process and capitalize on the synergies between the central, interrelated components of a mining complex. These methods maximize the value of mining operations and manage technical risk by incorporating uncertainty directly into unified optimization formulations. This thesis studies the simultaneous stochastic optimization framework through two real-world case studies, applying the methods and assessing their characteristics and limitations. The second chapter of this thesis presents an application of a stochastic framework that simultaneously optimizes mining, destination and processing decisions for a multi-pit, multi-processor gold mining complex with challenging geochemical processing constraints. The framework accounts for supply and market uncertainty via stochastic orebody and commodity price simulations as inputs to a unified optimization model. The case study notably assesses the impacts of integrating market uncertainty as input that influences all components of the production schedule. Additionally, cut-off grade decisions are determined by the simultaneous optimization process, considering material variability and operating constraints while reducing the number of a-priori decisions to be made. This approach generates solutions that capitalize on the synergies between extraction sequencing, cut-off grade optimization, blending and processing while managing and quantifying risk in strategic plans. Which ultimately leads to more metal production and higher NPVs than traditional methods. The third chapter applies an extension of the generalized simultaneous stochastic optimization formulation that considers capital expenditure (CapEx) options as part of the life-of-asset planning process. Enabling the case study to consider environmental issues relating to tailings management and model a tailings facility expansion. The application at a multi-element open pit mining complex simultaneously optimizes the extraction sequence, cut-off grades, and downstream decisions from two open-pits with a set of stockpiling options, an autoclave and a tailings storage facility. The project bottleneck is the tailings facility volume because it stores both process tails, and potentially acid-generating waste rock from the mines. Results show that, when given the option, the optimizer chooses to make a significant CapEx investment to expand the tailings storage facility 25% by volume. This expansion allows for a meaningful expansion of both pit limits, 40% by mass, resulting in an extended metal production and revenue generation horizon that yields 14% more gold ounces and a 4% improvement in NPV for the mining complex. The framework provides decision makers with a realistic evaluation of the investment's impact on the mining complex." --

Download or read book Proceedings of the 28th International Symposium on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection MPES 2019 written by Erkan Topal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-29 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This conference proceedings presents the research papers in the field of mine planning and mining equipment including themes such as mine automation, rock mechanics, drilling, blasting, tunnelling and excavation engineering. The papers presents the recent advancement and the application of a range of technologies in the field of mining industry. It is of interest to the professionals who practice in mineral industry including but not limited to engineers, consultants, managers, academics, scientist, and government staff.

Download or read book Mining goes Digital written by Christoph Mueller and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-22 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conferences on ‘Applications for Computers and Operations Research in the Minerals Industry’ (APCOM) initially focused on the optimization of geostatistics and resource estimation. Several standard methods used in these fields were presented in the early days of APCOM. While geostatistics remains an important part, information technology has emerged, and nowadays APCOM not only focuses on geostatistics and resource estimation, but has broadened its horizon to Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the mineral industry. Mining Goes Digital is a collection of 90 high quality, peer reviewed papers covering recent ICT-related developments in: - Geostatistics and Resource Estimation - Mine Planning - Scheduling and Dispatch - Mine Safety and Mine Operation - Internet of Things, Robotics - Emerging Technologies - Synergies from other industries - General aspects of Digital Transformation in Mining Mining Goes Digital will be of interest to professionals and academics involved or interested in the above-mentioned areas.

Download or read book Advances in Applied Strategic Mine Planning written by Roussos Dimitrakopoulos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-17 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a collection of papers on topics in the field of strategic mine planning, including orebody modeling, mine-planning optimization and the optimization of mining complexes. Elaborating on the state of the art in the field, it describes the latest technologies and related research as well as the applications of a range of related technologies in diverse industrial contexts.

Download or read book Innovative Process Development in Metallurgical Industry written by Vaikuntam Iyer Lakshmanan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-26 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the phases for innovative metallurgical process development, from concept to commercialization. Key features of the book include: • Need for process innovation • Selection and optimization of process steps • Determination of the commercial feasibility of a process including engineering and equipment selection • Determination of the environmental footprint of a process • Case-study examples of innovative process development

Download or read book Mineral Comminution Circuits written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mineral Property Evaluation written by Richard L. Bullock and published by Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Everything” sums up what must be considered for a properly documented property evaluation. Less than 30% of the projects that are developed in the minerals industry yield the return on investment that was projected from the project feasibility studies. The tools described in this handbook will greatly improve the probability of meeting your projections and minimizing project execution capital cost blowout that has become so prevalent in this industry in recent years. Mineral Property Evaluation provides guidelines to follow in performing mineral property feasibility and evaluation studies and due diligence, and in preparing proper documents for bankable presentations. It highlights the need for a consistent, systematic methodology in performing evaluation and feasibility work. The objective of a feasibility and evaluation study should be to assess the value of the undeveloped or developed mineral property and to convey these findings to the company that is considering applying technical and physical changes to bring the property into production of a mineral product. The analysis needs to determine the net present worth returned to the company for investing in these changes and to reach that decision point as early as possible and with the least amount of money spent on the evaluation study. All resources are not reserves, nor are all minerals an ore. The successful conclusion of any property evaluation depends on the development, work, and conclusions of the project team. The handbook has a diverse audience: • Professionals in the minerals industry that perform mineral property evaluations. • Companies that have mineral properties and perform mineral property feasibility studies and evaluations or are buying properties based on property evaluation. • Financial institutions, both domestic and overseas, that finance or raise capital for the minerals industry. • Consulting firms and architectural and engineering contractors that utilize mineral property feasibility studies and need standards to follow. • And probably the most important, the mining and geological engineering students and geology and economic geology students that need to learn the standards that they should follow throughout their careers.

Download or read book Geostatistics Oslo 2012 written by Petter Abrahamsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-05-08 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book consists of 44 technical papers presented at the Ninth International Geostatistics Congress held in Oslo, Norway in June 2012. The papers have been reviewed by a panel of specialists in Geostatistics. The book is divided into four main sections: Theory; Petroleum; Mining; and Environment, Climate and Hydrology. The first section focuses on new ideas of general interest to many fields of applications. The next sections are more focused on the particular needs of the particular industry or activity. Geostatistics is vital to any industry dependent on natural resources. Methods from geostatistics are used for estimating reserves, quantifying economical risk and planning of future industrial operations. Geostatistics is also an important tool for mapping environmental hazard and integrating climate data.

Download or read book Evaluation of Mineral Reserves written by Andre G. Journel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-05-27 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the practice of geostatistical simulation to evaluation of mineral reserves, prediction of recovered tonnages and mineral grades and the impact of mining dilution. Such prediction is absolutely critical for mine planning and investment decisions, yet it cannot be made on maps directly interpolated from present data. Various dilution factors need to be introduced to account for · the support effect: mining unit volumes are vastly different from composite data unit volumes · the information effect: future selection of ore/waste will be based on vastly different data than that presently available. Geostatistical simulations allow a rigorous evaluation of these effects on reserves recovery. These stochastic simulations have the potential to be for the mining industry what a wind tunnel is for aircraft design. This book is written by two expert geostatisticians--Journel is the pioneer of mining geostatistics--and established academics.

Download or read book Till written by Richard Parker Goldthwait and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mine Planning and Equipment Selection written by Carsten Drebenstedt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-16 with total page 1464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume includes all papers presented at the 22nd International Conference on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection (MPES), Dresden, Germany, 2013. Mineral Resources are needed for almost all processes of modern life, whilst the mining industry is facing strict requirements regarding efficiency and sustainability. The research papers in this volume deal with the latest developments and research results in the fields of mining, machinery, automatization and environment protection.

Download or read book Steam Generators and Waste Heat Boilers written by V. Ganapathy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-10-10 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Incorporates Worked-Out Real-World Problems Steam Generators and Waste Heat Boilers: For Process and Plant Engineers focuses on the thermal design and performance aspects of steam generators, HRSGs and fire tube, water tube waste heat boilers including air heaters, and condensing economizers. Over 120 real-life problems are fully worked out which will help plant engineers in evaluating new boilers or making modifications to existing boiler components without assistance from boiler suppliers. The book examines recent trends and developments in boiler design and technology and presents novel ideas for improving boiler efficiency and lowering gas pressure drop. It helps plant engineers understand and evaluate the performance of steam generators and waste heat boilers at any load. Learn How to Independently Evaluate the Thermal Performance of Boilers and Their Components This book begins with basic combustion and boiler efficiency calculations. It then moves on to estimation of furnace exit gas temperature (FEGT), furnace duty, view factors, heat flux, and boiler circulation calculations. It also describes trends in large steam generator designs such as multiple-module; elevated drum design types of boilers such as D, O, and A; and forced circulation steam generators. It illustrates various options to improve boiler efficiency and lower operating costs. The author addresses the importance of flue gas analysis, fire tube versus water tube boilers used in chemical plants, and refineries. In addition, he describes cogeneration systems; heat recovery in sulfur plants, hydrogen plants, and cement plants; and the effect of fouling factor on performance. The book also explains HRSG simulation process and illustrates calculations for complete performance evaluation of boilers and their components. Helps plant engineers make independent evaluations of thermal performance of boilers before purchasing them Provides numerous examples on boiler thermal performance calculations that help plant engineers develop programming codes with ease Follows the metric and SI system, and British units are shown in parentheses wherever possible Includes calculation procedures for the basic sizing and performance evaluation of a complete steam generator or waste heat boiler system and their components with appendices outlining simplified procedures for estimation of heat transfer coefficients Steam Generators and Waste Heat Boilers: For Process and Plant Engineers serves as a source book for plant engineers, consultants, and boiler designers.